Addition and Subtraction of Whole Numbers: Master the Basics for Fifth Graders

Question 1

What is the sum of 456,789 and 234,567?

Accepted Answer

691,356

Answer

681,156

Answer

789,456

Answer

891,246

Question 2

Which algorithm is used to solve the subtraction problem 876,543 - 234,567?

Accepted Answer

Standard algorithm

Answer

Partial differences algorithm

Answer

Compensation algorithm

Answer

Equal additions algorithm

Question 3

Which of these is NOT a mental math strategy for adding?

Accepted Answer

Adding all the digits

Answer

Counting on

Answer

Rounding

Answer

Decomposing

Question 4

Solve: 456,789 - 234,567

Accepted Answer

223,222

Answer

222,222

Answer

224,222

Answer

225,222

Question 5

Which of these word problems can be solved using addition?

Accepted Answer

John has 5 apples and Mary gives him 3 more. How many apples does John have now?

Answer

The store has 100 oranges and sells 25. How many oranges are left?

Answer

A farmer has 12 cows and sells 5. How many cows does he have now?

Answer

A train departs at 10:00 AM and arrives at 2:00 PM. How long was the train ride?

Question 6

What is 987,654 minus 567,890?

Accepted Answer

419,764

Answer

409,764

Answer

429,764

Answer

439,764

Question 7

What is 987,654 minus 456,789?

Accepted Answer

530,865

Answer

520,865

Answer

540,865

Answer

550,865

Question 8

What is 123,456 plus 789,012?

Accepted Answer

912,468

Answer

902,458

Answer

922,478

Answer

932,488

Question 9

Which mental math strategy helps us add large numbers by breaking them down into smaller parts?

Accepted Answer

Splitting the numbers into smaller parts

Answer

Subtracting one number from the other

Answer

Multiplying the numbers together

Answer

Rounding the numbers to the nearest hundred

Question 10

What is the sum of 567,890 and 234,567?

Accepted Answer

802,147

Answer

792,457

Answer

812,037

Answer

821,927

Question 11

Find the total of 456,789 and 345,678.

Accepted Answer

802,467

Answer

702,467

Answer

792,467

Answer

892,467

Question 12

Which method do we use to add numbers with different numbers of digits?

Accepted Answer

Standard algorithm

Answer

Partial sums

Answer

Compensation

Answer

Rounding

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a place in a 6-digit number?

Accepted Answer

Hundredths

Answer

Hundred thousands

Answer

Tens

Answer

Thousands

Question 14

Explain the difference between addition and subtraction.

Accepted Answer

Addition combines numbers, while subtraction finds the difference.

Answer

Subtraction combines numbers, while addition finds the difference.

Answer

Addition and subtraction are the same operation.

Answer

None of these

Question 15

Use the traditional algorithm to calculate the sum of 123,456 and 789,012

Accepted Answer

911,468

Answer

912,468

Answer

921,468

Answer

910,468

Question 16

Identify the property of addition that is demonstrated by the equation: (234 + 567) + 890 = 234 + (567 + 890)

Accepted Answer

Associative property

Answer

Commutative property

Answer

Identity property

Answer

Distributive property

Question 17

A grocery store sells apples for $0.25 each. If you buy 12 apples, how much will you spend?

Accepted Answer

$3.00

Answer

$2.75

Answer

$3.25

Answer

$3.50

Question 18

To subtract a 5-digit number from another 5-digit number using expanded form, what steps should you follow?

Accepted Answer

Break down each number into its place values (thousands, hundreds, tens, and ones), subtract the digits in each place value separately, and then combine the results.

Answer

Multiply the numbers together and then divide the result by 10,000.

Answer

Add the two numbers together and then subtract 5,000.

Question 19

Estimate the sum of 567,890 and 234,567 to the nearest ten thousand.

Accepted Answer

800,000

Answer

790,000

Answer

810,000

Answer

820,000

Question 20

Which mental math technique is useful for finding the difference between 1,234 and 456?

Accepted Answer

Compensation

Answer

Rounding

Answer

Expanded form

Answer

Number line

Question 21

When adding large numbers, is it important to line up the numbers according to their place values?

Accepted Answer

Yes

Answer

No

Question 22

Which expression is equivalent to 456,789 - 123,456?

Accepted Answer

456,789 + (-123,456)

Answer

123,456 - 456,789

Answer

123,456 x 456,789

Answer

456,789 x (-123,456)

Question 23

What is the sum of 345,678 and 234,567?

Accepted Answer

580,245

Answer

480,245

Answer

680,245

Answer

570,245

Question 24

If you subtract 123,456 from 987,654, what is the difference?

Accepted Answer

864,198

Answer

764,198

Answer

964,198

Answer

664,198

Question 25

Which number sentence shows 345 being subtracted from 678?

Accepted Answer

678 - 345

Answer

678 x 345

Answer

345 - 678

Answer

345 + 678

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a mental math strategy for adding two-digit numbers?

Accepted Answer

Long division

Answer

Rounding

Answer

Using a ten-frame

Answer

Compensation

Question 27

Solve: 45,678 + 23,456

Accepted Answer

69,134

Answer

70,134

Answer

71,134

Answer

68,134

Question 28

Subtract: 123,456 - 56,789

Accepted Answer

66,667

Answer

67,667

Answer

55,667

Answer

65,667

Question 29

What is the total of 456, 345, and 234?

Accepted Answer

1,035

Answer

1,045

Answer

1,055

Answer

1,025

Question 30

Solve: 789 - 456

Accepted Answer

333

Answer

433

Answer

323

Answer

233

Question 31

Which of the following is an example of using addition in everyday life?

Accepted Answer

Calculating the total cost of groceries

Answer

Calculating the average speed of a car

Answer

Predicting the weather

Answer

Measuring the length of a room

Question 32

Complete the equation: 567 + ? = 1,000

Accepted Answer

433

Answer

453

Answer

443

Answer

423

Question 33

A bakery sold 3,456 cookies on Monday and 2,789 cookies on Tuesday. How many cookies did they sell in total?

Accepted Answer

6,245

Answer

5,245

Answer

6,345

Answer

6,145

Question 34

A farmer harvested 45,672 apples and sold 18,987. How many apples are left?

Accepted Answer

26,685

Answer

26,785

Answer

25,685

Answer

27,685

Question 35

What is the sum of 345,678 and 234,567?

Accepted Answer

580,245

Answer

582,245

Answer

581,245

Answer

579,245

Question 36

A store has 456 apples on Monday. They sell 123 apples on Tuesday and receive a shipment of 254 apples on Wednesday. How many apples do they have in total now?

Accepted Answer

687

Answer

787

Answer

587

Answer

697

Question 37

A farmer has 543 sheep and 321 goats. He sells half of his sheep. How many animals does he have left?

Accepted Answer

693

Answer

783

Answer

683

Answer

564

Question 38

What is the difference between 789,456 and 345,678?

Accepted Answer

443,778

Answer

453,778

Answer

433,778

Answer

463,778

Question 39

A library has 678 books on its shelves. Over the next three days, they return 123 books each day. How many books are left on the shelves?

Accepted Answer

309

Answer

329

Answer

409

Answer

289

Question 40

A train travels 245 miles on Monday and 367 miles on Tuesday. How many miles does it travel in total?

Accepted Answer

612

Answer

592

Answer

622

Answer

602

Question 41

A farmer has 432 cows and sells 156 of them. He then buys 278 more cows. How many cows does he have now?

Accepted Answer

554

Answer

564

Answer

544

Answer

574

Question 42

What is the value of 567 - 234 + 123?

Accepted Answer

456

Answer

466

Answer

446

Answer

476

Question 43

A store has 345 apples on Tuesday. On Wednesday, they receive a shipment of 234 apples and sell 156 apples. How many apples do they have left?

Accepted Answer

423

Answer

413

Answer

433

Answer

443

Question 44

What is the missing number in the equation: 456 - __ = 234?

Accepted Answer

222

Answer

232

Answer

212

Answer

242

Question 45

A bakery sold 342 chocolate chip cookies and 287 peanut butter cookies. How many cookies did the bakery sell in total?

Accepted Answer

629

Answer

529

Answer

639

Answer

729

Question 46

There are 876 students in a school. If 395 students are girls, how many are boys?

Accepted Answer

481

Answer

581

Answer

480

Answer

1271

Question 47

What is the difference between the largest 4-digit number and the smallest 3-digit number?

Accepted Answer

9,899

Answer

9,999

Answer

8,999

Answer

1,000

Question 48

Sarah wants to buy a bicycle that costs $235. She has already saved $87. How much more money does Sarah need to save?

Accepted Answer

$148

Answer

$158

Answer

$322

Answer

$152

Question 49

A farmer harvested 456 apples. He sold 189 apples and gave away 78 apples. How many apples does the farmer have left?

Accepted Answer

189

Answer

199

Answer

287

Answer

267

Question 50

What is 10,000 more than 347,852?

Accepted Answer

357,852

Answer

447,852

Answer

337,852

Answer

348,852

Question 51

A train traveled 245 miles on Monday and 387 miles on Tuesday. What is the best estimate for the total distance traveled?

Accepted Answer

600 miles

Answer

700 miles

Answer

500 miles

Question 52

Using mental math, what is 345 + 99?

Accepted Answer

444

Answer

434

Answer

454

Answer

344

Question 53

What is the missing digit in the following equation?

5 _ 8
- 2 7 3
-------
  2 4 5

Accepted Answer

2

Answer

3

Answer

1

Question 54

Which of the following expressions represents the same value as 634 - 287?

Accepted Answer

634 - 300 + 13

Answer

700 - 200 - 87

Answer

634 - 200 - 87

Answer

600 - 200 - 87