Hydropower Plant Efficiency: Factors and Calculations

Question 1

Which of the following factors does not influence the efficiency of a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Temperature of the water

Answer

Height of the dam

Answer

Flow rate of the water

Answer

Efficiency of the turbine and generator

Question 2

What is the typical efficiency range for hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

50% to 90%

Answer

20% to 50%

Answer

80% to 100%

Answer

10% to 30%

Question 3

Which of the following is an advantage of increasing the height of the dam in a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Increased water pressure and potential energy

Answer

Reduced maintenance costs

Answer

Lower flow rate

Answer

Improved generator efficiency

Question 4

Which of the following is not a component of a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Battery

Answer

Dam

Answer

Turbine

Answer

Generator

Question 5

Which type of turbine is commonly used in high-head hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

Pelton turbine

Answer

Kaplan turbine

Answer

Francis turbine

Answer

Cross-flow turbine

Question 6

What is the primary function of a spillway in a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

To release excess water during high water flow

Answer

To generate additional electricity

Answer

To regulate water flow to the turbine

Answer

To provide a recreational area

Question 7

Which of the following is a potential environmental impact of hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

Habitat loss for aquatic species

Answer

Greenhouse gas emissions

Answer

Deforestation

Answer

Water pollution

Question 8

What is the main energy source used to generate electricity in a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Kinetic energy of flowing water

Answer

Chemical energy of fossil fuels

Answer

Thermal energy of steam

Answer

Nuclear energy

Question 9

Which of the following parameters does NOT affect the efficiency of a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Dam width

Answer

Dam height

Answer

Water flow rate

Answer

Turbine and generator efficiency

Question 10

Which formula accurately calculates the efficiency of a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Power output / Power input

Answer

Turbine efficiency x Generator efficiency

Answer

Power input / Power output

Answer

Water flow rate / Dam height

Question 11

Which type of turbine is primarily utilized in high-head hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

Pelton turbine

Answer

Francis turbine

Answer

Kaplan turbine

Answer

Cross-flow turbine

Question 12

Which advantage is associated with utilizing hydropower as a renewable energy source?

Accepted Answer

Low operating costs

Answer

Significant greenhouse gas emissions

Answer

Vast land requirement

Answer

Intermittent power output

Question 13

What is the typical efficiency range for modern hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

85-95%

Answer

60-70%

Answer

50-60%

Answer

95-100%

Question 14

Which drawback is associated with hydropower as a renewable energy source?

Accepted Answer

Environmental impact on aquatic ecosystems

Answer

Minimal maintenance requirements

Answer

Exceptionally low cost

Answer

Highly reliable power output

Question 15

What is the primary role of a governor in a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Control turbine speed and output

Answer

Cool the generator

Answer

Store water

Answer

Generate electricity

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a factor that affects the efficiency of a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Wind speed

Answer

Water flow rate

Answer

Turbine efficiency

Answer

Dam height

Question 17

What is the key advantage of incorporating a synchronous generator in a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

It can operate at a constant frequency, ensuring a stable power supply to the grid.

Answer

It is smaller in size.

Answer

It is less expensive to maintain.

Answer

It is more efficient.

Question 18

One potential disadvantage of utilizing hydropower as a source of energy is its impact on the environment. Which of the following describes a specific concern in this regard?

Accepted Answer

It can disrupt natural ecosystems, affecting aquatic life and altering habitats.

Answer

It is not cost-effective.

Answer

It is a non-renewable source of energy.

Question 19

One of the benefits of a run-of-the-river hydropower plant, which operates without a reservoir, is:

Accepted Answer

It does not require extensive land modification or the creation of a large reservoir.

Answer

They are more efficient.

Answer

They have a lower environmental impact.

Answer

They are more cost-effective.

Question 20

In a hydropower plant, what is the main function of the penstock?

Accepted Answer

To convey water from the reservoir to the turbine, providing the necessary force to drive the turbine blades.

Answer

To control the flow of water.

Answer

To generate electricity.

Answer

To store water for later use.

Question 21

A specific type of hydropower plant utilizes the rise and fall of tides to generate power. Which of the following best describes this type of plant?

Accepted Answer

Tidal barrage

Answer

Bulb turbine plant

Answer

Pumped-storage plant

Answer

Run-of-the-river plant

Question 22

In a hydropower plant, what is the primary purpose of the governor?

Accepted Answer

To monitor and adjust the flow of water to the turbine, ensuring it operates at an optimal and stable speed.

Answer

To control the flow of water.

Answer

To generate electricity.

Answer

To protect the turbine from damage.