Expectancy-Value Theory: Understanding Motivation in Education

Question 1

In the Expectancy-Value Theory, how do expectancy and value interact to affect student motivation?

Accepted Answer

Expectancy and value interact multiplicatively, with low levels in either factor significantly reducing motivation.

Answer

Expectancy and value have an additive effect, resulting in high motivation when both are high.

Answer

Expectancy alone significantly influences motivation, with value having minimal impact.

Answer

Value has no influence on motivation when expectancy is high.

Question 2

According to Expectancy-Value Theory, which of the following factors are key influences on motivation?

Accepted Answer

Both expectancy and value

Answer

Expectancy only

Answer

Value only

Answer

Effort only

Question 3

Which of the following is considered an intrinsic value?

Accepted Answer

Enjoyment

Answer

External recognition

Answer

Good grades

Answer

Money

Question 4

True or False: Value is solely determined by personal preferences and is not influenced by cultural or social factors.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

Only for children

Answer

Only for adults

Answer

True

Question 5

Which of the following is a practical strategy for increasing student expectancy in an educational setting?

Accepted Answer

Providing structured guidance and support

Answer

Ignoring student mistakes

Answer

Comparing students to others

Answer

Setting unrealistic goals

Question 6

How can teachers promote intrinsic value for learning?

Accepted Answer

Connecting learning to real-world experiences and student interests

Answer

Focusing solely on extrinsic rewards

Answer

Using only traditional teaching methods

Answer

Ignoring student interests

Question 7

Which of the following is a limitation of Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

It may not fully account for the impact of emotional factors on motivation

Answer

It is too complex to apply in practice

Answer

It is only applicable to students in higher education

Answer

It only focuses on positive outcomes

Question 8

According to Expectancy-Value Theory, two primary factors determine an individual's motivation. Which two factors are they?

Accepted Answer

Expectancy and Value

Answer

Intrinsic Motivation and Task Value

Answer

Achievement and Goal

Answer

Self-Efficacy and Control

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a central element that contributes to an individual's expectancy?

Accepted Answer

Task Importance

Answer

Self-Belief

Answer

Controllability

Answer

Past Accomplishments

Question 10

In Expectancy-Value Theory, how does the concept of "value" influence motivation?

Accepted Answer

It represents the subjective importance and personal interest an individual places on a task.

Answer

It reflects an individual's assessment of their likelihood of success.

Answer

It refers to the external rewards or recognition associated with completing a task.

Question 11

Which of the following activities is most likely to have high intrinsic value for an individual?

Accepted Answer

Engaging in a hobby that brings enjoyment

Answer

Performing a chore that is required for a reward

Answer

Completing an assignment to earn a grade

Answer

Preparing for a test solely to avoid negative consequences

Question 12

How can teachers leverage the principles of Expectancy-Value Theory in educational settings?

Accepted Answer

By creating opportunities for students to develop self-confidence and by making learning experiences personally meaningful.

Answer

By setting high standards and assigning challenging tasks regardless of student abilities.

Answer

By emphasizing extrinsic rewards and punishments as the primary motivators.

Question 13

One criticism of Expectancy-Value Theory is that it:

Accepted Answer

Does not fully consider the influence of external factors on motivation.

Answer

Is overly simplistic and fails to capture the complexity of motivation.

Answer

Is difficult to measure and apply in practical settings.

Question 14

How does Expectancy-Value Theory differ from Goal Theory?

Accepted Answer

Expectancy-Value Theory focuses on subjective beliefs and values, while Goal Theory focuses on objective goals and outcomes.

Answer

Expectancy-Value Theory is only relevant to academic contexts, while Goal Theory applies to all areas of life.

Answer

Expectancy-Value Theory emphasizes the role of past experiences, while Goal Theory focuses on future aspirations.

Question 15

What is a key strength of Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

It provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the interplay of beliefs, values, and motivation.

Answer

It can perfectly predict an individual's motivation in all situations.

Answer

It is easily adaptable to different cultural contexts without any modifications.

Question 16

How can Expectancy-Value Theory help explain the underrepresentation of women in STEM fields?

Accepted Answer

It suggests that societal stereotypes and biases can lead to lower expectancies and value for STEM subjects among girls.

Answer

Expectancy-Value Theory cannot be used to explain gender differences in motivation.

Question 17

Which teaching intervention aligns with the principles of Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

Providing students with opportunities to experience success, develop self-belief, and make connections to the personal relevance of the material.

Answer

Focusing solely on extrinsic rewards and punishments to motivate students.

Answer

Setting unrealistic expectations and emphasizing competition as the primary motivator.

Question 18

According to Expectancy-Value Theory, when do individuals tend to engage in tasks?

Accepted Answer

They have a high expectancy of success and value the task

Answer

They have a high expectancy of success but do not value the task

Answer

They have a low expectancy of success but value the task

Question 19

Which of the following is a factor that can positively influence an individual's expectancy of success?

Accepted Answer

Positive past experiences

Answer

Negative feedback from others

Answer

Low self-efficacy

Answer

High task difficulty

Question 20

According to Expectancy-Value Theory, which type of tasks tend to be highly valued by individuals?

Accepted Answer

Tasks that are relevant to their personal goals

Answer

Tasks that are perceived as easy

Answer

Tasks that are assigned by authority figures

Answer

Tasks that offer extrinsic rewards

Question 21

Which teaching strategy aligns with the principles of Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

Providing students with positive feedback and highlighting their strengths

Answer

Setting unrealistic goals for students

Answer

Focusing on the negative consequences of failure

Question 22

How does Expectancy-Value Theory differ from Social Cognitive Theory?

Accepted Answer

It explicitly considers the role of personal values in motivation.

Answer

It focuses solely on the impact of self-efficacy

Answer

It does not consider the influence of external factors

Question 23

Which of the following is a potential limitation of Expectancy-Value Theory in predicting motivation?

Accepted Answer

It does not fully account for the influence of situational factors

Answer

It is straightforward to apply in practice

Answer

It is universally applicable to all individuals

Answer

It is based on well-established empirical evidence

Question 24

According to Expectancy-Value Theory, what combination of factors is most likely to lead to high achievement?

Accepted Answer

High expectancy, high value, and high effort

Answer

Low expectancy, high value, and high effort

Answer

Low expectancy, low value, and low effort

Answer

High expectancy, low value, and high effort

Question 25

Which of the following interventions is aligned with the principles of Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

Providing students with opportunities to experience success in moderately challenging tasks

Answer

Punishing students for academic failure

Answer

Ignoring students' interests and values

Question 26

According to Expectancy-Value Theory, what primary factors influence motivation?

Accepted Answer

Individuals' beliefs, values, and goals

Answer

Social pressure and conformity

Answer

Unconscious drives and instincts

Answer

External rewards and punishments

Question 27

Which core components shape an individual's motivation according to Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

Expectancy and Value

Answer

Intrinsic and Extrinsic Motivation

Answer

Self-Efficacy and Goal Orientation

Answer

Locus of Control and Attribution

Question 28

Which of the following factors plays a primary role in shaping an individual's level of Expectancy?

Accepted Answer

Past experiences and perceived task difficulty

Answer

Importance of the task and alignment with personal goals

Answer

Social validation and peer support

Question 29

In order to foster positive Expectancy beliefs among students, teachers should:

Accepted Answer

Provide clear guidance, encouragement, and support

Answer

Emphasize potential negative consequences for failure

Answer

Set excessively challenging and unrealistic expectations

Answer

Ignore students' concerns and dismiss their struggles

Question 30

According to Expectancy-Value Theory, how does 'Value' influence motivation?

Accepted Answer

Positive value leads to increased motivation

Answer

Negative value enhances motivation

Answer

Motivation is solely determined by Expectancy

Answer

Value is unrelated to motivation

Question 31

Which of the following scenarios exemplifies intrinsic value?

Accepted Answer

Engaging in an activity purely for personal enjoyment

Answer

Completing a task for monetary reward

Answer

Receiving external validation and praise

Answer

Avoiding negative outcomes

Question 32

When an individual possesses high Expectancy but low Value for a task, what motivational outcome is likely to occur according to Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

Low motivation

Answer

High motivation

Answer

Variable motivation

Answer

No motivation

Question 33

One limitation of Expectancy-Value Theory is that it:

Accepted Answer

Does not fully consider external factors influencing motivation

Answer

Is overly complex to implement in educational settings

Answer

Is exclusively applicable to academic settings

Question 34

How can teachers effectively apply Expectancy-Value Theory to enhance student motivation?

Accepted Answer

By fostering realistic expectations and emphasizing task relevance and value

Answer

By disregarding student beliefs and disregarding their feelings

Answer

By heavily relying on competition and high-stakes assessments

Question 35

Which assumption underpins Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

Individuals rationally make choices based on their beliefs and values

Answer

Social norms have no impact on motivation

Answer

Motivation is purely driven by basic physiological needs

Question 36

A key assumption of Expectancy-Value Theory is that an individual's motivation is influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Their beliefs about their ability to succeed and the value they place on the task.

Answer

External rewards and punishments.

Answer

Their past experiences with similar tasks.

Question 37

A potential consequence of low expectancy, according to Expectancy-Value Theory, is:

Accepted Answer

Reduced motivation and effort.

Answer

Increased self-efficacy.

Answer

Greater intrinsic value of the task.

Answer

Enhanced task performance.

Question 38

Teachers can leverage Expectancy-Value Theory to enhance student motivation by:

Accepted Answer

Providing clear expectations, setting attainable goals, and emphasizing the significance of learning.

Answer

Creating a competitive classroom environment.

Answer

Using extrinsic rewards to motivate students regardless of their performance.

Question 39

Within Expectancy-Value Theory, self-efficacy primarily influences:

Accepted Answer

Expectancy, by affecting individuals' beliefs about their ability to succeed.

Answer

Motivation directly, without affecting expectancy or value.

Answer

Value, by shaping individuals' perceptions of the task's importance.

Question 40

To increase a student's motivation based on Expectancy-Value Theory, it is most effective to:

Accepted Answer

Set realistic goals, provide specific feedback, and highlight the value of effort.

Answer

Provide rewards for any attempt made by the student.

Answer

Compare the student to classmates with higher expectancy.

Question 41

According to Expectancy-Value Theory, an individual's motivation is predominantly influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Expectancy and Value

Answer

Effort and Ability

Answer

Goal Orientation and Self-Efficacy

Answer

Intelligence and Achievement

Question 42

Value, in the context of Expectancy-Value Theory, primarily refers to:

Accepted Answer

The subjective importance and relevance of the task to the individual

Answer

The potential rewards associated with task completion

Answer

The amount of effort required to complete the task

Answer

The probability of successfully completing the task

Question 43

Which of the following is an effective strategy for teachers to enhance student motivation based on Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

Increasing both expectancy and value

Answer

Reducing effort and ability

Answer

Improving intelligence and achievement

Answer

Focusing primarily on goal orientation and self-efficacy

Question 44

An example of a strategy to increase expectancy is:

Accepted Answer

Providing students with opportunities to experience success

Answer

Setting unrealistically low expectations

Answer

Emphasizing the overwhelming difficulty of the task

Question 45

In Expectancy-Value Theory, how does value influence an individual's motivation?

Accepted Answer

It determines the level of effort the individual is willing to exert

Answer

It predicts the likelihood of success

Answer

It directly impacts the individual's ability

Question 46

Which of the following is a recognized limitation of Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

It does not explicitly consider the influence of cultural factors

Answer

It is highly predictive of motivation in all situations

Answer

It is not supported by substantial empirical evidence

Answer

It is difficult to apply in real-world educational settings

Question 47

For teachers aiming to incorporate Expectancy-Value Theory into their teaching practice, a suitable approach is to:

Accepted Answer

Design tasks that are challenging but achievable

Answer

Focus primarily on delivering negative consequences rather than positive rewards

Answer

Set excessively low expectations to boost student self-esteem

Question 48

How does Expectancy-Value Theory inform educational assessment practices?

Accepted Answer

Assessments should be fair and reflect student effort and ability

Answer

Assessments should be designed to lower student motivation

Answer

Assessments should be used solely for grading purposes

Question 49

Alex believes he's not good at math and doubts he can pass the upcoming algebra test, despite studying. Based on Expectancy-Value Theory, what is MOST likely affecting Alex's motivation?

Accepted Answer

Low expectancy for success

Answer

Low perceived value of learning algebra

Answer

High perceived cost of effort

Answer

External locus of control

Question 50

Ms. Johnson wants to boost her students' motivation for learning about fractions. Applying Expectancy-Value Theory, which strategy would be MOST effective?

Accepted Answer

Provide opportunities for students to experience success with fractions through scaffolding and differentiated instruction.

Answer

Offer extra credit for completing fraction-related activities.

Answer

Emphasize the importance of getting good grades in math.

Answer

Focus on the practical applications of fractions in real-life scenarios.

Question 51

According to Expectancy-Value Theory, a student is MORE likely to be motivated to learn when they:

Accepted Answer

Believe they can succeed and value the learning task.

Answer

Are pressured by parents or teachers to do well.

Answer

Perceive the task as easy and requiring minimal effort.

Answer

Are offered extrinsic rewards for their performance.

Question 52

Which example BEST illustrates the 'value' component of Expectancy-Value Theory?

Accepted Answer

A student enjoys writing poetry because it allows them to express their creativity.

Answer

A student chooses to study for an exam because they know it will improve their GPA.

Answer

A student believes they are capable of getting a good grade in science.

Answer

A student avoids participating in class discussions due to fear of public speaking.

Question 53

What is a limitation of Expectancy-Value Theory in explaining student motivation?

Accepted Answer

It does not fully account for the influence of emotional and social factors.

Answer

It only applies to students in certain cultural contexts.

Answer

It is not supported by empirical research in educational settings.

Answer

It oversimplifies the complex interplay of factors that influence motivation.