Introduction to Operating Systems: A Comprehensive Guide for Beginners

Question 1

In multitasking operating systems, which scheduling algorithm processes tasks in the order they are received?

Accepted Answer

First-in, first-out (FIFO)

Answer

Round-robin

Answer

Shortest job first (SJF)

Answer

Priority-based

Question 2

Classify the following operating systems according to their types: Windows 10, Linux Mint, and macOS Catalina.

Accepted Answer

Windows 10: Desktop, Linux Mint: Desktop/Server, macOS Catalina: Desktop

Answer

Windows 10: Server, Linux Mint: Mobile, macOS Catalina: Desktop

Answer

Windows 10: Desktop, Linux Mint: Server, macOS Catalina: Mobile

Question 3

The primary function of an operating system is to:

Accepted Answer

Manage hardware resources

Answer

Run application software

Answer

Store user data

Question 4

Which of the following is a core function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Process management

Answer

Word processing

Answer

Web browsing

Answer

Data processing

Question 5

The part of the operating system that manages the allocation and deallocation of memory resources is the:

Accepted Answer

Memory manager

Answer

Process manager

Answer

Device manager

Answer

File manager

Question 6

Which of the following is a common type of file system used in modern operating systems?

Accepted Answer

NTFS

Answer

CPU

Answer

RAM

Answer

BIOS

Question 7

In a multitasking operating system, applications can run:

Accepted Answer

Simultaneously

Answer

Randomly

Answer

Only one at a time

Answer

Sequentially

Question 8

Which of the following operating systems is a real-time operating system?

Accepted Answer

VxWorks

Answer

Android

Answer

Windows

Answer

macOS

Question 9

The component of the operating system that provides a user interface is the:

Accepted Answer

Shell

Answer

Kernel

Answer

Process

Answer

Driver

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a task handled by the process manager in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Managing user accounts

Answer

Creating and terminating processes

Answer

Allocating resources to processes

Answer

Scheduling processes

Question 11

A collection of programs that enhance the functionality of an operating system is called a:

Accepted Answer

Utility

Answer

File

Answer

Driver

Answer

Process

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an element of a graphical user interface (GUI)?

Accepted Answer

Command line

Answer

Icons

Answer

Windows

Answer

Menus

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Managing user preferences

Answer

Providing a user interface

Answer

Managing hardware resources

Answer

Executing application programs

Question 14

Which type of operating system is designed for high-performance computing systems?

Accepted Answer

Mainframe

Answer

Desktop

Answer

Embedded

Answer

Mobile

Question 15

What is the primary role of a process manager in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Creating and scheduling processes

Answer

Storing user data

Answer

Managing network connections

Answer

Providing security measures

Question 16

Which of the following is a primary objective of memory management in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Efficient allocation and utilization of memory resources

Answer

Managing network traffic

Answer

Controlling user access

Answer

Providing data encryption

Question 17

What is the purpose of a file system in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Organize and manage files and folders

Answer

Control user authentication

Answer

Handle network communication

Answer

Provide a graphical user interface

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of a multitasking operating system?

Accepted Answer

Increased time spent waiting for resources

Answer

Increased system throughput

Answer

Enhanced user productivity

Answer

Improved efficiency

Question 19

What is the role of a device driver in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Translate commands between the operating system and hardware devices

Answer

Provide encrypted communication

Answer

Manage application installations

Question 20

Which of the following is a key feature of a graphical user interface (GUI)?

Accepted Answer

Use of visual elements such as icons and menus

Answer

Limited user customization options

Answer

Batch processing capabilities

Answer

Command-line based interaction

Question 21

What is the primary goal of operating system security measures?

Accepted Answer

Protect against unauthorized access and malicious threats

Answer

Enhance system performance

Answer

Optimize user convenience

Question 22

Which of the following technologies enables the sharing of data and resources among connected devices?

Accepted Answer

Networking

Answer

Virtualization

Answer

Data compression

Answer

Cloud computing

Question 23

Which of the following is the primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Managing computer hardware and its resources

Answer

Viewing multimedia content

Answer

Browsing the internet

Answer

Creating text documents

Question 24

Which type of operating system is typically installed on a smartphone?

Accepted Answer

Mobile OS

Answer

Server OS

Answer

Desktop OS

Answer

Embedded OS

Question 25

What is the main purpose of a process in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To execute a set of instructions

Answer

To control input and output devices

Answer

To manage files and folders

Answer

To store data

Question 26

Which technique is commonly used by operating systems to manage memory?

Accepted Answer

Virtual memory

Answer

File compression

Answer

Disk formatting

Answer

Data encryption

Question 27

What is the primary role of a file system in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To organize and manage data storage on a physical device

Answer

To execute software applications

Answer

To manage computer processes

Question 28

Which of the following is an advantage of using a graphical user interface (GUI) in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced user-friendliness for novice users

Answer

Reduced memory consumption

Answer

Faster system performance

Answer

Improved system security

Question 29

What is the main purpose of a device driver in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate communication and interaction between the operating system and hardware devices

Answer

To manage the file system

Answer

To run software applications

Question 30

Which of the following is a characteristic of a multi-tasking operating system?

Accepted Answer

Allows multiple programs or tasks to run concurrently

Answer

Specifically designed for mobile phones

Answer

Used exclusively in embedded systems

Question 31

What is the function of a shell in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Provides a user interface for interacting with the operating system

Answer

Manages the computer's memory

Answer

Executes software programs

Question 32

What is the fundamental role of a file system within an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Organizes and manages files on storage devices.

Answer

Executes user instructions

Answer

Controls access to hardware components

Answer

Schedules tasks and processes

Question 33

Which type of operating system kernel handles only the essential functions, while other services are managed by user-level programs?

Accepted Answer

Microkernel

Answer

Monolithic kernel

Answer

Hybrid kernel

Answer

Nanokernel

Question 34

What is the primary objective of process management in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Control and coordinate the execution of multiple tasks simultaneously.

Answer

Store and retrieve user data

Answer

Provide a user-friendly interface

Answer

Manage system security

Question 35

Which scheduling algorithm prioritizes executing shorter processes first?

Accepted Answer

Shortest Job First (SJF)

Answer

First Come First Serve (FCFS)

Answer

Priority

Answer

Round Robin

Question 36

What is the fundamental distinction between a graphical user interface (GUI) and a command-line interface (CLI)?

Accepted Answer

GUI utilizes visual elements, whereas CLI relies on text commands.

Answer

CLI is more secure than GUI

Answer

GUI requires more system resources than CLI

Answer

GUI is more efficient than CLI

Question 37

What is the primary purpose of the boot sector in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Contains instructions to initialize the system and load the operating system into memory.

Answer

Stores critical system configuration data

Answer

Manages user accounts and permissions

Answer

Provides a recovery mechanism in case of system failure

Question 38

Which file system is commonly used in Windows operating systems?

Accepted Answer

NTFS

Answer

ext4

Answer

FAT32

Answer

HFS+

Question 39

What is the primary function of a device driver in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Facilitates communication between the operating system and hardware devices.

Answer

Provides a user interface for interacting with the system

Answer

Schedules and executes processes

Answer

Manages memory allocation and utilization

Question 40

What is the main job of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To manage hardware and software resources

Answer

To run apps like games and web browsers

Answer

To display images and text on the screen

Answer

To save files and information

Question 41

Which of these is NOT a main part of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Apps like games and web browsers

Answer

The system that organizes files

Answer

The core program that controls everything

Answer

The part that manages the computer's memory

Question 42

What does a file system do in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Organizes how data is saved and accessed

Answer

Connects to devices like printers and keyboards

Answer

Gives memory space to programs

Answer

Decides the order programs run in

Question 43

Which type of operating system is made for many users on a large network?

Accepted Answer

Server OS

Answer

Desktop OS

Answer

Mobile OS

Answer

Embedded OS

Question 44

What is virtual memory used for in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

It acts like extra memory space for the system

Answer

It protects the system from crashing

Answer

It stores data that is used often

Answer

It makes the system run faster

Question 45

What is the main job of a process scheduler?

Accepted Answer

To decide which programs get to use the CPU and for how long

Answer

To keep the system safe from harm

Answer

To control how files are accessed

Answer

To manage data coming in and out of the system

Question 46

What is the difference between a batch operating system and a time-sharing operating system?

Accepted Answer

Batch systems run programs one after the other, while time-sharing systems let many users work at the same time

Answer

Batch systems are simpler to use than time-sharing systems

Answer

Batch systems run programs faster than time-sharing systems

Answer

Batch systems are used on older computers, while time-sharing systems are used on newer computers

Question 47

What is the main purpose of a device driver?

Accepted Answer

To connect hardware and software

Answer

To protect the system from harmful programs

Answer

To organize files and folders

Answer

To decide which programs run first

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Providing applications for specific tasks (e.g., word processing, web browsing)

Answer

Managing system resources (e.g., CPU, memory, storage)

Answer

Providing a user interface for user interaction with the computer

Question 49

What is the best definition of a process?

Accepted Answer

An instance of a program that is running on the computer.

Answer

A collection of files related to a particular application.

Answer

The physical hardware components of a computer system.

Question 50

Which technique is commonly used by operating systems to manage memory?

Accepted Answer

Virtual Memory

Answer

Solid State Drive

Answer

Random Access Memory

Answer

Physical Memory

Question 51

What is the primary role of a file system in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To organize and manage files and folders on storage devices.

Answer

To provide a graphical user interface.

Answer

To execute applications and programs.

Question 52

Which operating system is widely recognized as open source?

Accepted Answer

Linux

Answer

Windows

Answer

macOS

Answer

Android

Question 53

A user interface that utilizes menus, icons, and a mouse for user interaction is called a(n):

Accepted Answer

Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Answer

Command Line Interface (CLI)

Answer

System Call Interface

Answer

Application Programming Interface (API)

Question 54

What is the purpose of a device driver in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To provide a software interface between the operating system and hardware.

Answer

To schedule and execute programs efficiently.

Answer

To manage user accounts and permissions.

Question 55

Which of the following best describes a key feature of multitasking operating systems?

Accepted Answer

They can run multiple applications simultaneously.

Answer

They are limited to managing activities for a single user.

Answer

They can only execute system applications.

Answer

They can only perform one task at a time.

Question 56

Which operating system is commonly found on mobile devices?

Accepted Answer

Android

Answer

macOS

Answer

Linux

Answer

Windows

Question 57

What is a system call in the context of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

A request initiated by an application to access operating system services.

Answer

A command entered by a user through the command-line interface.

Answer

A software program that manages hardware components.