Galaxies: Unraveling the Mysteries of Starry Systems

Question 1

Which celestial object is NOT classified as a type of galaxy?

Accepted Answer

Quasar

Answer

Elliptical

Answer

Spiral

Answer

Irregular

Question 2

What is a defining characteristic of an elliptical galaxy?

Accepted Answer

Spheroidal shape

Answer

Spiral structure

Answer

Absence of a nucleus

Question 3

Galaxies aren't scattered randomly.  Where do they typically group together in the universe?

Accepted Answer

In clusters, superclusters, and even larger structures.

Answer

As isolated systems, spread out randomly.

Answer

Within vast empty spaces, called cosmic voids.

Answer

Only within the Milky Way's disk.

Question 4

Which galaxy classification describes the Milky Way?

Accepted Answer

Spiral galaxy

Answer

Elliptical galaxy

Answer

Irregular galaxy

Answer

Lenticular galaxy

Question 5

Identify the supermassive black hole at the heart of the Milky Way galaxy.

Accepted Answer

Sagittarius A

Answer

Cygnus X-1

Answer

M87

Answer

TON 618

Question 6

Which galaxy type exhibits a large, diffuse halo without a well-defined structure?

Accepted Answer

Irregular galaxy

Answer

Elliptical galaxy

Answer

Spiral galaxy

Answer

Lenticular galaxy

Question 7

Identify the instrument that played a crucial role in detecting the cosmic microwave background radiation.

Accepted Answer

COBE satellite

Answer

Hubble Space Telescope

Answer

Chandra X-ray Observatory

Answer

Spitzer Space Telescope

Question 8

What type of cosmic environment is known for significant star formation within galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Molecular clouds

Answer

Diffuse nebulae

Answer

Planetary systems

Answer

Supernova remnants

Question 9

Which term describes a galaxy with a distorted or elongated shape caused by gravitational interactions?

Accepted Answer

Tidal galaxy

Answer

Interacting galaxy

Answer

Merging galaxy

Answer

Colliding galaxy

Question 10

What is the name of the theoretical substance believed to make up most of the mass of galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Cold dark matter

Answer

Luminiferous aether

Answer

Hot dark matter

Answer

Baryonic matter

Question 11

Which type of galaxy has a barred structure?

Accepted Answer

Spiral

Answer

Elliptical

Answer

Lenticular

Answer

Irregular

Question 12

Which of the following is a characteristic of elliptical galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Smooth, featureless appearance

Answer

Irregular shape

Answer

Spiral arms

Answer

Active star formation

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a part of the interstellar medium?

Accepted Answer

Rock

Answer

Gas

Answer

Dust

Answer

Plasma

Question 14

Which theory describes the development of galaxies from collapsing dark matter halos?

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical galaxy formation

Answer

General relativity

Answer

Quantum mechanics

Answer

Big Bang theory

Question 15

Which of the following is not a type of galaxy, according to the Hubble Sequence?

Accepted Answer

Globular

Answer

Elliptical

Answer

Spiral

Answer

Irregular

Question 16

What is the name of the supermassive black hole at the center of our Milky Way galaxy?

Accepted Answer

Sagittarius A*

Answer

M87 Black Hole

Answer

Ton 618

Answer

Cygnus X-1

Question 17

Which type of galaxy is characterized by a flat disc and prominent spiral arms?

Accepted Answer

Spiral

Answer

Elliptical

Answer

Lenticular

Answer

Barred Spiral

Question 18

What is the process by which galaxies merge and combine?

Accepted Answer

Galactic collision

Answer

Gravitational lensing

Answer

Supernova explosion

Answer

Quasar formation

Question 19

What is the name of the largest known galaxy in the observable universe?

Accepted Answer

IC 1101

Answer

UGC 2885

Answer

NGC 4889

Answer

M87

Question 20

Which of the following is not a component of galactic structure?

Accepted Answer

Planets

Answer

Stars

Answer

Gas clouds

Answer

Dark matter

Question 21

What is the Hubble Sequence?

Accepted Answer

A classification scheme for galaxies based on their appearance

Answer

A theory of hierarchical galaxy formation

Answer

A technique for measuring galactic distances

Answer

A model for stellar evolution

Question 22

What is the name of the supermassive black hole at the center of our galaxy, the Milky Way?

Accepted Answer

Sagittarius A*

Answer

Cygnus X-1

Answer

M87*

Answer

Ton 618

Question 23

Which galaxy is the Milky Way's closest galactic neighbor?

Accepted Answer

Large Magellanic Cloud

Answer

Andromeda Galaxy

Answer

Small Magellanic Cloud

Answer

Triangulum Galaxy

Question 24

What is the name of the mysterious force that is believed to be causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate?

Accepted Answer

Dark energy

Answer

Dark matter

Answer

Gravitational lensing

Answer

Cosmic inflation

Question 25

Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of elliptical galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Regular, symmetrical shape

Answer

Young stars

Answer

Large amounts of gas and dust

Answer

Prominent spiral arms

Question 26

Approximately how far is the Andromeda Galaxy from Earth?

Accepted Answer

2.5 million light-years

Answer

1 million light-years

Answer

4 million light-years

Answer

6 million light-years

Question 27

How does dark matter primarily contribute to the formation and evolution of galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Dark matter influences the dynamics and structure of galaxies.

Answer

Dark matter has no significant impact on galaxy formation and evolution.

Answer

Dark matter provides the raw materials for star formation.

Answer

Dark matter is responsible for the emission of visible light from galaxies.

Question 28

At the center of our Milky Way galaxy lies a supermassive black hole known as:

Accepted Answer

Sagittarius A*

Answer

Andromeda Black Hole

Answer

Cygnus X-1

Answer

M87 Black Hole

Question 29

Which type of galaxy typically exhibits an elliptical shape and minimal star formation?

Accepted Answer

Elliptical galaxy

Answer

Spiral galaxy

Answer

Irregular galaxy

Answer

Barred spiral galaxy

Question 30

The observed shift in wavelength of light from distant galaxies, indicating the expansion of the universe, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Redshift

Answer

Hubble's Law

Answer

Doppler effect

Answer

Cosmic microwave background

Question 31

Of all known galaxies in the universe, the most massive is:

Accepted Answer

UGC 2885

Answer

Milky Way

Answer

Andromeda Galaxy

Answer

IC 1101

Question 32

Based on observations of the most distant galaxies, scientists estimate the age of the universe to be approximately:

Accepted Answer

13.8 billion years

Answer

11.5 billion years

Answer

15.4 billion years

Answer

9.6 billion years

Question 33

The concept that galaxies form and develop through the gradual merging of smaller structures is known as the:

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical galaxy formation theory

Answer

Steady-state theory

Answer

Big Bang theory

Answer

Quantum gravity theory

Question 34

What are cosmic voids, and how do they help us understand the large-scale structure of the universe?

Accepted Answer

Cosmic voids are vast, empty regions in space with few or no galaxies.

Answer

Cosmic voids are areas where galaxies are tightly packed together.

Answer

Cosmic voids have little impact on the distribution of galaxies in the universe.

Answer

Cosmic voids are created by the gravitational pull of nearby galaxies.

Question 35

What groundbreaking discovery did the Hubble Deep Field image make about the early universe and the formation of galaxies?

Accepted Answer

It showed protogalactic structures and distant galaxies in the early universe.

Answer

It revealed the existence of black holes in the early universe.

Answer

It proved the theory of cosmic inflation.

Question 36

Which of the following is not a type of galaxy according to their shape?

Accepted Answer

Globular

Answer

Elliptical

Answer

Spiral

Answer

Irregular

Question 37

What is the predominant element found in stars within galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Helium

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Iron

Question 38

What is the name of the supermassive black hole located at the center of our Milky Way galaxy?

Accepted Answer

Sagittarius A

Answer

M87

Answer

Cygnus X-1

Answer

V404 Cygni

Question 39

Who proposed the concept of an expanding universe based on observations of galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Edwin Hubble

Answer

Nicolaus Copernicus

Answer

Albert Einstein

Answer

Isaac Newton

Question 40

Which of the following is believed to be the primary mechanism driving the formation of galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Gravitational collapse

Answer

Cosmic expansion

Answer

Electromagnetic forces

Answer

Nuclear fusion

Question 41

Which of the following is not a characteristic commonly associated with active galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Symmetrical shape

Answer

Strong radio emissions

Answer

High luminosity

Answer

Presence of a supermassive black hole

Question 42

What is the name of the hypothetical matter believed to make up a large portion of the universe's mass and influence galaxy formation?

Accepted Answer

Dark matter

Answer

Neutrons

Answer

Quarks

Answer

Antimatter

Question 43

What is the name of the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy?

Accepted Answer

Sagittarius A*

Answer

GRO J1655-40

Answer

V404 Cygni

Answer

Cygnus X-1

Question 44

Which of the following forces does NOT influence the motion of stars within a galaxy?

Accepted Answer

Electromagnetic force

Answer

Tidal force

Answer

Centrifugal force

Answer

Gravitational force

Question 45

What is the term for the large-scale structure formed by gravitationally bound clusters of galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Supercluster

Answer

Globular cluster

Answer

Molecular cloud

Answer

Galaxy group

Question 46

Who developed the first comprehensive classification system for galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Edwin Hubble

Answer

Isaac Newton

Answer

Albert Einstein

Answer

Galileo Galilei

Question 47

What phenomenon is responsible for the shift in the color of light from distant galaxies towards the red end of the spectrum?

Accepted Answer

Redshift

Answer

Blueshift

Answer

Cosmic microwave background

Answer

Gravitational lensing

Question 48

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of elliptical galaxies?

Accepted Answer

Smooth, spheroidal shape

Answer

Irregular shapes

Answer

Spiral arms

Question 49

What type of galaxy is the Milky Way classified as?

Accepted Answer

Barred spiral galaxy

Answer

Elliptical galaxy

Answer

Irregular galaxy

Answer

Lenticular galaxy

Question 50

What are the primary components of interstellar matter?

Accepted Answer

Gas and dust

Answer

Black holes

Answer

Planets

Answer

Stars

Question 51

Which hypothesis proposes that galaxies continuously expel matter into the intergalactic space?

Accepted Answer

Galactic wind model

Answer

Dark matter theory

Answer

Big Bang theory

Answer

Expansion of the universe theory