Ethics and Values in World Religions: An Interactive Learning Journey

Question 1

Which religious tradition explicitly emphasizes the principle of non-violence?

Accepted Answer

Buddhism

Answer

Christianity

Answer

Islam

Answer

Hinduism

Question 2

According to Christian teachings, what is believed to be the ultimate source of moral guidance?

Accepted Answer

God's divine commands

Answer

Human reason

Answer

Cultural conventions

Answer

Natural instincts

Question 3

Within Islam, which term refers to the comprehensive divine law that guides human conduct?

Accepted Answer

Sharia

Answer

Hadith

Answer

Sunnah

Answer

Fiqh

Question 4

Which ethical framework focuses on the consequences of actions and their impact on human well-being?

Accepted Answer

Teleology

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Natural law

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 5

Which concept in Hinduism refers to the continuous cycle of birth, death, and rebirth?

Accepted Answer

Samsara

Answer

Karma

Answer

Moksha

Answer

Dharma

Question 6

According to Sikhism, what is considered to be the ultimate goal of human life?

Accepted Answer

Serving others

Answer

Living in harmony with nature

Answer

Attaining spiritual enlightenment

Answer

Achieving material success

Question 7

How do religious teachings typically navigate the balance between individual rights and societal responsibilities?

Accepted Answer

Finding a balance between individual rights and collective obligations

Answer

Prioritizing individual freedoms over societal duties

Answer

Sacrificing individual desires for the collective's well-being

Question 8

How do religious institutions impact ethical decision-making in society? Consider both their positive and negative influences.

Accepted Answer

Religious institutions can both promote and hinder ethical decision-making, depending on the context and interpretation of religious teachings.

Answer

Religious institutions always promote ethical decision-making.

Answer

Religious institutions always hinder ethical decision-making.

Question 9

Which principle is NOT a fundamental tenet of Kantian ethics?

Accepted Answer

Pursue happiness as the ultimate goal of life.

Answer

Act only according to the maxim by which you can, at the same time, will that it should become a universal law.

Answer

Treat others as ends in themselves, never as means to an end.

Question 10

In Buddhism, which principle is considered a core ethical foundation?

Accepted Answer

Compassion

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Absolutism

Question 11

According to Judeo-Christian ethics, what is the primary source of moral authority?

Accepted Answer

Religious texts and teachings

Answer

Human reason

Answer

Cultural traditions

Answer

Personal values

Question 12

Which ethical principle emphasizes treating others with compassion and respect, regardless of their differences?

Accepted Answer

Golden Rule

Answer

Kantianism

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 13

In Hinduism, which concept refers to the belief that every action has corresponding consequences?

Accepted Answer

Karma

Answer

Dharma

Answer

Moksha

Answer

Samsara

Question 14

How does the concept of social justice relate to ethics and morality?

Accepted Answer

It promotes fairness and equality within society

Answer

It emphasizes individual rights and freedoms

Answer

It focuses on upholding traditional values

Answer

It supports the rule of law

Question 15

Which ethical dilemma involves weighing the importance of individual privacy against the need for public safety?

Accepted Answer

The use of surveillance technologies for security vs. privacy

Answer

The right to free speech vs. hate speech

Answer

The allocation of resources for individual vs. societal needs

Answer

The right to choose medical treatment vs. the duty to preserve life

Question 16

How does the principle of autonomy impact ethical decision-making in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

It allows individuals to make choices about their own medical care

Answer

It requires healthcare professionals to consult with patients

Answer

It overrides the need for informed consent

Answer

It applies only to terminally ill patients

Question 17

Which ethical principle emphasizes the importance of treating others equitably, regardless of their differences?

Accepted Answer

Justice

Answer

Mercy

Answer

Integrity

Answer

Honesty

Question 18

According to Confucian ethics, the highest virtue is:

Accepted Answer

Ren (benevolence)

Answer

Li (ritual propriety)

Answer

Yi (righteousness)

Answer

Zhi (wisdom)

Question 19

Which ethical theory contends that the rightness or wrongness of an action is solely determined by its consequences?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Absolutism

Question 20

The principle that one should treat others as one would want to be treated is known as:

Accepted Answer

The Golden Rule

Answer

The Categorical Imperative

Answer

The Veil of Ignorance

Answer

The Harm Principle

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a common argument for the existence of God?

Accepted Answer

The argument from aesthetics

Answer

The cosmological argument

Answer

The teleological argument

Answer

The ontological argument

Question 22

The belief that all human beings possess inherent worth and dignity, regardless of their circumstances, is known as:

Accepted Answer

Humanism

Answer

Theism

Answer

Atheism

Answer

Agnosticism

Question 23

Which of the following ethical values is commonly emphasized by major world religions?

Accepted Answer

Love and compassion

Answer

Material prosperity and power

Answer

Revenge and violence

Answer

Selfishness and indifference

Question 24

How does religion typically influence moral decision-making processes?

Accepted Answer

By encouraging critical reflection on values and potential outcomes.

Answer

By providing clear and absolute rules.

Answer

By promoting blind adherence to religious authorities.

Answer

By disregarding the significance of personal judgment.

Question 25

How does religion contribute to the development of ethical values within a society?

Accepted Answer

By providing a shared foundation of beliefs and practices that guide behavior.

Answer

By instilling fear of divine punishment for wrongdoings.

Answer

By promoting individualism and personal autonomy in ethical choices.

Answer

By actively undermining traditional moral values.

Question 26

What is the primary objective of ethical philosophy?

Accepted Answer

To establish universal moral principles through rational reasoning.

Answer

To promote the values and teachings of specific religions.

Answer

To provide practical guidance on how to live a virtuous life.

Answer

To critique and analyze the ethical systems of different religions.

Question 27

Which ethical theory emphasizes the significance of consequences in determining the morality of actions?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Ethical relativism

Question 28

How can individuals navigate ethical differences that arise from diverse religious and secular perspectives?

Accepted Answer

By embracing a pluralistic approach that acknowledges and respects multiple viewpoints.

Answer

By rejecting religious ethics as irrational and flawed.

Answer

By attempting to convert others to their own beliefs.

Answer

By ignoring ethical differences and solely focusing on common ground.

Question 29

Which of the following is a fundamental ethical principle shared by many world religions?

Accepted Answer

Treat others as you want to be treated

Answer

The strongest should lead

Answer

Punish people severely for wrongdoings

Answer

Children should be strictly disciplined

Question 30

In Confucianism, what is the primary consideration for deciding whether an action is right or wrong?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining social harmony

Answer

God's commands

Answer

Individual feelings

Answer

The consequences for the most people

Question 31

According to Christian teachings, what is the root cause of sinful behavior?

Accepted Answer

Sin inherited from Adam and Eve

Answer

External pressures from society

Answer

Lack of education and knowledge

Answer

Possession by evil spirits

Question 32

In Confucianism, which virtue is considered the most fundamental?

Accepted Answer

Benevolence (ren)

Answer

Righteousness (yi)

Answer

Propriety (li)

Answer

Trustworthiness (xin)

Question 33

In Islam, which set of rules governs both religious and secular aspects of life?

Accepted Answer

Sharia

Answer

Quran

Answer

Sunnah

Answer

Hadith

Question 34

Which Buddhist principle emphasizes showing kindness and empathy towards all living beings?

Accepted Answer

Compassion

Answer

Non-harming

Answer

Renunciation

Answer

Selflessness

Question 35

In Judeo-Christian ethics, what is the ultimate authority for moral behavior?

Accepted Answer

God's commandments

Answer

Human reasoning

Answer

Social norms

Answer

Personal conscience

Question 36

Which ethical theory prioritizes acting according to universal principles that apply to all, regardless of personal desires or societal expectations?

Accepted Answer

Kantianism

Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Altruism

Answer

Ethical egoism

Question 37

In contemporary bioethics, what ethical principle is central to decision-making regarding end-of-life care?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Paternalism

Question 38

According to virtue ethics, which concept is central to ethical living?

Accepted Answer

Eudaimonia

Answer

Natural law

Answer

Categorical imperative

Answer

Utilitarianism

Question 39

The ethical theory that prioritizes maximizing overall happiness is known as:

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Existentialism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 40

Which of the following is a common ethical principle emphasized by many religions?

Accepted Answer

Respect for life and dignity

Answer

Pursuit of material wealth

Answer

Acceptance of social inequality

Answer

Sanctity of tradition

Question 41

Which religious tradition particularly emphasizes the concept of ahimsa, or non-violence?

Accepted Answer

Buddhism

Answer

Christianity

Answer

Islam

Answer

Hinduism

Question 42

How do religious beliefs often influence moral decision-making?

Accepted Answer

By providing a framework of values and principles

Answer

By promoting unquestioning obedience to authority

Answer

By encouraging individuals to prioritize personal gain

Answer

By discouraging critical reflection

Question 43

Which ethical concept is central to Confucian philosophy?

Accepted Answer

Ren

Answer

Karma

Answer

Moksha

Answer

Nirvana

Question 44

How does religion contribute to the formation of moral norms within a society?

Accepted Answer

By transmitting values and shaping social customs

Answer

By imposing strict laws and punishments

Answer

By fostering a sense of social cohesion

Answer

By suppressing individual freedom

Question 45

Which ethical principle is shared by many religions and emphasized in the concept of the Golden Rule?

Accepted Answer

Treat others as you want to be treated.

Answer

Maximize happiness for the greatest number.

Answer

Follow the dictates of your conscience.

Answer

Seek enlightenment through self-denial.

Question 46

How can religious teachings contribute to resolving ethical dilemmas?

Accepted Answer

By providing guidelines and support that help individuals navigate difficult choices.

Answer

By offering simplistic and absolute solutions that may not apply to all situations.

Answer

By eliminating personal responsibility and suggesting that one should always blindly follow religious rules.

Answer

By promoting blind faith without providing a framework for critical thinking.

Question 47

Which religious tradition emphasizes the concept of karma, the belief that actions have consequences?

Accepted Answer

Hinduism

Answer

Christianity

Answer

Buddhism

Answer

Islam

Question 48

How does religion influence the development of moral values in individuals?

Accepted Answer

By providing a set of beliefs, teachings, and rituals that shape individuals' understanding of right and wrong.

Answer

By demanding blind obedience to authority figures and suppressing individual conscience.

Answer

By encouraging selfish behavior and promoting personal gain over the well-being of others.

Answer

By restricting personal freedom and limiting individuals' ability to make their own moral choices.

Question 49

Which ethical principle emphasizes respecting the autonomy and decision-making capacity of individuals?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Beneficence

Question 50

According to the Golden Rule, individuals should treat others in the same way

Accepted Answer

they would like to be treated.

Answer

society expects them to be treated.

Answer

they expect to be treated.

Answer

they are treated by others.

Question 51

Which moral theory prioritizes promoting the most good for the greatest number of people?

Accepted Answer

Utilitarianism

Answer

Deontology

Answer

Absolutism

Answer

Virtue ethics

Question 52

Which type of ethical dilemma involves a conflict between two equally important but opposing duties?

Accepted Answer

Moral dilemma

Answer

Ethical paradox

Answer

Moral relativism

Answer

Moral absolutism

Question 53

According to Immanuel Kant's categorical imperative, an action is morally right if

Accepted Answer

it follows a universal moral law that would apply to all rational beings.

Answer

it produces the most beneficial outcome for the majority of individuals involved.

Answer

it aligns with the teachings of a particular religion or moral code.

Question 54

Which ethical system emphasizes living in accordance with reason and developing virtuous character traits?

Accepted Answer

Virtue ethics

Answer

Kantianism

Answer

Consequentialism

Answer

Existentialism

Question 55

The ethical principle of confidentiality involves

Accepted Answer

protecting and respecting the privacy of personal information entrusted to one's care.

Answer

adhering to established rules and regulations, even when they conflict with personal beliefs.

Answer

treating all individuals fairly and impartially, regardless of their background or circumstances.

Answer

striking a balance between maximizing benefits and minimizing potential harm in decision-making.

Question 56

Which ethical concern highlights the importance of protecting the environment and future generations?

Accepted Answer

Sustainability

Answer

Privacy

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Animal rights

Question 57

The concept of 'moral relativism' suggests that

Accepted Answer

moral values vary depending on societal and cultural contexts

Answer

moral values can be derived from religious scriptures alone

Answer

moral values are absolute and unchanging