Biology of Behavior Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge of the Brain and Behavior

Question 1

Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in regulating mood, sleep, and appetite?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

GABA

Answer

Dopamine

Question 2

The process of communication between neurons is called:

Accepted Answer

Synaptic transmission

Answer

Action potential

Answer

Neurogenesis

Answer

Myelination

Question 3

Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating movement and balance?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Thalamus

Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

Pituitary gland

Question 4

A researcher wants to study the effects of a new drug on memory. They divide participants into two groups: one group receives the drug, and the other receives a placebo. What type of research method is this?

Accepted Answer

Experiment

Answer

Case study

Answer

Naturalistic observation

Answer

Correlational study

Question 5

The autonomic nervous system is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Regulating involuntary bodily functions

Answer

Generating thoughts and emotions

Answer

Processing sensory information

Answer

Controlling voluntary movements

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT part of the limbic system?

Accepted Answer

Cerebellum

Answer

Amygdala

Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

Hypothalamus

Question 7

The release of dopamine is associated with feelings of:

Accepted Answer

Pleasure and reward

Answer

Calmness and relaxation

Answer

Fear and anxiety

Answer

Sadness and depression

Question 8

Damage to the prefrontal cortex might lead to difficulties with:

Accepted Answer

Planning, decision-making, and impulse control

Answer

Motor coordination

Answer

Language comprehension

Answer

Visual perception

Question 9

The brain's ability to change and adapt in response to experience is called:

Accepted Answer

Neural plasticity

Answer

Synaptic pruning

Answer

Neurogenesis

Answer

Lateralization

Question 10

After a stroke, a patient has trouble understanding and speaking. Which brain region is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's area

Answer

Broca's area

Answer

Hippocampus

Question 11

Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in regulating mood, sleep, and appetite?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 12

A researcher wants to study the electrical activity in the brain of a participant while they solve a complex puzzle. Which neuroimaging technique would be most suitable?

Accepted Answer

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Answer

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)

Answer

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Answer

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Question 13

A person with a genetic predisposition for anxiety might experience heightened anxiety in stressful situations. This illustrates the interaction between:

Accepted Answer

Genetics and environment

Answer

Brain structure and personality

Answer

Cognitive biases and learned behaviors

Answer

Neurotransmitters and hormones

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT part of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Brain

Answer

Spinal cord

Answer

Somatic nervous system

Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Question 15

A patient with damage to the cerebellum is likely to have trouble with:

Accepted Answer

Coordination and balance

Answer

Language processing

Answer

Memory formation

Answer

Emotional regulation

Question 16

The release of adrenaline during a stressful event is mainly controlled by the:

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer

Somatic nervous system

Answer

Central nervous system

Question 17

A researcher wants to study how different levels of dopamine affect reward-seeking behavior in rats. What research method would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Experimental

Answer

Correlational

Answer

Descriptive

Answer

Case study

Question 18

The process by which neurons communicate with each other through the release of chemical messengers is called:

Accepted Answer

Synaptic transmission

Answer

Action potential

Answer

Myelination

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the endocrine system is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It uses hormones to regulate long-term processes like growth and metabolism.

Answer

Its messages travel through the nervous system.

Answer

It directly controls rapid responses like muscle contractions.

Question 20

A patient has difficulty controlling their emotions and impulsive behaviors after a brain injury. Which brain structure was likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Prefrontal cortex

Answer

Amygdala

Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 21

Which neurotransmitter is primarily linked to mood regulation and is often targeted by medications used to treat depression?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

GABA

Answer

Dopamine

Question 22

A researcher wants to study the brain's activity in response to fear-inducing stimuli. Which brain imaging technique would be most appropriate for this research?

Accepted Answer

fMRI

Answer

EEG

Answer

CT scan

Answer

PET scan

Question 23

After a stroke, a patient struggles to speak fluently. Which brain region was likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Broca's area

Answer

Wernicke's area

Answer

Motor cortex

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT part of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Hypothalamus

Answer

Autonomic nervous system

Answer

Somatic nervous system

Question 25

A student is studying for an exam and experiences a surge of energy and alertness. Which division of the autonomic nervous system is likely activated?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Somatic nervous system

Answer

Central nervous system

Answer

Parasympathetic nervous system

Question 26

A researcher wants to investigate the role of genetics in determining personality traits. Which research approach would be most suitable?

Accepted Answer

Twin studies

Answer

Correlational studies

Answer

Case studies

Answer

Experimental studies

Question 27

Which of the following is an example of a behavioral adaptation that can be significantly influenced by the environment?

Accepted Answer

Learning a new language

Answer

Having a specific blood type

Answer

Being naturally tall

Answer

Having blue eyes

Question 28

A patient experiences tremors and difficulty coordinating movement. Which neurotransmitter is likely involved in this condition?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

GABA

Question 29

A researcher is investigating the impact of stress on the immune system. Which biological process is most likely to be directly affected by stress?

Accepted Answer

Hormonal regulation

Answer

Synaptic transmission

Answer

Genetic inheritance

Answer

Brain plasticity

Question 30

After a traumatic brain injury, John has trouble creating new memories. Which part of John's brain is likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Hippocampus

Answer

Medulla oblongata

Answer

Amygdala

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 31

Which neurotransmitter is primarily linked to mood regulation and is a frequent target of antidepressant medications?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Question 32

The 'fight-or-flight' response, characterized by increased heart rate and rapid breathing, is mainly controlled by which part of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic Nervous System

Answer

Central Nervous System

Answer

Parasympathetic Nervous System

Answer

Somatic Nervous System

Question 33

A stroke patient experiences paralysis on the right side of their body. Which part of their brain was most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Left Hemisphere

Answer

Brain Stem

Answer

Right Hemisphere

Answer

Cerebellum

Question 34

Which brain imaging technique measures brain activity by detecting changes in blood flow and oxygen use?

Accepted Answer

fMRI

Answer

EEG

Answer

PET scan

Answer

CAT scan

Question 35

Damage to the occipital lobe would most likely lead to which of these impairments?

Accepted Answer

Visual disturbances

Answer

Paralysis

Answer

Loss of smell

Answer

Hearing loss

Question 36

The process of synaptic pruning, where unused connections between neurons are eliminated, is most active during which stage of life?

Accepted Answer

Adolescence

Answer

Infancy

Answer

Old age

Answer

Adulthood

Question 37

Which hormone, released by the pineal gland, plays a key role in regulating sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin

Question 38

The theory of evolution by natural selection states that:

Accepted Answer

Individuals with traits that help them survive and reproduce are more likely to pass those traits on to their offspring.

Answer

Traits acquired during an organism's lifetime are inherited by offspring.

Question 39

Genetic predisposition refers to:

Accepted Answer

An increased chance of developing a specific trait or disorder due to inherited genes.

Answer

Environmental factors that directly cause a specific trait.

Answer

The guaranteed expression of a trait due to genetic inheritance.