Motion and Forces: Master Newton's Laws and Energy Concepts

Question 1

An object's velocity-time graph is a straight line with a positive slope. What type of motion does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Motion with constant acceleration

Answer

Motion with constant velocity

Answer

Motion with decreasing acceleration

Question 2

A car of mass 'm' travels around a curve of radius 'r' at a constant speed. What is the magnitude of the centripetal force acting on the car?

Accepted Answer

mv^2/r

Answer

ma

Answer

mvr

Answer

0

Question 3

A spring is stretched by two opposing forces, causing it to extend. If the force applied to the spring increases, what happens to the extension of the spring?

Accepted Answer

Increases

Answer

Decreases

Answer

Stays the same

Question 4

A block of ice slides across a flat surface. Which of the following describes the forces acting on the block and the role of friction in its motion?

Accepted Answer

Gravity pulls the block down, while friction opposes its movement.

Answer

Gravity and friction combine to create a net force in the direction of the block's motion.

Answer

Friction is negligible, and gravity keeps the block moving at a constant speed.

Question 5

An astronaut in space pushes a satellite with a force of 50 N. According to Newton's Third Law of Motion, what is the force exerted by the satellite on the astronaut?

Accepted Answer

50 N in the opposite direction

Answer

0 N

Answer

100 N in the same direction

Answer

25 N in the same direction

Question 6

Two objects, a baseball and a bowling ball, are moving at the same speed. Which object has more kinetic energy? Explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

The bowling ball has more kinetic energy because it has more mass.

Answer

The baseball has more kinetic energy because it is moving faster.

Answer

Both objects have the same kinetic energy because they are moving at the same speed.

Answer

The question cannot be answered without knowing the masses of the objects.

Question 7

What type of force acts when two objects are in contact with each other?

Accepted Answer

Frictional force

Answer

Gravitational force

Answer

Magnetic force

Answer

Electrical force

Question 8

A charged particle is moving through a magnetic field. What is the direction of the magnetic force on the particle?

Accepted Answer

Perpendicular to the magnetic field

Answer

Parallel to the magnetic field

Answer

In the same direction as the particle's motion

Answer

In the opposite direction as the particle's motion

Question 9

What is the SI unit of energy?

Accepted Answer

Joule

Answer

Watt

Answer

Newton

Answer

Meter

Question 10

According to Newton's second law of motion, an object's acceleration is directly proportional to:

Accepted Answer

The force acting on it

Answer

Its mass

Answer

Its velocity

Answer

Its displacement

Question 11

Which of the following forces is responsible for keeping the Earth in orbit around the Sun?

Accepted Answer

Gravity

Answer

Friction

Answer

Air resistance

Answer

Electromagnetic force

Question 12

The force of gravity between two objects is directly proportional to their:

Accepted Answer

Masses

Answer

Volumes

Answer

Densities

Answer

Surface areas

Question 13

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

Accepted Answer

Force

Answer

Time

Answer

Mass

Answer

Temperature

Question 14

Define work done by a force.

Accepted Answer

Force multiplied by displacement in the direction of the force

Answer

Force multiplied by displacement in the direction perpendicular to the force

Answer

Displacement multiplied by velocity

Answer

Force divided by displacement

Question 15

Which force is conservative?

Accepted Answer

Gravitational force

Answer

Frictional force

Answer

Tension force

Answer

Normal force

Question 16

The momentum of an object is equal to its:

Accepted Answer

Mass multiplied by velocity

Answer

Force multiplied by time

Answer

Work divided by power

Answer

Displacement multiplied by acceleration

Question 17

How is the efficiency of a machine defined?

Accepted Answer

Output work divided by input work

Answer

Input work divided by output work

Answer

Output power divided by input power

Answer

Input power divided by output power

Question 18

A ball hanging from a string swings back and forth. Which force causes the ball to change direction?

Accepted Answer

Tension in the string

Answer

Gravity

Answer

Air resistance

Question 19

How can Bernoulli's equation be used to analyze changes in velocity, pressure, and height as a fluid flows through a pipe with varying cross-sectional area?

Accepted Answer

Bernoulli's equation can be used to analyze changes in velocity, pressure, and height by considering energy conservation along a streamline.

Answer

Bernoulli's equation cannot be used for this analysis.

Answer

Bernoulli's equation can relate velocity and pressure, but not height.

Answer

Bernoulli's equation can only be used for incompressible fluids in pipes with constant cross-sectional area.

Question 20

Two objects with different masses are dropped simultaneously from the same height. What happens to their acceleration and time of fall?

Accepted Answer

Both objects have the same acceleration and will take the same amount of time to reach the ground.

Answer

Both objects have the same acceleration and will take different amounts of time to reach the ground.

Answer

The heavier object will have greater acceleration and take less time to reach the ground.

Answer

The lighter object will have greater acceleration and take more time to reach the ground.

Question 21

When two objects collide, what does a coefficient of restitution equal to 1 represent?

Accepted Answer

Perfectly elastic collision

Answer

Perfectly inelastic collision

Answer

Partially elastic collision

Question 22

Which aspect of a force, according to Newton's second law of motion, determines the acceleration of an object?

Accepted Answer

Magnitude of the force

Answer

Direction of the force

Answer

Point of application of the force

Question 23

A 20 kg mass is moving at a constant speed of 10 m/s. What is the net force acting on the mass?

Accepted Answer

0 N

Answer

20 N

Answer

100 N

Answer

200 N

Question 24

An object is moving at a constant speed in a straight line. What is true about the net force acting on the object?

Accepted Answer

The net force is zero.

Answer

The net force is in the same direction as the object's motion.

Answer

The net force is in the opposite direction as the object's motion.

Answer

The net force is perpendicular to the object's motion.

Question 25

In a tug-of-war, two teams pull on opposite ends of a rope. Which statement accurately describes the forces exerted by the teams on the rope, according to Newton's third law of motion?

Accepted Answer

The forces are equal in strength and opposite in direction.

Answer

The winning team exerts a greater force than the losing team.

Answer

The forces are equal in strength but in the same direction.

Answer

The stronger team always exerts a greater force than the weaker team.

Question 26

How does a rocket utilize the principle of conservation of momentum and Newton's third law to generate thrust?

Accepted Answer

By expelling exhaust gases backward at high speed, creating an equal and opposite force that propels the rocket forward.

Answer

Through the expansion of its structure due to heat generated by fuel combustion, pushing the rocket outward and causing forward motion.

Answer

By relying on the gravitational pull of Earth to provide the upward force for propulsion.

Answer

By converting electrical energy from batteries into kinetic energy, propelling the rocket forward.

Question 27

How does force relate to mass and acceleration, according to Newton's Second Law of Motion?

Accepted Answer

Force is directly proportional to both mass and acceleration.

Answer

Force is inversely proportional to mass and directly proportional to acceleration.

Answer

Force is inversely proportional to acceleration and directly proportional to mass.

Question 28

Which of these factors does NOT affect the period of oscillation in simple harmonic motion?

Accepted Answer

Damping

Answer

Mass of the attached object

Answer

Spring constant

Question 29

Define torque and explain how it causes objects to rotate. Provide real-world examples of torque, such as opening a door or tightening a screw.

Accepted Answer

Torque is a force applied perpendicular to the axis of rotation, causing objects to spin or turn.

Answer

Torque is the speed at which an object rotates.

Answer

Torque is a measure of the mass of an object.

Answer

Torque is only applied to circular motion.

Question 30

How do fluid dynamics principles contribute to designing an efficient airfoil shape for an aircraft wing?

Accepted Answer

Fluid dynamics determines pressure distribution around the airfoil, affecting lift and drag forces, which are crucial for efficient aircraft performance.

Answer

Fluid dynamics is irrelevant for designing aircraft wings.

Answer

Fluid dynamics calculations are too complex for practical engineering applications.

Answer

The shape of an airfoil is mainly determined by its construction material.

Question 31

Define torque and explain its importance in rotational motion. Provide real-world examples to illustrate its applications.

Accepted Answer

Torque is the force that causes an object to rotate around an axis. It is calculated by multiplying the force applied by the perpendicular distance from the axis of rotation.

Answer

Torque is the force applied to an object that causes it to accelerate in a circular path.

Answer

Torque is a measure of the potential energy stored in a rotating object.

Answer

Torque is the same as angular momentum.

Question 32

In a rotating system, what principle states that the total angular momentum remains constant if no external torque is applied?

Accepted Answer

Principle of Conservation of Angular Momentum

Answer

Principle of Inertia

Answer

Principle of Energy Conservation

Answer

Principle of Relativity

Question 33

An object is moving at a constant velocity. According to Newton's First Law of Motion, what is the net force acting on the object?

Accepted Answer

Zero net force

Answer

Force of gravity only

Answer

Force of friction only

Answer

Force of tension only

Question 34

According to Newton's first law of motion, what happens to an object at rest and an object in motion, respectively, unless acted upon by an external force?

Accepted Answer

Remains at rest; Continues moving at a constant speed in the same direction

Answer

Moves with increasing speed; Stops

Answer

Accelerates; Decelerates

Answer

Moves with decreasing speed; Accelerates

Question 35

In a closed system, what happens to the total amount of energy?

Accepted Answer

Remains constant

Answer

Decreases over time

Answer

Increases over time

Question 36

Newton's third law of motion states that for every action, there is what?

Accepted Answer

An equal and opposite reaction

Answer

An equal and opposite force

Answer

A lesser and opposite force

Answer

A greater and opposite force

Question 37

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

Accepted Answer

Velocity

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Mass

Answer

Volume

Question 38

What is the SI unit for force?

Accepted Answer

Newton

Answer

Joule

Answer

Watt

Question 39

A car is moving with a constant velocity. What is the car's acceleration?

Accepted Answer

0 m/s^2

Answer

2 m/s^2

Answer

1 m/s^2

Answer

10 m/s^2

Question 40

Which of the following is a factor that affects the amount of friction between two surfaces?

Accepted Answer

Surface roughness

Answer

Magnetic field

Answer

Humidity

Answer

Temperature

Question 41

According to Newton's first law of motion, an object that is moving will continue moving with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force. Which of the following is an example of this law in action?

Accepted Answer

A ball rolling on a flat surface at a constant speed

Answer

A person pushing a shopping cart

Answer

A car braking to a stop

Answer

A ball thrown in the air

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT considered a force?

Accepted Answer

Momentum

Answer

Tension

Answer

Gravity

Answer

Friction

Question 43

Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

Accepted Answer

Mass

Answer

Force

Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Velocity

Question 44

Which of the following is an example of a contact force?

Accepted Answer

Friction

Answer

Tension

Answer

Gravity

Answer

Magnetic force

Question 45

A ball is thrown horizontally with a velocity of 10 m/s. What is the direction of the ball's acceleration at the highest point of its trajectory?

Accepted Answer

Downward (towards the Earth)

Answer

Horizontal (in the direction of motion)

Answer

Upward (away from the Earth)

Answer

Zero

Question 46

Which of the following is the SI unit of force?

Accepted Answer

Newton

Answer

Joule

Answer

Pound

Answer

Kilogram

Question 47

A car is traveling at a constant speed of 50 km/h. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The net force acting on the car is zero

Answer

The car is accelerating

Answer

The car's velocity is changing

Answer

The car's kinetic energy is changing

Question 48

According to Newton's third law of motion, when a book rests on a table, the book exerts a force on the table that is:

Accepted Answer

Equal and opposite to the force exerted by the table on the book

Answer

Greater than the force exerted by the table on the book

Answer

Unrelated to the force exerted by the table on the book

Answer

Less than the force exerted by the table on the book

Question 49

A skydiver experiences air resistance as they fall. What type of force is air resistance?

Accepted Answer

Frictional force

Answer

Gravitational force

Answer

Tension force

Answer

Normal force

Question 50

Which of the following is a scalar quantity?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Force

Question 51

Which of the following is a unit of power?

Accepted Answer

Watt

Answer

Joule

Answer

Kilogram

Answer

Newton

Question 52

The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains:

Accepted Answer

Constant

Answer

Fluctuating

Answer

Increasing

Answer

Decreasing

Question 53

A roller coaster at the top of a hill has maximum:

Accepted Answer

Gravitational potential energy

Answer

Elastic potential energy

Answer

Kinetic energy

Answer

Thermal energy

Question 54

A ball is launched vertically upward. At its highest point, which force is primarily acting on the ball?

Accepted Answer

Gravitational force

Answer

Air resistance

Answer

Buoyant force

Answer

Frictional force

Question 55

Which of the following is not a type of force encountered in everyday situations?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic force

Answer

Frictional force

Answer

Gravitational force

Answer

Tension force

Question 56

According to Newton's third law of motion, every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Which scenario best exemplifies this law?

Accepted Answer

A swimmer pushing off a pool wall and propelling forward

Answer

A ball bouncing off the ground

Answer

A person walking on a sidewalk

Answer

A car accelerating forward

Question 57

Which of the following quantities is a vector quantity?

Accepted Answer

Velocity

Answer

Mass

Answer

Speed

Answer

Time

Question 58

Which of the following is the unit of impulse?

Accepted Answer

Newton-second (Ns)

Answer

Joule (J)

Answer

Meter per second (m/s)

Answer

Kilogram-meter per second (kg m/s)

Question 59

Which of the following is a conserved quantity in a closed system?

Accepted Answer

Energy

Answer

Force

Answer

Momentum

Answer

Velocity

Question 60

According to Newton's first law of motion, an object at rest will:

Accepted Answer

Remain at rest unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

Answer

Decelerate.

Answer

Move in a straight line.

Answer

Accelerate.

Question 61

The force that opposes motion between two surfaces in contact is called:

Accepted Answer

Friction.

Answer

Tension.

Answer

Air resistance.

Answer

Gravity.

Question 62

An object with greater mass has:

Accepted Answer

Greater inertia.

Answer

Higher velocity.

Answer

Lower momentum.

Answer

Less weight.

Question 63

When a force is applied to an object that is initially at rest, the object will:

Accepted Answer

Accelerate in the direction of the net force.

Answer

Decelerate in the direction of the force.

Answer

Move in the opposite direction of the force.

Question 64

The work done by a force is equal to:

Accepted Answer

Force x Distance x Cosine of the angle between force and displacement.

Answer

Force/Distance - Velocity.

Answer

Force + Distance + Time.