Nutrients for Health: A Comprehensive Guide for Sophomores

Question 1

Which of the following is a nutrient-dense food?

Accepted Answer

Banana

Answer

White bread

Answer

Soda

Answer

Fried chicken

Question 2

What is the main function of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

To absorb nutrients from food

Answer

To eliminate waste products

Answer

To control body temperature

Answer

To store nutrients

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of fiber in the body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Aiding digestion

Answer

Lowering cholesterol

Answer

Regulating blood sugar levels

Question 4

Which of the following nutrients is NOT a macronutrient essential for energy and building body structures?

Accepted Answer

Fiber

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 5

Which type of vitamin dissolves in water and cannot be stored in the body, requiring regular intake?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin E

Answer

Vitamin K

Question 6

Which health problem is commonly associated with a deficiency of vitamin D, which is essential for bone health?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Beriberi

Answer

Night blindness

Question 7

What is the most effective approach to obtain essential fatty acids, which are vital for various bodily functions?

Accepted Answer

Consuming fish and nuts, which are rich sources of these nutrients.

Answer

Relying solely on dietary supplements to fulfill the body's needs.

Answer

Increasing the intake of processed foods, as they often contain added essential fatty acids.

Answer

Eliminating all types of fats from the diet, as they may interfere with essential fatty acid absorption.

Question 8

Planning a healthy and balanced diet involves adhering to which key principles?

Accepted Answer

All of the above principles are essential for planning a healthy diet.

Answer

Incorporating a wide variety of nutrient-rich foods from different food groups.

Answer

Ensuring a proper balance of macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals).

Answer

Practicing moderation in food intake and avoiding excessive consumption of any particular food or nutrient.

Question 9

Which of these is NOT classified as a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 10

Which vitamin is crucial for the process of blood coagulation?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 11

Which mineral is essential for maintaining strong and healthy bones?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Potassium

Question 12

Which of these foods is a good source of dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Brown rice

Answer

White bread

Answer

Processed cheese

Answer

Soda

Question 13

What is the main function of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Building and repairing tissues

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 14

Which of the following can be a consequence of iron deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Anemia

Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Rickets

Answer

Osteoporosis

Question 15

What is the primary role of enzymes in nutrient metabolism?

Accepted Answer

They trigger and accelerate chemical reactions in the body

Answer

They store nutrients for later use

Answer

They transport nutrients across cell membranes

Answer

They regulate hormone production

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 17

Which food is a good source of complete protein?

Accepted Answer

Eggs

Answer

Beans

Answer

Brown rice

Answer

Spinach

Question 18

Which vitamin plays a crucial role in maintaining good eyesight?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin K

Question 19

What is a key characteristic of a balanced diet?

Accepted Answer

It provides essential nutrients in the right amounts

Answer

It contains high levels of processed foods

Answer

It is low in fiber

Answer

It is low in protein

Question 20

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Building and repairing tissues

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Answer

Storing genetic information

Question 21

Which type of nutrient is responsible for constructing and maintaining body tissues?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

Fat

Answer

Vitamin

Question 22

Which food category is a rich source of omega-3 fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Fatty fish

Answer

Lean meat

Answer

Whole grains

Answer

Dairy products

Question 23

Which vitamin plays a crucial role in blood coagulation?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 24

What is the suggested daily protein intake for an average adult?

Accepted Answer

0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight

Answer

1.2 grams per kilogram of body weight

Answer

1.6 grams per kilogram of body weight

Answer

2.0 grams per kilogram of body weight

Question 25

Which nutrient aids in releasing energy stored in carbohydrates and fats?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B1

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Iron

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient that the body needs in large amounts?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 27

Which nutrient is primarily responsible for building and repairing tissues in the body?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Minerals

Question 28

Which vitamin is known for its role in maintaining good eyesight?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 29

Which mineral is essential for strong and healthy bones and teeth?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Zinc

Answer

Magnesium

Question 30

Which food group is the best source of complex carbohydrates that provide sustained energy?

Accepted Answer

Whole grains

Answer

Fruits

Answer

Vegetables

Answer

Dairy products

Question 31

Which of the following nutrients is primarily responsible for providing the body with energy?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Fats

Question 32

Which of the following is an example of a nutrient deficiency disease that can result from a lack of a specific nutrient in the diet?

Accepted Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Heart disease

Answer

Diabetes

Question 33

Which of the following is considered a healthy way to consume fats as part of a balanced diet?

Accepted Answer

Lean meats

Answer

Fried foods

Answer

Processed foods

Answer

High-fat dairy products

Question 34

What is a key feature of a healthy and balanced meal plan?

Accepted Answer

Including a variety of nutrient-rich foods from all food groups

Answer

High levels of saturated fat and cholesterol

Answer

Very low calorie intake

Answer

Excluding whole grains and fruits

Question 35

Which of the three options listed below is classified as a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Calcium

Question 36

The primary function of carbohydrates in the human body is?

Accepted Answer

Energy production

Answer

Bone formation

Answer

Muscle contraction

Answer

Blood clotting

Question 37

Which of the following types of fat is considered 'healthy' and can potentially lower the risk of developing heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fat

Answer

Saturated fat

Answer

Trans fat

Answer

Hydrogenated fat

Question 38

Which vitamin is essential for the proper functioning of blood clotting?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 39

Dairy products, such as milk and cheese, are known to be rich in which of the following nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Iron

Question 40

Which of the following macronutrients provides the primary source of energy for the body?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Proteins

Question 41

Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting and wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin A

Question 42

Which type of fat is considered beneficial for heart health due to its ability to lower cholesterol levels?

Accepted Answer

Unsaturated fats

Answer

Trans fats

Answer

Hydrogenated fats

Answer

Saturated fats

Question 43

Which food group is a rich source of fiber, a crucial component for digestive health?

Accepted Answer

Whole grains

Answer

Red meat

Answer

Processed foods

Answer

Sugary drinks

Question 44

Which nutrient is primarily responsible for building, repairing, and maintaining tissues in the body?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Fats

Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 45

Which nutrient deficiency can lead to the development of the bone disease known as rickets?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Question 46

Which nutrient is essential for the production of hemoglobin, a protein responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Vitamin C

Question 47

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in human metabolism?

Accepted Answer

To provide energy

Answer

To transport nutrients

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To build and repair tissues

Question 48

Which macronutrient provides energy for the body and is broken down into glucose?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Minerals

Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Water

Question 49

Which vitamin is a powerful antioxidant and helps support a healthy immune system?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin B

Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin A

Question 50

Which mineral is crucial for absorbing calcium and helps make strong bones and teeth?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Iron

Question 51

Which of these food choices is a good source of vitamins and minerals while being low in calories?

Accepted Answer

Fruits

Answer

Candy

Answer

Processed snacks

Answer

Soda

Question 52

Which nutrient is essential for the production of red blood cells, which carry oxygen throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Calcium

Question 53

A deficiency in vitamin D can lead to which health condition?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Night blindness

Answer

Anemia

Question 54

Which food group is a major source of carbohydrates, providing energy for the body?

Accepted Answer

Grains

Answer

Dairy

Answer

Vegetables

Answer

Fruits

Question 55

Which of the following is a balanced macronutrient ratio recommended for a healthy diet?

Accepted Answer

45-65% carbohydrates, 20-35% fat, 10-35% protein

Answer

20-35% carbohydrates, 45-65% fat, 10-35% protein

Answer

35-45% carbohydrates, 35-45% fat, 20-25% protein

Answer

10-35% carbohydrates, 45-65% fat, 20-35% protein

Question 56

Which of these factors can influence a person's individual nutrient needs?

Accepted Answer

Age, gender, activity level

Answer

Favorite food

Answer

Hair style

Answer

Eye color