Infancy Development: Birth to 18 Months - Multiple Choice Quiz

Question 1

Which of the following is the primary cause for the rapid growth of the brain during infancy?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced myelination

Answer

Improved nutrition

Answer

Increased sensory stimulation

Answer

Reduced stress levels

Question 2

Which of the following is considered a milestone in infant development known as stranger anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Refusing to be held by strangers

Answer

Smiling in response to strangers

Answer

Crawling towards unfamiliar objects

Answer

Using gestures to communicate

Question 3

What is the primary purpose of the Moro reflex?

Accepted Answer

To protect the infant from falling

Answer

To stimulate feeding behavior

Answer

To facilitate language development

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Question 4

Which theory emphasizes the significance of culture in infant development?

Accepted Answer

Ecological systems theory

Answer

Psychoanalytic theory

Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Cognitive theory

Question 5

What is the main objective of early intervention programs for infants?

Accepted Answer

Promote development and prevent further delays

Answer

Eliminate developmental delays

Answer

Provide financial aid to families

Answer

Encourage adoption of infants with special needs

Question 6

What is the importance of self-regulation in infants?

Accepted Answer

It helps infants manage stress and emotions effectively

Answer

It is crucial for language development

Answer

It enhances social interactions

Answer

It promotes physical growth

Question 7

Identify the reflex in newborns that triggers them to turn their heads towards a sound.

Accepted Answer

Orienting reflex

Answer

Rooting reflex

Answer

Grasping reflex

Answer

Stepping reflex

Question 8

Approximately when do infants develop the cognitive ability to understand that objects continue to exist even when they are hidden?

Accepted Answer

9 months

Answer

6 months

Answer

12 months

Answer

18 months

Question 9

Select the characteristic that is not typically associated with secure infant attachment.

Accepted Answer

Infants exhibit high levels of distress when separated from their caregivers.

Answer

Infants feel secure and loved.

Answer

Infants rely on their caregivers as a secure base.

Answer

Infants are easily soothed by their caregivers.

Question 10

What is the primary function of the corpus callosum in the developing infant brain?

Accepted Answer

To facilitate communication between the left and right hemispheres of the brain.

Answer

To regulate emotions and social behavior.

Answer

To process sensory information.

Answer

To control motor skills.

Question 11

What term describes the emotional bond formed between infants and their primary caregivers?

Accepted Answer

Attachment

Answer

Empathy

Answer

Trust

Answer

Respect

Question 12

Which parenting style is characterized by warmth, consistency, and clear limit-setting?

Accepted Answer

Authoritative parenting

Answer

Permissive parenting

Answer

Neglectful parenting

Answer

Authoritarian parenting

Question 13

Which theory emphasizes the role of active exploration and manipulation in infant learning?

Accepted Answer

Constructivism

Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Psychoanalytic theory

Answer

Humanistic theory

Question 14

Which of the following is a characteristic of attachment in **secure** infants?

Accepted Answer

They explore their environment freely when their caregiver is present.

Answer

They cling to their caregiver when distressed.

Answer

They avoid contact with their caregiver.

Answer

They rarely seek comfort from their caregiver.

Question 15

Temperament refers to an infant's:

Accepted Answer

Behavioral and emotional style

Answer

Physical characteristics

Answer

Cognitive abilities

Answer

Social skills

Question 16

Which of the following is a recommended feeding practice for infants under six months?

Accepted Answer

Exclusive breastfeeding

Answer

Formula feeding

Answer

Solids

Answer

Mixed feeding

Question 17

According to Piaget's theory, infants in the sensorimotor stage primarily learn through:

Accepted Answer

Direct, hands-on experiences

Answer

Language acquisition

Answer

Social interactions

Answer

Abstract reasoning

Question 18

Which of the following is a characteristic of insecure attachment in infants?

Accepted Answer

Avoids or resists contact with the primary caregiver

Answer

Shows consistent trust and comfort with the primary caregiver

Answer

Uses the primary caregiver as a secure base for exploring the environment

Answer

Prefers unfamiliar adults over the primary caregiver

Question 19

The development of motor skills in infants follows a predictable sequence. Which of the following milestones typically occurs first?

Accepted Answer

Reaching for objects

Answer

Rolling over

Answer

Crawling

Answer

Walking

Question 20

Which of the following factors has been shown to have the greatest impact on an infant's cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

Environmental stimulation

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Nutritional status

Answer

Birth order

Question 21

Which of the following is a typical characteristic of infant sleep patterns?

Accepted Answer

Frequent awakenings and shorter sleep cycles

Answer

Long periods of uninterrupted sleep

Answer

Sleeping through the night by 6 months of age

Answer

Decreased need for sleep as they grow

Question 22

Which of the following is considered a violation of infant rights?

Accepted Answer

Using physical punishment

Answer

Providing a safe and nurturing environment

Answer

Respecting their autonomy and consent

Answer

Protecting their privacy

Question 23

The concept of 'stranger anxiety' in infants refers to:

Accepted Answer

Fear of unfamiliar people

Answer

Preference for familiar faces

Answer

Anxiety when separated from the caregiver

Answer

Lack of social interest

Question 24

According to Piaget's theory, infants begin to develop object permanence during the:

Accepted Answer

Sensorimotor stage

Answer

Preoperational stage

Answer

Concrete operational stage

Answer

Formal operational stage

Question 25

Imitation in infants is primarily facilitated by:

Accepted Answer

Mirror neuron activation

Answer

Classical conditioning

Answer

Operant reinforcement

Answer

Declarative memory

Question 26

A sign of emerging self-awareness in infants is:

Accepted Answer

Pointing to themselves in a mirror

Answer

Recognizing their own name

Answer

Showing a preference for familiar objects

Answer

Using gestures to communicate

Question 27

The rapid growth and development of the human brain during infancy is primarily due to:

Accepted Answer

A combination of the above

Answer

New neuron formation

Answer

Myelination

Answer

Synaptic pruning

Question 28

The sudden and dramatic changes in an infant's sleep patterns around 6 months of age are known as:

Accepted Answer

Sleep regression

Answer

Night terrors

Answer

Object permanence

Answer

Stranger anxiety

Question 29

Which attachment style is characterized by infants seeking comfort from their caregivers when distressed and exploring their surroundings when secure?

Accepted Answer

Secure attachment

Answer

Avoidant attachment

Answer

Anxious-ambivalent attachment

Answer

Disorganized attachment

Question 30

Which theorist proposed that infants progress through a series of cognitive stages, marked by qualitative changes in thinking?

Accepted Answer

Jean Piaget

Answer

Erik Erikson

Answer

Lev Vygotsky

Answer

Albert Bandura

Question 31

What is the term for the rapid increase in brain size and complexity that occurs during infancy?

Accepted Answer

Synaptogenesis

Answer

Myelination

Answer

Neurogenesis

Answer

Pruning

Question 32

How does attachment contribute to infants' emotional development?

Accepted Answer

It aids in emotional regulation, empathy, and secure relationships.

Answer

It solely influences cognitive development.

Answer

It has no impact on emotional development.

Answer

It primarily affects physical development.

Question 33

What neurochemical plays the biggest role in regulating an infant's sleep-wake cycles?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Glutamate

Answer

Acetylcholine

Question 34

Which theory suggests that infants are born with an inherent ability to learn language?

Accepted Answer

Nativist Theory

Answer

Empiricist Theory

Answer

Interactionist Theory

Answer

Cognitive Theory

Question 35

According to Piaget's theory, infants in the sensorimotor stage are primarily focused on:

Accepted Answer

Exploring the world through their senses and motor skills

Answer

Engaging in abstract reasoning

Answer

Developing symbolic thought

Question 36

Which of the following is a key factor influencing secure attachment between infants and caregivers?

Accepted Answer

Consistency and responsiveness

Answer

Physical attractiveness

Answer

Socioeconomic status

Question 37

The _____ style of attachment is characterized by infants feeling secure and comfortable seeking comfort from their caregivers.

Accepted Answer

Secure

Answer

Disorganized

Answer

Insecure-avoidant

Answer

Insecure-resistant

Question 38

Which of the following is a benefit of exclusive breastfeeding for infants?

Accepted Answer

Reduced risk of infections

Answer

Lowered IQ scores

Answer

Delayed language development

Answer

Increased risk of allergies

Question 39

The sudden drop in estrogen and progesterone levels after birth triggers:

Accepted Answer

Lactogenesis

Answer

Menstruation

Answer

Ovulation

Answer

Implantation

Question 40

Which of the following is a key developmental milestone typically not achieved by infants between birth and 18 months?

Accepted Answer

Toileting independently

Answer

Walking

Answer

Stranger anxiety

Answer

Pincer grasp

Question 41

According to Piaget's theory, infants primarily learn through:

Accepted Answer

Active exploration and sensory experiences

Answer

Symbolic representations

Answer

Observing and imitating others

Answer

Abstract reasoning and logic

Question 42

A characteristic of attachment as defined by Bowlby is:

Accepted Answer

A strong, enduring emotional bond between an infant and a primary caregiver

Answer

A temporary association formed for a specific purpose

Answer

A learned response to repeated stimuli

Question 43

Which motor skill typically develops prior to rolling over?

Accepted Answer

Head control

Answer

Crawling

Answer

Walking

Answer

Sitting up

Question 44

What type of crying occurs in infants without any apparent cause?

Accepted Answer

Colic

Answer

Separation anxiety

Answer

Stranger anxiety

Question 45

Which of the following factors is known to significantly impact infant development?

Accepted Answer

Parenting style and attachment

Answer

Birth order

Answer

Eye color

Answer

Number of siblings

Question 46

What is the primary function of myelination in infant brains?

Accepted Answer

Increases the speed and efficiency of nerve impulses

Answer

Protects the brain from injury

Answer

Promotes the growth of new neurons

Question 47

Which of the following is the first type of social smile in infants?

Accepted Answer

Reflexive smile

Answer

Duchenne smile

Answer

Social smile

Answer

Stranger smile

Question 48

What is the significance of 'serve and return' interactions for infant development?

Accepted Answer

Supports language acquisition, emotional regulation, and social skills

Answer

Prevents developmental delays

Answer

Provides infants with essential nutrients

Question 49

Which of the following is a recommended feeding practice for infants under 6 months of age?

Accepted Answer

Exclusive breastfeeding or formula feeding

Answer

Offering juice or water

Answer

Introducing solid foods

Answer

Limiting feedings to every 4 hours