File System Implementation: Master the Techniques for Efficient Data Storage

Question 1

Which disk allocation method stores file data in contiguous blocks on the disk?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Linked allocation

Answer

Indexed allocation

Answer

Extent-based allocation

Question 2

What is the primary purpose of a file allocation table (FAT) in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To map logical block addresses to physical disk blocks

Answer

To store file metadata

Answer

To track file access permissions

Answer

To manage free space on the disk

Question 3

Which journaling file system technique helps maintain data integrity during system crashes or power failures?

Accepted Answer

Write-ahead logging

Answer

Shadow paging

Answer

Copy-on-write

Answer

Block mirroring

Question 4

What is the purpose of a free space map in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To keep track of unallocated disk blocks

Answer

To store file metadata

Answer

To manage file access permissions

Answer

To ensure data integrity during system failures

Question 5

What is the fundamental purpose of a file system implementation?

Accepted Answer

To provide efficient storage and retrieval of data

Answer

To guarantee data security and integrity

Answer

To control access permissions to files

Answer

To optimize disk space utilization

Question 6

Which file allocation method allocates contiguous blocks of disk space to a file?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous Allocation

Answer

Linked Allocation

Answer

Indexed Allocation

Answer

Scattered Allocation

Question 7

Which disk allocation method assigns contiguous blocks of disk space to a single file?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Linked allocation

Answer

Indexed allocation

Answer

Extent-based allocation

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of a file allocation table (FAT) in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a record of the physical locations of data blocks belonging to a file

Answer

To organize the logical structure of a directory

Answer

To manage the allocation of free space on a disk

Answer

To control user access permissions for files

Question 9

Which journaling file system technique employs a write-ahead log?

Accepted Answer

Ordered journaling

Answer

Soft updates

Answer

Unordered journaling

Answer

Log-structured file system

Question 10

What is the primary function of a directory in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To organize and store files and subdirectories in a hierarchical structure

Answer

To manage file permissions and attributes

Answer

To track the physical locations of data blocks

Answer

To provide a means of navigating the file system

Question 11

Which data structure is commonly used to implement file allocation tables?

Accepted Answer

B-tree

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Hash table

Answer

Balanced binary search tree

Question 12

What is the purpose of a superblock in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To store overall structural information and parameters of the file system

Answer

To track the availability of free space on the disk

Answer

To manage file permissions and ownership

Answer

To map logical addresses to physical addresses

Question 13

What is the key difference between a hard link and a symbolic link?

Accepted Answer

Hard links reference the same inode, while symbolic links reference a pathname

Answer

Symbolic links reference the same inode, while hard links reference a pathname

Answer

Hard links are permanent, while symbolic links can be modified

Answer

Symbolic links are permanent, while hard links can be modified

Question 14

What's the primary purpose of a file allocation table (FAT)?

Accepted Answer

Track file data locations on the disk

Answer

Store file names in the file system

Answer

Manage memory allocation for file operations

Answer

Provide a directory of files and folders

Question 15

Which journaling file system type uses a separate log file to record metadata changes before applying them to the main file system?

Accepted Answer

Write-ahead logging

Answer

Transactional logging

Answer

Copy-on-write

Answer

Shadowing

Question 16

Which file system attribute stores the file's associated permissions?

Accepted Answer

File mode

Answer

File owner

Answer

File group

Answer

File attributes

Question 17

What's the purpose of a file descriptor?

Accepted Answer

Represent an open file in the file system

Answer

Store file data locations on the disk

Answer

Manage memory allocation for file operations

Answer

Provide a directory of files and folders

Question 18

Which file system operation modifies file contents?

Accepted Answer

Write

Answer

Create

Answer

Open

Answer

Read

Question 19

What is a file system superblock?

Accepted Answer

A block containing essential file system information

Answer

A block storing all file locations in the file system

Answer

A block managing memory allocation for file operations

Answer

A block providing a directory of files and folders

Question 20

What's the role of a file system driver in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Provide an interface between applications and the file system

Answer

Manage allocation and deallocation of file system resources

Answer

Perform file system operations for applications

Answer

Provide a directory of files and folders

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a valid disk allocation method?

Accepted Answer

Shadow caching

Answer

Indexed allocation

Answer

Linked allocation

Answer

Contiguous allocation

Question 22

In a file allocation table (FAT), each entry corresponds to:

Accepted Answer

The address of the next block in the file

Answer

A block in the file

Answer

A sector in the file

Answer

The size of the file

Question 23

Which type of file system employs a journal to log changes before they are committed to disk?

Accepted Answer

Write-ahead journaling file system

Answer

Non-journaling file system

Answer

Soft journaling file system

Answer

Ordered journaling file system

Question 24

Which of the following is a potential drawback of linked allocation?

Accepted Answer

Increased file fragmentation

Answer

Slow file access

Answer

Complex file management

Answer

Reduced storage capacity

Question 25

Which operation is utilized by a file system to maintain data integrity?

Accepted Answer

Checksum calculation

Answer

Data encryption

Answer

Parity bit checking

Answer

Error correction codes

Question 26

Which two techniques do file systems use to increase resistance to failures?

Accepted Answer

RAID

Accepted Answer

Checksumming

Answer

File Locking

Answer

Data Compression

Question 27

Which disk allocation method assigns contiguous blocks on the storage device to store data?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Linked list allocation

Answer

Indexed allocation

Answer

Hybrid allocation

Question 28

In which file system architecture is a File Allocation Table (FAT) employed?

Accepted Answer

FAT32

Answer

NTFS

Answer

ext4

Answer

ZFS

Question 29

What is the primary objective of implementing a journaling file system?

Accepted Answer

Increased data reliability

Answer

Enhanced performance

Answer

Reduced disk usage

Answer

Improved file encryption

Question 30

Which file system feature ensures indivisible updates to file metadata?

Accepted Answer

Transaction logging

Answer

Shadow copies

Answer

Soft updates

Answer

RAID mirroring

Question 31

What is the purpose of a superblock in the context of a file system?

Accepted Answer

Contains information about file system structure

Answer

Stores root directory location

Answer

Holds bitmap of allocated blocks

Answer

Manages file access permissions

Question 32

Which file system is renowned for its exceptional performance and reliability in enterprise environments?

Accepted Answer

ZFS

Answer

FAT32

Answer

NTFS

Answer

ext4

Question 33

What is the key distinction between soft updates and hard updates in journaling file systems?

Accepted Answer

Soft updates are not immediately written to disk

Answer

Hard updates are more efficient than soft updates

Answer

Soft updates require less storage space than hard updates

Answer

Hard updates offer superior data reliability than soft updates

Question 34

When selecting a disk allocation method, which of the following factors is irrelevant?

Accepted Answer

Processor clock speed

Answer

File access patterns

Answer

Storage device performance

Answer

File size

Question 35

Which disk allocation method assigns consecutive disk blocks to each file, reducing fragmentation and improving performance?

Accepted Answer

Extent-based allocation

Answer

Indexed allocation

Answer

Linked allocation

Answer

Bitmap allocation

Question 36

In a File Allocation Table (FAT), which field points to the next block in the file's cluster?

Accepted Answer

Next cluster pointer in the current FAT entry

Answer

Previous cluster pointer in the current FAT entry

Answer

Last cluster pointer in the current FAT entry

Answer

First cluster pointer in the current FAT entry

Question 37

Which file system technique maintains a transaction log to ensure data integrity and protect against data loss?

Accepted Answer

Journaling

Answer

Volume shadow copy

Answer

Caching

Answer

RAID

Question 38

What data structure in a file system holds metadata about files and directories, including file attributes and directory entries?

Accepted Answer

Inode

Answer

FAT entry

Answer

Extent map

Answer

Block table

Question 39

What is the main function of a swap file in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To extend the available physical memory by using disk space as virtual memory.

Answer

To temporarily store data during program execution.

Answer

To improve file access performance by caching frequently accessed files.

Answer

To provide backup storage for critical data.

Question 40

Which file system feature employs a write-ahead log to protect data from loss in case of unexpected system failures?

Accepted Answer

File journaling

Answer

Data mirroring

Answer

RAID

Answer

Checksumming

Question 41

What is the fundamental difference between a hard link and a symbolic link?

Accepted Answer

Hard links have the same file inode, while symbolic links have different file inodes.

Answer

Hard links connect files, while symbolic links connect directories.

Answer

Hard links can only be created for files, while symbolic links can be created for both files and directories.

Answer

Hard links are slower to resolve than symbolic links.

Question 42

Which file access mode allows reading a file's contents but not modifying them?

Accepted Answer

Read

Answer

Write

Answer

Append

Answer

Read/Write

Question 43

What is the primary responsibility of a file system driver?

Accepted Answer

To manage data storage and retrieval operations on storage devices.

Answer

To provide a graphical user interface for file management.

Answer

To enforce security policies related to file access and modification.

Answer

To optimize file access performance by caching frequently accessed data.

Question 44

What is the main function of an Access Control List (ACL) in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To specify which users and groups can access and modify files.

Answer

To prevent unauthorized changes to files.

Answer

To track the location of data on the disk.

Answer

To improve file system speed by caching frequently used files.

Question 45

In cloud computing environments where data is distributed across multiple servers and accessed by users from different geographic locations, which file system architecture is most suitable?

Accepted Answer

Distributed File System

Answer

Hierarchical File System

Answer

Network File System

Answer

Journaling File System

Question 46

When assessing the performance of file systems in real-world applications, which metrics are most crucial to evaluate?

Accepted Answer

Throughput and latency

Answer

Disk space utilization and file fragmentation

Question 47

Which disk allocation method is most suitable for large, sequential files, aiming for efficient storage and retrieval?

Accepted Answer

Contiguous allocation

Answer

Indexed allocation

Answer

Linked allocation

Question 48

What is the primary purpose of a file allocation table (FAT) in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To track the location of data blocks belonging to a file on the storage device.

Answer

To store the file's metadata, such as file size and creation date

Answer

To cache frequently accessed files for faster retrieval

Answer

To manage file access permissions and security

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a primary goal of file system implementation?

Accepted Answer

Maximize disk space usage at all costs, even if it compromises other aspects of file system performance or functionality

Answer

Ensure data integrity, preventing data loss or corruption in the event of system failures or errors

Answer

Provide efficient access to data, allowing users to quickly find and retrieve files

Answer

Support security features to protect data from unauthorized access and modification

Question 50

What is the main purpose of a directory in a hierarchical file system?

Accepted Answer

To organize files and subdirectories into a tree-like structure, allowing for efficient navigation and file management

Answer

To store the physical location of files on the disk, providing direct access to data without the need for further searching

Answer

To track the file's access permissions and ownership, controlling who can access and modify the file

Question 51

What is the key responsibility of a superblock in a file system?

Accepted Answer

To store critical information about the file system's structure, parameters, and overall state, providing a central reference point for the file system's operation

Answer

To track the usage of free blocks on the disk, keeping a record of which blocks are available for storing new data

Answer

To manage file permissions and access control, ensuring that users have the appropriate level of access to files and directories

Question 52

What is a fundamental distinction between a logical file system and a physical file system?

Accepted Answer

A logical file system presents a user-friendly view of the file system, dealing with files and directories, while a physical file system operates at a lower level, managing raw storage devices and their physical characteristics

Answer

A logical file system is typically implemented in software, while a physical file system is implemented in hardware

Question 53

What is the primary function of a file system driver?

Accepted Answer

To act as an intermediary between the file system and the underlying storage hardware, translating file system operations into commands that the storage device can understand and execute

Answer

To manage the allocation and deallocation of disk space for files and directories

Answer

To cache frequently accessed files in memory to improve performance