Reproductive System Assessment: Techniques, Findings, and Abnormalities

Question 1

Which symptom is most commonly reported by patients with ovarian cancer?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal bloating

Answer

Vaginal bleeding after menopause

Answer

Pelvic pain

Answer

Frequent urination

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT routinely included in a comprehensive reproductive system assessment?

Accepted Answer

Genetic counseling

Answer

Patient history and physical examination

Answer

Laboratory tests

Answer

Imaging studies

Question 3

Which abnormality is most commonly found during a breast exam?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocystic breast changes

Answer

Breast cancer

Answer

Mastitis

Question 4

For a patient suspected of having uterine fibroids, which imaging study is the most suitable initial diagnostic test?

Accepted Answer

Transvaginal ultrasound

Answer

Pelvic MRI

Answer

Abdominal CT scan

Answer

Hysterosalpingography

Question 5

Which laboratory test is commonly used to evaluate ovarian function, particularly ovulation?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH) level

Answer

Progesterone level

Answer

Estrogen level

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level

Question 6

Which imaging study provides the best visualization of the uterus and fallopian tubes to assess for abnormalities?

Accepted Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 7

When performing a breast examination, which technique is used to palpate for lumps or abnormalities?

Accepted Answer

Circular motions

Answer

Up and down strokes

Answer

Squeezing the breast

Answer

Percussion

Question 8

During a physical examination of the female reproductive system, which instrument is used to visualize the cervix and vagina?

Accepted Answer

Speculum (correct)

Answer

Ultrasound transducer

Answer

Doppler

Answer

Stethoscope

Question 9

Which laboratory test should be utilized to detect sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

Accepted Answer

Culture and sensitivity (correct)

Answer

Complete blood count

Answer

Pap smear

Answer

Urinalysis

Question 10

Which imaging study is primarily employed to effectively assess the uterus and ovaries?

Accepted Answer

Ultrasound (correct)

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Fluoroscopy

Question 11

When performing a bimanual examination, what is the primary objective of inserting two fingers of one hand into the vagina while applying pressure on the abdomen with the other hand?

Accepted Answer

To palpate the uterus and ovaries (correct)

Answer

To assess cervical mobility

Answer

To evaluate tubal patency

Answer

To collect a Pap smear

Question 12

Which of the following findings during a pelvic examination may indicate a potential abnormality of the cervix?

Accepted Answer

Strawberry cervix (correct)

Answer

Friability

Answer

Enlarged uterus

Answer

Tender adnexa

Question 13

What is the significance of nabothian cysts on the cervix?

Accepted Answer

They are normal variants and do not require further evaluation (correct)

Answer

They indicate a sexually transmitted infection

Answer

They suggest the presence of endometrial hyperplasia

Answer

They are associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer

Question 14

Which potential complication can arise from an endometrial biopsy?

Accepted Answer

All of the above (correct)

Answer

Uterine perforation

Answer

Bleeding

Answer

Infection

Question 15

When interpreting a Pap smear report, what is generally indicated by an atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASC-US) result?

Accepted Answer

An inconclusive result that requires additional testing (correct)

Answer

The presence of precancerous cells

Answer

The need for immediate treatment

Answer

A normal finding that requires no further follow-up

Question 16

What is the main indication for using transvaginal ultrasound in a reproductive system assessment?

Accepted Answer

To visualize the uterus and ovaries in greater detail (correct)

Answer

To assess the patency of the fallopian tubes

Answer

To collect a tissue sample for biopsy

Answer

To evaluate the pelvic floor muscles

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a common step involved in a pelvic exam ?

Accepted Answer

Percussion

Answer

Inspection

Answer

Palpation

Answer

Auscultation

Question 18

What is the primary reason for performing a Pap smear?

Accepted Answer

To detect cervical cancer

Answer

To detect sexually transmitted infections

Answer

To estimate fertility potential

Answer

To screen for ovarian cancer

Question 19

Which structure is the primary site of sperm production ?

Accepted Answer

Testicle

Answer

Epididymis

Answer

Vas deferens

Answer

Seminal vesicle

Question 20

What is a key difference between a benign and a malignant breast lump?

Accepted Answer

Malignant lumps are firm and fixed, while benign lumps are soft and movable

Answer

Benign lumps are firm and fixed, while malignant lumps are soft and movable

Answer

Benign lumps are typically painful, whereas malignant lumps are not

Answer

There is no perceivable difference between benign and malignant breast lumps

Question 21

What is the most prevalent symptom of testicular cancer?

Accepted Answer

A painless lump within the testicle

Answer

Swelling of the testicle

Answer

Enlarged lymph nodes in the groin area

Answer

Weight loss

Question 22

During a vaginal examination, which finding is indicative of a Bartholin's abscess?

Accepted Answer

Tender, erythematous swelling at the posterior vaginal opening

Answer

Small, raised lesions on the cervical os

Answer

Erythema and edema of the labia majora

Answer

Purulent discharge from the vagina

Question 23

Which imaging study provides a comprehensive view of the entire abdominal and pelvic region?

Accepted Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Transvaginal ultrasound

Answer

Hysterosalpingography

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 24

When performing a bimanual examination, which organ would be palpated posteriorly and laterally to the uterus?

Accepted Answer

Ovary

Answer

Ureter

Answer

Appendix

Answer

Rectum

Question 25

In which layer of the uterus is the menstrual cycle primarily regulated?

Accepted Answer

Endometrium

Answer

Myometrium

Answer

Serosa

Answer

Fallopian tubes

Question 26

Which hormone is the primary trigger for ovulation?

Accepted Answer

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Question 27

During a transvaginal ultrasound, which structure may be visualized as a small, round, cystic structure adjacent to the ovary?

Accepted Answer

Corpus luteum

Answer

Fallopian tube

Answer

Uterus

Answer

Cervix

Question 28

Which imaging modality provides the clearest visualization of soft tissue structures, such as the uterus and ovaries?

Accepted Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Ultrasound

Question 29

During a pelvic examination, the uterus is assessed for mobility and tenderness by palpation. Which other structure is also palpated for these characteristics?

Accepted Answer

Cervix

Answer

Ovaries

Answer

Fallopian tubes

Answer

Vagina

Question 30

Which sexually transmitted infection (STI) is the most prevalent in the United States, affecting both men and women?

Accepted Answer

Chlamydia

Answer

Gonorrhea

Answer

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

Answer

Trichomoniasis

Question 31

Which laboratory test is specifically used to diagnose sexually transmitted infections (STIs) by examining cells collected from the reproductive tract?

Accepted Answer

Pap smear

Answer

Urinalysis

Answer

KOH wet mount

Answer

Blood glucose test

Question 32

What is the typical timeframe of a regular menstrual cycle in healthy women?

Accepted Answer

28-32 days

Answer

21-35 days

Answer

35-45 days

Answer

42-50 days

Question 33

For the treatment of a yeast infection, which medication is typically recommended as the first-line therapy?

Accepted Answer

Topical clotrimazole

Answer

Oral fluconazole

Answer

Intravenous amphotericin B

Answer

Vaginal boric acid

Question 34

In motivational interviewing for reproductive health, what is a key principle for guiding the conversation?

Accepted Answer

Reflecting on the client's viewpoint

Answer

Directing the client's choices

Answer

Challenging the client's beliefs about reproductive health

Answer

Providing extensive reproductive health information

Question 35

Which key advantage does MRI offer over other imaging techniques in assessing uterine anomalies?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced spatial resolution and soft tissue contrast

Answer

Detection of small lesions

Answer

Lower cost and increased accessibility

Answer

Real-time imaging capability

Question 36

In the assessment of suspected ectopic pregnancies, which imaging study is typically the initial choice?

Accepted Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

CT scan

Answer

MRI

Question 37

In a patient with normal ovarian function, which hormone levels are typically observed?

Accepted Answer

FSH 10-20 mIU/mL, LH 5-15 mIU/mL, Estradiol 50-200 pg/mL, Progesterone 1-5 ng/mL

Answer

FSH 2-10 mIU/mL, LH 1-5 mIU/mL, Estradiol 10-50 pg/mL, Progesterone 0.5-1 ng/mL

Answer

FSH 20-40 mIU/mL, LH 10-20 mIU/mL, Estradiol 200-400 pg/mL, Progesterone 5-10 ng/mL

Answer

FSH 1-5 mIU/mL, LH 0.5-2 mIU/mL, Estradiol 5-20 pg/mL, Progesterone 0.1-0.5 ng/mL

Question 38

What is the MOST important aspect of effective reproductive health counseling?

Accepted Answer

Giving accurate and unbiased information that fits the patient's needs

Answer

Using medical terms to show expertise

Answer

Interrupting the patient to show you're listening

Answer

Ignoring the patient's feelings during counseling

Question 39

Which of the following is an uncommon clinical manifestation of a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?

Accepted Answer

Sore throat

Answer

Dysuria (painful urination)

Answer

Lower abdominal pain

Answer

Genital itching or irritation

Question 40

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating uterine contractions during labor?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Follicle-stimulating hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Question 41

What is the physical examination technique used to assess uterine size, position, and tenderness?

Accepted Answer

Bimanual examination

Answer

Colposcopy

Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

Culdocentesis

Question 42

Which laboratory test measures levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the urine or blood?

Accepted Answer

Pregnancy test

Answer

Urinalysis

Answer

Pap smear

Answer

Complete blood count

Question 43

What is the purpose of a colposcopy?

Accepted Answer

To examine the cervix for abnormal cells or lesions

Answer

To assess fetal development

Answer

To diagnose pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 44

Which imaging study uses sound waves to create images of the reproductive organs?

Accepted Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Question 45

Where are the ovaries normally located?

Accepted Answer

Lateral to the uterus

Answer

Posterior to the rectum

Answer

Anterior to the bladder

Answer

Superior to the kidneys

Question 46

Which of the following is a common symptom of a sexually transmitted infection (STI)?

Accepted Answer

Genital discharge or itching

Answer

Nausea

Answer

Headache

Answer

Joint pain

Question 47

Which contraception method prevents ovulation?

Accepted Answer

Oral contraceptive pills

Answer

Diaphragm

Answer

IUD

Answer

Condoms

Question 48

What is the surgical procedure called that removes the uterus?

Accepted Answer

Hysterectomy

Answer

Myomectomy

Answer

Oophorectomy

Answer

Salpingectomy

Question 49

A male patient presents with painful urination and discharge. Which diagnostic test is most likely to be ordered to confirm a diagnosis of urethritis?

Accepted Answer

Urine culture

Answer

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test

Answer

Sperm analysis

Answer

Transrectal ultrasound

Question 50

Which imaging study is commonly used to visualize the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries?

Accepted Answer

Transvaginal ultrasound

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Question 51

During a breast exam, you palpate a firm, rubbery mass in the upper outer quadrant of the breast. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Fibroadenoma

Answer

Mastitis

Answer

Breast cancer

Answer

Cyst

Question 52

A female patient presents with irregular menstrual cycles and excessive hair growth. Which hormonal test is most likely to be ordered to investigate these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)

Answer

Progesterone

Question 53

What is the primary purpose of a Pap smear?

Accepted Answer

To screen for cervical cancer

Answer

To diagnose sexually transmitted infections (STIs)

Answer

To assess ovarian function

Answer

To monitor pregnancy

Question 54

Which of the following is considered a normal finding during a testicular exam?

Accepted Answer

Smooth, firm, and slightly rubbery texture

Answer

Lumps or nodules

Answer

Pain or tenderness

Answer

Enlargement of one testicle

Question 55

A patient reports a history of infertility. Which diagnostic test is most likely to be ordered to evaluate the fallopian tubes?

Accepted Answer

Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)

Answer

Pap smear

Answer

Sperm analysis

Answer

Pelvic ultrasound

Question 56

A patient reports a history of erectile dysfunction. Which diagnostic test is most likely to be ordered to evaluate blood flow to the penis?

Accepted Answer

Penile Doppler ultrasound

Answer

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test

Answer

Sperm analysis

Answer

Urine culture

Question 57

During a physical exam, a patient reports pain during palpation of the prostate gland. What is the most likely cause of this pain?

Accepted Answer

Prostatitis

Answer

Epididymitis

Answer

Prostate cancer

Answer

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)