Developmental Disabilities in Children: Understanding and Supporting Their Unique Needs

Question 1

Which of the following is **NOT** a characteristic of autism spectrum disorder?

Accepted Answer

Hyperactivity and impulsivity

Answer

Impaired social communication and interaction

Answer

Repetitive behaviors and restricted interests

Answer

Delayed language and cognitive development

Question 2

The most common **genetic** cause of Down syndrome is:

Accepted Answer

Trisomy 21

Answer

Trisomy 18

Answer

Monosomy X

Answer

Turner syndrome

Question 3

Which assessment tool is specifically used for **screening** for developmental delays in young children?

Accepted Answer

Denver Developmental Screening Test

Answer

Ages and Stages Questionnaire

Answer

M-CHAT-R

Answer

Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development

Question 4

A typical characteristic of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) **does not** include:

Accepted Answer

Hyperactivity

Answer

Difficulty with social interactions

Answer

Repetitive behaviors

Answer

Delayed language development

Question 5

During assessment of a child with Down syndrome, the physical finding most commonly observed is:

Accepted Answer

Upslanting palpebral fissures

Answer

Cleft palate

Answer

Hypotonia

Answer

Microcephaly

Question 6

For a child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), an appropriate nursing intervention would be to:

Accepted Answer

Provide a calm and organized environment

Answer

Encourage excessive physical activity

Answer

Disregard the child's difficulty paying attention

Answer

Administer sedatives without consulting a physician

Question 7

When administering medication to a child with a developmental disability, the preferred route of administration is generally:

Accepted Answer

Oral

Answer

Intramuscular

Answer

Intravenous

Answer

Topical

Question 8

Which characteristic is NOT commonly associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Accepted Answer

Hyperactivity and impulsivity

Answer

Delayed language development

Answer

Difficulties with social interaction and communication

Answer

Repetitive behaviors and restricted interests

Question 9

Which nursing intervention is most appropriate for a child with cerebral palsy who experiences feeding difficulties?

Accepted Answer

Assisting with positioning during feeding

Answer

Providing soft foods that are easy to swallow

Answer

Using a suction device to clear the airway

Answer

Administering anti-nausea medication

Question 10

Sensory processing disorder that commonly occurs in children with developmental disabilities is:

Accepted Answer

Tactile defensiveness

Answer

Hyperactivity

Answer

Autism

Answer

Down syndrome

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a nursing role in caring for children with developmental disabilities?

Accepted Answer

Performing surgery

Answer

Providing support and education to families

Answer

Advocating for the child's rights

Answer

Assessing developmental progress

Question 12

The following are principles of ethical care for children with developmental disabilities, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Charity

Answer

Respect for autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 13

Which of the following factors is strongly linked to an increased risk of developmental disabilities?

Accepted Answer

Advanced maternal age (over 35)

Accepted Answer

Complications during childbirth (e.g., lack of oxygen)

Answer

Limited parental education

Answer

Low family income

Question 14

What is a potential drawback of utilizing standardized developmental screening tools?

Accepted Answer

Unwarranted labeling of children

Answer

Early detection of possible developmental delays

Answer

Reliable and objective data for diagnosis

Answer

Tracking progress over time

Question 15

A child with Down syndrome exhibits delayed motor development. What is the most suitable nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

Encourage parental enrollment in physical therapy.

Answer

Administer muscle-strengthening medication.

Answer

Provide a specialized car seat for support.

Answer

Refer to a developmental pediatrician for assessment.

Question 16

Which statement is NOT a characteristic of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Accepted Answer

Average to above-average cognitive abilities

Answer

Delayed or impaired social interaction and communication

Answer

Restricted range of interests

Answer

Repetitive and stereotyped behaviors

Question 17

The primary nursing intervention to facilitate improved feeding for a child with cerebral palsy who has difficulty feeding is:

Accepted Answer

Adaptive feeding equipment

Answer

Medication to suppress appetite

Answer

Tube feeding

Answer

Prescribed restrictive diet

Question 18

The overarching purpose of early intervention services for children with developmental disabilities centers on:

Accepted Answer

Maximizing potential and preventing secondary complications

Answer

Curing or reversing developmental conditions

Answer

Preventing any regression in acquired skills

Question 19

The legal document that comprehensively outlines educational rights and guarantees for children with disabilities in the United States is:

Accepted Answer

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)

Answer

Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)

Answer

Education for All Handicapped Children Act

Answer

Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Question 20

The family-centered approach to caring for children with developmental disabilities emphasizes:

Accepted Answer

Acknowledging and respecting the family's cultural beliefs and values

Answer

Ignoring the family's cultural and ethnic background

Answer

Excluding the family from decision-making

Answer

Focusing primarily on the identified needs of the child

Question 21

A common medical condition that frequently co-exists with spina bifida is:

Accepted Answer

Hydrocephalus

Answer

Autism spectrum disorder

Answer

Down syndrome

Answer

Cerebral palsy

Question 22

The transition from pediatric to adult healthcare for young adults with developmental disabilities requires:

Accepted Answer

Close collaboration and coordination between healthcare providers

Answer

Immediate cessation of all pediatric services

Answer

Immediate and complete transfer of all care solely to the young adult

Answer

Extensive and redundant testing to re-evaluate disabilities

Question 23

Which of these is a typical characteristic of children with Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Delayed language development

Answer

Precocious puberty

Answer

Hyperactivity

Answer

Normal intellectual development

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of autism spectrum disorder?

Accepted Answer

Typical language development

Answer

Repetitive behaviors

Answer

Difficulty with social interactions

Answer

Sensory sensitivities

Question 25

Which of the following is a nursing intervention for a child with Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Facilitate family support and education

Answer

Restraint the child to prevent wandering

Answer

Isolate the child from other children

Answer

Administer antibiotics to prevent infections

Question 26

Which of the following is the primary cause of cerebral palsy?

Accepted Answer

Brain damage before or during birth

Answer

Environmental factors

Answer

Genetic defects

Answer

Maternal infection

Question 27

Which of the following is a symptom of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty sustaining attention

Answer

High pain tolerance

Answer

Muscle weakness

Answer

Delayed speech development

Question 28

What is the primary role of a nurse in caring for a child with a developmental disability?

Accepted Answer

Advocate for their rights and well-being

Answer

Restraint the child for safety reasons

Answer

Ignore the family's concerns

Answer

Administer medications without parental consent

Question 29

Which of the following is a communication strategy that can be used with children with developmental disabilities?

Accepted Answer

Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) devices

Answer

Sign language only

Answer

No communication attempts

Answer

Verbal therapy only

Question 30

What is the goal of occupational therapy for children with developmental disabilities?

Accepted Answer

Improve fine and gross motor skills

Answer

Increase cognitive abilities

Answer

Eliminate behavioral problems

Answer

Cure the developmental disability

Question 31

What is the most important aspect of caring for a child with a developmental disability?

Accepted Answer

Celebrating their strengths and abilities

Answer

Focusing on their limitations

Answer

Treating them like they are not different

Answer

Isolating them from society

Question 32

Which of the following assessment tools is commonly used to diagnose Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Karyotype analysis

Answer

Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales

Answer

Denver Developmental Screening Test

Question 33

A child with cerebral palsy exhibits hypotonia. Which of the following should the nurse expect to observe?

Accepted Answer

Decreased muscle tone

Answer

Ataxia

Answer

Spasticity

Answer

Increased muscle tone

Question 34

Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a child with sensory processing disorder?

Accepted Answer

Providing a structured and predictable environment

Answer

Encouraging the child to ignore sensory stimuli

Answer

Administering medication to reduce hyperactivity

Answer

Restricting the child's access to sensory experiences

Question 35

Which factor is primarily considered in determining the severity of an intellectual disability?

Accepted Answer

IQ scores

Answer

Educational attainment

Answer

Physical characteristics

Answer

Behavioral challenges

Question 36

What is the primary goal of early intervention services for children with developmental disabilities?

Accepted Answer

To promote optimal developmental outcomes

Answer

To cure the disability

Answer

To prepare children for independent living

Answer

To provide financial assistance to families

Question 37

Which teaching method is most effective for children with developmental disabilities?

Accepted Answer

Using visual aids and concrete examples

Answer

Lectures and textbooks

Answer

Independent study

Answer

Group discussions

Question 38

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

Accepted Answer

Social interaction difficulties

Answer

Advanced language skills

Answer

Typical development in all other areas

Answer

Average intelligence

Question 39

Which of the following is a key nursing intervention for infants with Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Monitoring for feeding difficulties

Answer

Promoting early toilet training

Answer

Delaying vision screenings until after 5 years of age

Answer

Anticipating independent walking by 1 year of age

Question 40

What is the overarching goal of early intervention services designed for children with developmental disabilities?

Accepted Answer

Optimizing growth and development

Answer

Providing respite care for parents

Answer

Reversing the underlying disability

Answer

Ensuring school preparation

Question 41

Which key principle is enshrined in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)?

Accepted Answer

Free and appropriate public education (FAPE)

Answer

Early intervention services from birth to age 3

Answer

Housing assistance for families with disabled children

Answer

Universal healthcare coverage for children with disabilities

Question 42

In planning nursing care for a child with developmental disabilities, which consideration is of paramount importance?

Accepted Answer

Individualized approach

Answer

Adhering to standardized protocols

Answer

Team-based collaboration

Answer

Involving parents

Question 43

Which of the following organizations offers support and resources to individuals with developmental disabilities and their families?

Accepted Answer

The Arc

Answer

American Heart Association

Answer

American Cancer Society

Question 44

Which assessment tool is frequently used to diagnose Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Karyotype

Answer

Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development

Answer

Denver Developmental Screening Test

Answer

M-CHAT

Question 45

Which nursing intervention is suitable for a child diagnosed with cerebral palsy?

Accepted Answer

Positioning and mobility assistance

Answer

Medication administration

Answer

Behavioral therapy

Answer

Surgical intervention

Question 46

Which statement best describes the primary role of a nurse in caring for children with developmental disabilities?

Accepted Answer

Advocate, educator, and support provider

Answer

Primary caregiver

Answer

Therapist

Answer

Medical expert

Question 47

Why is the implementation of family-centered care important in the care of children with developmental disabilities?

Accepted Answer

Empowers families and fosters optimal child development

Answer

Reduces the burden on healthcare professionals

Answer

Provides financial support

Answer

Ensures consistency of care

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?

Accepted Answer

Typical language development

Answer

Difficulty with change

Answer

Repetitive behaviors

Answer

Social difficulties

Question 49

The most common cause of Down syndrome is:

Accepted Answer

Trisomy 21

Answer

Monosomy X

Answer

Fragile X syndrome

Answer

Turner syndrome

Question 50

The primary goal of nursing care for children with developmental disabilities is to:

Accepted Answer

Promote optimal health and well-being

Answer

Prevent developmental regression

Answer

Cure the underlying condition

Answer

Provide social and emotional support

Question 51

A key principle of nursing care for children with developmental disabilities is:

Accepted Answer

Collaboration with families

Answer

Isolation from peers

Answer

Overprotection

Answer

Punitive approaches