Digestive System Quizzes: Test Your Knowledge of Anatomy and Physiology

Question 1

What is the pancreas's main role in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Secreting enzymes and bicarbonate ions into the small intestine

Answer

Releasing hormones that regulate blood sugar

Answer

Absorbing nutrients from the digestive tract

Answer

Storing and concentrating bile

Question 2

In the digestive system, which enzyme is responsible for breaking down proteins?

Accepted Answer

Protease

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Sucrase

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Releasing insulin and glucagon

Answer

Digesting carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Answer

Absorbing nutrients

Answer

Mixing and moving food

Question 4

Which function is NOT performed by the stomach, unlike other digestive tract sections?

Accepted Answer

Absorbs essential nutrients

Answer

Secretes digestive enzymes

Answer

Stores and mixes ingested food

Answer

Neutralizes acidic contents

Question 5

In the stomach, which enzyme kick-starts the breakdown of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Trypsin

Question 6

In the small intestine, what is the primary function of villi and microvilli?

Accepted Answer

Increase surface area for nutrient absorption

Answer

Secrete digestive enzymes and hormones

Answer

Store bile and pancreatic juice

Answer

Regulate the flow of chyme through the digestive tract

Question 7

What is the main function of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Absorb nutrients

Answer

Store food

Answer

Secrete enzymes

Answer

Transport food to the stomach

Question 8

Which accessory organ of the digestive system is solely responsible for producing digestive enzymes?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Liver

Answer

Gallbladder

Answer

Salivary glands

Question 9

Which function is unique to the small intestine, unlike other parts of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream

Answer

Creating digestive enzymes

Answer

Storing undigested food temporarily

Answer

Neutralizing stomach acid with bicarbonate

Question 10

In the digestive system, which enzyme kick-starts the digestion of proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Trypsin

Question 11

Which gland secretes hydrochloric acid and pepsin into the stomach to aid in food digestion?

Accepted Answer

Gastric glands

Answer

Salivary glands

Answer

Pancreatic glands

Answer

Brunner's glands

Question 12

In the digestive process, complex molecules are broken down into smaller units that can be absorbed into the bloodstream. What term best describes this process?

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Secretion

Answer

Excretion

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of digested nutrients

Answer

Mechanical digestion of food

Answer

Secretion of gastric acid and enzymes for chemical digestion

Answer

Temporary storage of ingested food

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the digestive system in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Storing significant amounts of energy reserves for later use

Answer

Breaking down food into smaller molecules for absorption

Answer

Absorbing essential nutrients from digested food

Answer

Eliminating waste products and undigested material

Question 15

Which process is the liver NOT directly involved in, unlike other digestive system organs?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down proteins

Answer

Producing bile

Answer

Detoxifying and filtering blood

Answer

Storing excess glucose as glycogen

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Digestion of proteins

Answer

Secretion of hydrochloric acid

Answer

Motility

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Excretion

Answer

Ingestion

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Absorption

Question 18

Which function is exclusive to the small intestine, unlike the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Absorb nutrients

Answer

Produce mucus

Answer

Store waste

Answer

Ferment carbohydrates

Question 19

Which pancreatic enzyme is crucial for breaking down fats into smaller molecules?

Accepted Answer

Lipase

Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Trypsin

Answer

Amylase

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT an organ of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Brain

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Liver

Answer

Pancreas

Question 21

Within the human digestive system, what is the small intestine's primary role?

Accepted Answer

Absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream

Answer

Storing undigested food before it moves to the large intestine

Answer

Producing enzymes that break down food

Answer

Eliminating waste products through defecation

Question 22

What is a primary function of the digestive system that distinguishes it from other body systems?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down complex molecules into simpler forms

Answer

Regulating fluid and electrolyte levels

Answer

Delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells

Answer

Removing waste products from the body

Question 23

Which enzyme starts the breakdown of proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Sucrase

Question 24

Which organ in the digestive system is primarily responsible for absorbing water and electrolytes back into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Esophagus

Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Stomach

Question 25

Within the digestive system, what is the main function of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Absorb nutrients from digested food

Answer

Temporarily store ingested food

Answer

Mechanically break down food

Answer

Eliminate undigested food and waste

Question 26

Which enzyme kick-starts the breakdown of proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Trypsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Question 27

Within the digestive system, which organ is primarily responsible for absorbing nutrients from the food we consume?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Esophagus

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Thermoregulation

Answer

Ingestion

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Absorption

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the liver in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Absorbing nutrients directly from the digestive tract

Answer

Producing bile for fat digestion

Answer

Storing glucose as glycogen

Answer

Detoxifying harmful substances

Question 30

Which enzyme is responsible for starting the breakdown of proteins in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Sucrase

Answer

Lactase

Question 31

In the small intestine, which enzyme plays the primary role in breaking down complex carbohydrates like starch, enabling their absorption into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Trypsin

Question 32

Which of the following best describes the processes of digestion and absorption?

Accepted Answer

Digestion involves breaking down food into smaller molecules, while absorption is the movement of these molecules into the bloodstream.

Answer

Digestion occurs only in the stomach, while absorption occurs only in the large intestine.

Answer

Nutrient absorption is a passive process that does not require energy.

Answer

The small intestine plays a less important role in nutrient absorption than the large intestine.

Question 33

Which of the following is the ONLY function NOT performed by the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Answer

Mechanical digestion

Answer

Secretion of pepsin

Answer

Absorption of water and electrolytes

Question 34

Which organ is primarily responsible for absorbing nutrients from digested food?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Large intestine

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Storage of food

Answer

Digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Propulsion of food

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Regulating blood sugar levels

Answer

Breaking down food into smaller molecules

Answer

Absorbing nutrients from food

Answer

Eliminating waste products

Question 37

Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Digestion of proteins

Answer

Storage of food

Answer

Production of hydrochloric acid

Question 38

Which macronutrient is initially broken down by salivary amylase in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Vitamins

Question 39

Which organ secretes bicarbonate ions to neutralize stomach acid and protect the duodenum?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Liver

Answer

Gallbladder

Question 40

Which part of the stomach is responsible for physically breaking down food?

Accepted Answer

Stomach muscles

Answer

Gastric glands

Answer

Gastric pits

Answer

Hydrochloric acid

Question 41

Which pancreatic enzyme breaks down triglycerides into fatty acids and glycerol, aiding in fat emulsification within the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Lipase

Answer

Protease

Answer

Amylase

Question 42

Which enzyme, secreted by the stomach, initiates protein digestion by breaking down proteins into smaller peptides?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Question 43

What is the primary function of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient absorption from partially digested food

Answer

Mechanical digestion and water absorption

Answer

Production of bile and pancreatic juices

Answer

Temporary storage and fermentation of food

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Temporarily stores food

Answer

Absorbs nutrients

Answer

Digests carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

Answer

Propels food through the digestive tract

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the stomach in the digestive process?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of nutrients

Answer

Digestion of proteins

Answer

Storage of food before digestion

Answer

Secretion of hydrochloric acid to aid in digestion

Question 46

Which pancreatic enzyme is crucial for breaking down dietary fats into fatty acids and glycerol?

Accepted Answer

Lipase

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Protease

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the liver?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood pressure

Answer

Detoxification of blood

Answer

Production of bile

Answer

Storage of glucose

Question 48

In the stomach's acidic environment, which enzyme kick-starts the digestion of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Trypsin

Question 49

Which organ secretes enzymes that break down proteins?

Accepted Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Liver

Answer

Gallbladder

Answer

Small intestine

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

Exchanging gases with the environment

Answer

Breaking down food into smaller pieces

Answer

Absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream

Answer

Eliminating waste through the rectum

Question 51

Which hormone stimulates parietal cells to secrete gastric acid?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Secretin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Vagus nerve

Question 52

What is the term for the mechanical breakdown of food in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

Mastication

Answer

Ingestion

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Absorption

Question 53

Which hormone stimulates gastric juice secretion in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cholecystokinin

Answer

Glucagon

Question 54

The primary site for the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats is:

Accepted Answer

Liver

Answer

Stomach

Answer

Pancreas

Answer

Small intestine

Question 55

Which function is NOT performed by the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient absorption

Answer

Water absorption

Answer

Waste storage

Answer

Electrolyte balance

Question 56

Which sphincter muscle prevents the backflow of gastric juices into the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac sphincter

Answer

Pyloric sphincter

Answer

Ileocecal valve

Answer

Hepatopancreatic sphincter

Question 57

Which enzyme initiates protein digestion in the stomach?

Accepted Answer

Pepsin

Answer

Amylase

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Maltase

Question 58

Which part of the digestive system primarily absorbs nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Small intestine

Answer

Esophagus

Answer

Large intestine

Answer

Rectum

Question 59

Which hormone stimulates the production of gastric juices?

Accepted Answer

Gastrin

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Somatostatin

Question 60

What is the primary function of villi in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient absorption

Answer

Enzymatic digestion

Answer

Mixing of food

Answer

Propulsion of contents

Question 61

Which stomach cell type secretes hydrochloric acid?

Accepted Answer

Parietal cells

Answer

Chief cells

Answer

Gastric pit cells

Answer

Enteroendocrine cells

Question 62

What is the primary role of the epiglottis?

Accepted Answer

Preventing food from entering the trachea

Answer

Mixing food with saliva

Answer

Producing hydrochloric acid

Answer

Absorbing nutrients

Question 63

Which enzyme breaks down starch into maltose?

Accepted Answer

Amylase

Answer

Protease

Answer

Lipase

Answer

Sucrase

Question 64

Which sphincter prevents the backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac sphincter

Answer

Pyloric sphincter

Answer

Ileocecal valve

Answer

Sphincter of Oddi