Database Management Systems: Concepts and Applications for Nursing

Question 1

What is the purpose of a primary key in a database table?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each row

Answer

To store the most important data

Answer

To sort the data

Answer

To calculate other values

Question 2

In a highly normalized database, which of the following is a potential disadvantage?

Accepted Answer

Increased data update complexity

Answer

Reduced data redundancy

Answer

Improved data retrieval performance

Answer

Enhanced data security

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a core component of a relational database management system (RDBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Spreadsheet Application

Answer

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Answer

Data Definition Language (DDL)

Answer

Database Query Language (DQL)

Question 4

In database design, what is the initial step?

Accepted Answer

Establish the database's purpose and scope

Answer

Create the database's structure

Answer

Fill the database with information

Answer

Optimize the database's structure

Question 5

In a relational database management system (RDBMS), which feature enables modifications to the database structure without impacting the application programs?

Accepted Answer

Data independence

Answer

Hierarchical data model

Answer

Multi-user support

Answer

Structured Query Language (SQL)

Question 6

Which component is NOT an essential part of a relational database management system (RDBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Operating system

Answer

Data

Answer

Metadata

Answer

Query language

Question 7

In a relational database, what serves as the primary structure for storing and managing data?

Accepted Answer

Table

Answer

Spreadsheet

Answer

Word processing document

Answer

Presentation slide

Question 8

Which step is crucial in the database design process?

Accepted Answer

Entity-relationship modeling

Answer

Data warehousing

Answer

Data mining

Answer

Data security implementation

Question 9

Which step is part of the Entity-Relationship (E-R) modeling process?

Accepted Answer

Identify entities and attributes, define relationships, normalize the model, and generate a physical database schema

Answer

Normalize the model, generate a physical database schema, identify entities and attributes, and define relationships

Answer

Define relationships, identify entities and attributes, generate a physical database schema, and normalize the model

Answer

Generate a physical database schema, define relationships, identify entities and attributes, and normalize the model

Question 10

In database normalization, which form ensures that all non-key attributes are fully dependent on the primary key?

Accepted Answer

Third Normal Form (3NF)

Answer

First Normal Form (1NF)

Answer

Second Normal Form (2NF)

Answer

Fourth Normal Form (4NF)

Question 11

Which characteristic is NOT associated with a normalized database?

Accepted Answer

Increased data complexity

Answer

Elimination of redundant data

Answer

Consistency of data

Answer

Improved performance

Question 12

Which data type is not supported in SQL?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Integer

Answer

Char

Answer

Boolean

Question 13

What is a potential disadvantage of database normalization?

Accepted Answer

Increased data update complexity

Answer

Reduced data redundancy

Answer

Improved data retrieval efficiency

Answer

Enhanced data security

Question 14

Which aspect of database management systems (DBMS) is often seen as a disadvantage?

Accepted Answer

Limited flexibility and scalability

Answer

Centralized data storage

Answer

Enhanced data security

Answer

Elimination of data duplication

Question 15

In database design, which principle is essential for preventing data duplication and maintaining data consistency?

Accepted Answer

Database Normalization

Answer

Data Redundancy

Answer

Complex Table Structures

Answer

Limited Data Constraints

Question 16

Which component is NOT part of a relational database management system (R DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Application programs

Answer

Data

Answer

Metadata

Answer

Query processor

Question 17

Which data type is NOT supported by SQL?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Integer

Answer

Boolean

Answer

Date

Question 18

Identify the essential components of the Entity-Relationship (ER) Model:

Accepted Answer

Entities

Accepted Answer

Attributes

Accepted Answer

Relationships

Answer

Data Types

Question 19

In a healthcare setting, what is a key advantage of using a database management system (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced data security and access control

Answer

Increased data redundancy across multiple systems

Answer

Limited data accessibility for authorized medical professionals

Answer

Complex and resource-intensive data management processes

Question 20

In a relational database management system (RDBMS), which element is essential?

Accepted Answer

Tables and rows

Answer

Forms and reports

Answer

Macros and modules

Answer

Pivot tables and charts

Question 21

In a database table containing employee information, which attribute is most suitable to serve as the primary key?

Accepted Answer

Employee ID

Answer

Employee Name

Answer

Department

Answer

Salary

Question 22

Which responsibility is **not** typically handled by a Database Administrator (DBA)?

Accepted Answer

Providing technical support and training to users

Answer

Designing and implementing databases

Answer

Optimizing database performance

Question 23

Within a database management system, which data manipulation language is specifically designed to retrieve and modify data?

Accepted Answer

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Answer

Data Definition Language (DDL)

Answer

Data Control Language (DCL)

Answer

Transaction Control Language (TCL)

Question 24

What is a potential disadvantage of database normalization?

Accepted Answer

Higher data storage requirements

Answer

Reduced data redundancy

Answer

Improved data consistency

Answer

Increased database performance

Question 25

To prevent unauthorized access to a database, which security measure is specifically employed?

Accepted Answer

User authentication

Answer

Data encryption

Answer

Firewall protection

Answer

Data auditing

Question 26

What is the primary goal of database security?

Accepted Answer

Prevent unauthorized access and data alteration

Answer

Maintain data integrity and consistency

Answer

Optimize database performance and resource consumption

Answer

Ensure data availability and accessibility for authorized users

Question 27

How do database standards, like ANSI SQL, promote data interoperability and portability?

Accepted Answer

They establish a shared language and data formats for databases, allowing for effortless data exchange.

Answer

They enhance data security by implementing strict access controls.

Answer

They optimize database efficiency by standardizing data storage and retrieval techniques.

Answer

They make data conversion tools unnecessary when transferring data between systems.

Question 28

How do artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) transform database management? Discuss their roles in automating tasks, enhancing data analysis, and supporting effective decision-making.

Accepted Answer

AI and ML automate repetitive tasks like data entry and cleaning, freeing up database administrators for more strategic work.

Accepted Answer

AI and ML uncover patterns and trends in large datasets that manual analysis might miss.

Accepted Answer

AI and ML improve decision-making by providing real-time insights and recommendations based on data analysis.

Question 29

Evaluate the ethical and societal implications of big data and data mining in healthcare.

Accepted Answer

Enhanced healthcare outcomes through improved diagnostic accuracy and tailored treatments

Accepted Answer

Elevated risk of data breaches and privacy concerns

Accepted Answer

Possibility of bias and discrimination in healthcare decisions

Question 30

In database management, what is the main purpose of referential integrity?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining data accuracy and consistency by enforcing relationships between tables

Answer

Ensuring that data entered is valid and in the correct format

Answer

Preventing duplicate data entries

Answer

Enhancing data security and encryption

Question 31

What is the primary function of a primary key in a relational database table?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each row in the table

Answer

To establish relationships between tables

Answer

To enforce data constraints

Answer

To optimize query performance

Question 32

What is the primary purpose of a foreign key constraint in a relational database?

Accepted Answer

To ensure referential integrity by linking data between tables

Answer

To prevent duplicate data entries

Answer

To optimize database performance

Answer

To enforce data type consistency

Question 33

Which of the following data types is considered atypical for storage in a relational database management system?

Accepted Answer

Image

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 34

What is the primary objective of data normalization in database design?

Accepted Answer

To reduce data redundancy and ensure data integrity

Answer

To enhance database query performance

Answer

To guarantee consistent data formatting throughout the database

Answer

To protect data from unauthorized access

Question 35

What is database auditing and why is it crucial for maintaining data security and compliance in healthcare organizations?

Accepted Answer

Database auditing involves monitoring and recording database activities to detect unauthorized access, data breaches, and compliance violations.

Answer

Database auditing solely focuses on preventing data breaches.

Answer

Database auditing is only essential for organizations handling highly sensitive data.

Answer

Database auditing can be effectively performed manually by IT personnel.

Question 36

Why are data integrity constraints crucial for maintaining data accuracy and consistency in a database management system?

Accepted Answer

They prevent invalid or conflicting data entry, ensuring data accuracy.

Answer

They restrict unauthorized access, protecting data privacy.

Answer

They optimize data storage and retrieval, improving efficiency.

Answer

They enhance data accessibility for analysis and reporting.

Question 37

Which database backup method involves creating an exact copy of the entire database at regular intervals?

Accepted Answer

Full backup

Answer

Incremental backup

Answer

Differential backup

Answer

Log backup

Question 38

Which of the following components is **NOT** found in a Database Management System (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Network interface card

Answer

Database engine

Answer

Query processor

Answer

Data dictionary

Question 39

For representing hierarchical relationships in a database, which data model would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Network model

Answer

Relational model

Answer

Entity-relationship model

Answer

Object-oriented model

Question 40

In a relational database, what is the primary purpose of a primary key?

Accepted Answer

To guarantee unique identification of each row in a table

Answer

To maintain referential integrity between tables

Answer

To optimize query performance

Answer

To hold additional information about rows

Question 41

To create a new database in SQL, which command should you use?

Accepted Answer

CREATE DATABASE

Answer

CREATE TABLE

Answer

INSERT INTO

Answer

SELECT * FROM

Question 42

What is the primary aim of normalization in database design?

Accepted Answer

To reduce data redundancy and enhance data integrity

Answer

To simplify database structure and improve performance

Answer

To enforce business rules and guarantee data consistency

Answer

To optimize data storage and minimize disk space utilization

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT a major component of a database management system (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Operating system

Answer

Database engine

Answer

Data definition language (DDL)

Answer

Query language

Question 44

Which data model organizes data into tables, rows, and columns, with each table representing a specific entity or concept?

Accepted Answer

Relational model

Answer

Hierarchical model

Answer

Object-oriented model

Answer

Network model

Question 45

Which SQL command is used to insert a new row of data into a table?

Accepted Answer

INSERT

Answer

SELECT

Answer

CREATE

Answer

UPDATE

Question 46

Which type of database schema is specifically designed to represent hierarchical relationships between data, commonly used for storing organizational structures?

Accepted Answer

Tree schema

Answer

Star schema

Answer

Snowflake schema

Answer

Graph schema

Question 47

Which data type is most suitable for storing a patient's weight in kilograms?

Accepted Answer

Float

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 48

Which database management technique involves creating additional structures to speed up data retrieval and improve query performance?

Accepted Answer

Indexing

Answer

Normalization

Answer

Denormalization

Answer

Clustering

Question 49

In an entity-relationship diagram, what characteristic distinguishes a primary key?

Accepted Answer

Uniquely identifies each entity in a set

Answer

Describes an entity's attributes

Answer

Represents a connection between two entities

Answer

Ensures data accuracy

Question 50

Which of the following is not a fundamental component of a Database Management System (DBMS)?

Accepted Answer

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Answer

Data Definition Language (DDL)

Answer

Data Query Language (DQL)

Answer

Data Manipulation Language (DML)

Question 51

What is the primary purpose of a primary key in a database table?

Accepted Answer

To uniquely identify each record within a table

Answer

To establish relationships between different tables

Answer

To store frequently accessed data for performance optimization

Answer

To restrict unauthorized access to sensitive data

Question 52

Which SQL command is used to retrieve data from a database?

Accepted Answer

SELECT

Answer

INSERT

Answer

UPDATE

Answer

DELETE

Question 53

What is the primary goal of data normalization in database design?

Accepted Answer

To minimize data redundancy and improve data integrity

Answer

To increase data accessibility and simplify data analysis

Answer

To enhance data security and privacy

Answer

To optimize database performance

Question 54

Which type of database query allows data retrieval from multiple tables?

Accepted Answer

Join query

Answer

Simple query

Answer

Complex query

Answer

Subquery

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of Object-Oriented Database Management Systems (OODBMS) compared to relational DBMS?

Accepted Answer

Potentially slower performance for complex queries due to less optimized data structures

Answer

Enhanced data modeling for complex structures and relationships

Answer

Support for inheritance and polymorphism for flexible data models

Answer

Enhanced support for storing and managing multimedia data types

Question 56

Which backup method offers the fastest recovery time and minimal data loss?

Accepted Answer

Full backup

Answer

Incremental backup

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a relational database?

Accepted Answer

Data is organized in a hierarchical manner.

Answer

Data is organized in tables.

Answer

Rows are uniquely identified by a primary key.

Answer

Relationships between tables are defined using foreign keys.

Question 58

What is the primary purpose of normalization in database design?

Accepted Answer

To reduce data redundancy and improve data integrity.

Answer

To increase the size of the database.

Answer

To make the database more complex.

Answer

To eliminate the need for foreign keys.

Question 59

What is the primary purpose of an index in a database?

Accepted Answer

To enhance the speed of data retrieval.

Answer

To ensure data accuracy.

Answer

To prevent data loss.

Answer

To delete duplicate data.

Question 60

Which of the following database management systems is open-source and freely available?

Accepted Answer

MySQL

Answer

Oracle

Answer

Microsoft SQL Server

Answer

IBM DB2

Question 61

What is the key difference between a primary key and a foreign key in a relational database?

Accepted Answer

A primary key identifies a unique row in a table, while a foreign key references a primary key in another table.

Answer

A foreign key identifies a unique row in a table, while a primary key references a foreign key in another table.

Answer

Both primary keys and foreign keys identify unique rows in a table.

Answer

There is no difference between a primary key and a foreign key.

Question 62

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using a database management system compared to flat files?

Accepted Answer

Increased data redundancy.

Answer

Improved data security.

Answer

Enhanced data integrity.

Answer

Efficient data retrieval.

Question 63

What is the primary purpose of using a transaction in a database?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that a set of database operations are either all completed successfully or none are completed.

Answer

To increase the speed of data processing.

Answer

To prevent data loss.

Answer

To create a backup of the database.

Question 64

What is the purpose of a data dictionary in a database system?

Accepted Answer

To store metadata about the database's structure and contents.

Answer

To provide a user-friendly interface.

Answer

To improve database performance.

Answer

To prevent data loss.