Master the Basics: Nutrients and Their Vital Functions

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Building body tissues

Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Storing energy

Answer

Aiding in digestion

Question 2

Which type of protein is responsible for structural functions in the body, such as building and repairing tissues?

Accepted Answer

Structural proteins

Answer

Enzymes

Answer

Hormones

Answer

Transport proteins

Question 3

Which of the following fatty acids is essential and cannot be synthesized by the body?

Accepted Answer

Polyunsaturated fat

Answer

Saturated fat

Answer

Monounsaturated fat

Answer

Trans fat

Question 4

Which mineral is essential for maintaining strong and healthy bones?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Potassium

Question 5

Which of the following food groups is a good source of complete protein?

Accepted Answer

Legumes and nuts

Answer

Fruits and vegetables

Answer

Whole grains

Answer

Dairy products

Question 6

Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with vitamin C deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Night blindness

Answer

Rickets

Answer

Anemia

Question 7

What is the primary function of the digestive system with regards to nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Breaking down food into smaller molecules

Answer

Absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream

Answer

Storing excess nutrients

Answer

Eliminating waste products

Question 8

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Storing energy

Answer

Building body tissues

Answer

Regulating blood sugar

Question 9

Proteins perform various essential functions in the body. Which of the following is NOT a role of proteins?

Accepted Answer

Storing energy for later use

Answer

Providing structural support for tissues

Answer

Synthesizing hormones and enzymes

Question 10

Absorption of calcium, a crucial mineral for bone health, requires the presence of a specific vitamin. Which vitamin plays a key role in calcium absorption?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Question 11

Vitamin C, a water-soluble vitamin, is abundant in various fruits and vegetables. Which of the following food sources is a rich source of vitamin C?

Accepted Answer

Citrus fruits

Answer

Meat

Answer

Dairy products

Question 12

Deficiencies in certain nutrients can lead to specific health consequences. Which dietary deficiency is characterized by impaired wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C deficiency

Answer

Vitamin A deficiency

Answer

Protein deficiency

Question 13

Which physiological function is NOT associated with carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Regulating blood glucose levels

Answer

Building and repairing tissues

Question 14

Which characteristic distinguishes essential amino acids?

Accepted Answer

Must be obtained from the diet

Answer

Can be synthesized by the body

Answer

Not required for optimal bodily function

Answer

Found only in plant-based foods

Question 15

Which type of fat is predominantly found in animal products and has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fat

Answer

Monounsaturated fat

Answer

Polyunsaturated fat

Answer

Trans fat

Question 16

Which food is a rich source of both calcium and vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

Milk

Answer

Spinach

Answer

Orange juice

Answer

Whole-grain bread

Question 17

Which mineral is crucial for transporting oxygen in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Sodium

Question 18

What is the primary function of dietary fiber in the body?

Accepted Answer

Promoting bowel regularity

Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Regulating blood glucose levels

Answer

Supporting immune function

Question 19

Which food is a good source of both fiber and complex carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Brown rice

Answer

White bread

Answer

Candy

Answer

Fruit juice

Question 20

Which nutrient provides the body with the majority of its energy?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Answer

Protein

Answer

Vitamins

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a classification of nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Essential nutrients

Answer

Macronutrients

Answer

Micronutrients

Answer

Vitamins

Question 22

Which of the following vitamins is crucial for the absorption of calcium?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin E

Question 23

Which of the following minerals plays a vital role in red blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Magnesium

Answer

Zinc

Question 24

Which of the following foods is considered a complete protein source?

Accepted Answer

Eggs

Answer

Beans

Answer

Oatmeal

Answer

Rice

Question 25

Which of the following nutrients is crucial for muscle function?

Accepted Answer

Potassium

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Sodium

Question 26

What is the primary role of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy for cells

Answer

Supporting bone and teeth health

Answer

Regulating fluid balance

Answer

Promoting tissue growth and repair

Question 27

Which of the following is a primary role of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Providing structural support

Answer

Boosting immune function

Answer

Facilitating blood clotting

Question 28

Which type of protein is abundant in muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Myosin

Answer

Globulin

Answer

Enzyme

Answer

Hemoglobin

Question 29

Which of the following fats is a saturated fat?

Accepted Answer

Butter

Answer

Olive oil

Answer

Avocado oil

Answer

Sunflower oil

Question 30

Which vitamin plays a vital role in bone health?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin E

Question 31

Which food item is a good source of both fiber and carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

Brown rice

Answer

White bread

Answer

Potato chips

Answer

Chocolate bar

Question 32

Which nutrient is required for the production of hormones?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

Fat

Answer

Vitamin

Question 33

Which type of carbohydrate is found in abundance in bread and pasta?

Accepted Answer

Starch

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Fructose

Answer

Lactose

Question 34

Which mineral is essential for the production of thyroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Answer

Iron

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Potassium

Question 35

Which macronutrient serves as the primary source of energy for the body?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Answer

Minerals

Question 36

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

Accepted Answer

Leucine

Answer

Alanine

Answer

Glutamic acid

Answer

Asparagine

Question 37

Which vitamin is water-soluble and involved in the synthesis of collagen and elastin?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 38

Which of the following is a good source of polyunsaturated fats?

Accepted Answer

Olive oil

Answer

Butter

Answer

Coconut oil

Answer

Lard

Question 39

Which hormone stimulates the uptake of glucose into cells?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Cortisol

Question 40

Which of the following dietary recommendations is NOT a component of a heart-healthy diet?

Accepted Answer

Low intake of fruits and vegetables

Answer

High intake of saturated fats

Answer

Moderate intake of sodium

Answer

High intake of processed meats

Question 41

Which condition is caused by a deficiency of vitamin C?

Accepted Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Pellagra

Answer

Rickets

Answer

Beriberi

Question 42

Which macronutrient serves as the body's primary energy source?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 43

Identify the vitamin essential for proper blood coagulation:

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Question 44

Which mineral is vital for red blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

Iron

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Sodium

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of essential nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Can be synthesized by the body

Answer

Necessary for optimal health

Answer

Must be acquired from the diet

Question 46

Whole grains, legumes, and vegetables are considered rich sources of:

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 47

Which of the following is a primary function of proteins in the body?

Accepted Answer

Building and repairing bodily tissues

Answer

Regulating hormone levels

Answer

Providing energy

Question 48

Which nutrient is crucial for maintaining healthy bones and teeth?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Iron

Question 49

The process by which the body converts nutrients into energy is known as:

Accepted Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Absorption

Question 50

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Insulates and protects organs

Answer

Provides energy for cellular processes

Answer

Regulates blood sugar levels

Answer

Facilitates fat storage

Question 51

Which type of protein is primarily responsible for catalyzing biochemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Enzymatic proteins

Answer

Structural proteins

Answer

Hormonal proteins

Answer

Transport proteins

Question 52

Which of the following is a characteristic of saturated fats?

Accepted Answer

Solid at room temperature

Answer

Liquid at room temperature

Answer

High in cholesterol

Answer

Promotes cardiovascular health

Question 53

Vitamin C plays a vital role in which of the following bodily processes?

Accepted Answer

Immune system function

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Bone formation

Answer

Blood clotting

Question 54

Which mineral is essential for the production of thyroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

Iodine

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Sodium

Question 55

Which of the following foods is a good source of fiber?

Accepted Answer

Brown rice

Answer

White bread

Answer

Soda

Answer

Candy

Question 56

A deficiency in which vitamin can lead to impaired night vision?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin E

Question 57

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of excessive sodium intake?

Accepted Answer

Improved heart health

Answer

High blood pressure

Answer

Edema (swelling)

Answer

Increased risk of stroke

Question 58

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient? (Micronutrient)

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 59

The primary physiological role of proteins is to:

Accepted Answer

Build and repair tissues

Answer

Provide energy

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Answer

Facilitate chemical reactions

Question 60

Which of the following is a water-soluble vitamin?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin E

Question 61

The essential mineral involved in bone formation is:

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Zinc

Question 62

Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate? (Polysaccharide)

Accepted Answer

Starch

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Fructose

Answer

Sucrose

Question 63

The process by which the body breaks down fats for energy is called:

Accepted Answer

Lipolysis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Proteolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 64

Which of the following is a major health concern associated with excessive saturated fat intake?

Accepted Answer

Heart disease

Answer

Cancer

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Diabetes