Operating System Concepts: Master the Fundamentals of OS

Question 1

Which of the following is **NOT** a primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Providing a Graphical User Interface (GUI)

Answer

Managing system resources

Answer

Scheduling and executing processes

Answer

Performing file and directory maintenance

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Encrypting user data

Answer

Managing memory allocation

Answer

Scheduling process execution

Question 3

In an operating system, which mechanism is primarily responsible for controlling access to resources and ensuring system security?

Accepted Answer

Authentication and Authorization

Answer

Encryption and Decryption

Answer

Input/Output Control

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Word processing

Answer

Memory management

Answer

Resource management

Answer

Process management

Question 5

Which scheduling algorithm assigns processes to the CPU based on the shortest estimated execution time?

Accepted Answer

Shortest Job First (SJF)

Answer

First-Come First-Served (FCFS)

Answer

Priority Scheduling

Answer

Round Robin

Question 6

What is the purpose of virtual memory in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To extend the physical memory of a computer

Answer

To protect the operating system from viruses

Answer

To eliminate the need for a hard disk drive

Answer

To improve processor performance

Question 7

Which file system structure organizes files and directories in a hierarchical tree-like manner?

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical

Answer

Linked

Answer

Indexed

Answer

Sequential

Question 8

What is the process by which the operating system loads programs into memory before their execution?

Accepted Answer

Loading

Answer

Scheduling

Answer

Paging

Answer

Swapping

Question 9

Which type of operating system kernel provides the highest level of security and flexibility?

Accepted Answer

Microkernel

Answer

Hybrid

Answer

Monolithic

Answer

Object-oriented

Question 10

What is the primary purpose of a system call in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To request services from the operating system kernel

Answer

To allocate memory

Answer

To create a file

Answer

To terminate a process

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a common type of operating system interface?

Accepted Answer

Natural language

Answer

Command line

Answer

Voice

Answer

Graphical user interface (GUI)

Question 12

What is the main advantage of using a distributed operating system?

Accepted Answer

Resource sharing

Answer

Increased performance

Answer

Improved security

Answer

Simplified administration

Question 13

Which of the following is a common performance metric for operating systems?

Accepted Answer

Throughput

Answer

Disk space usage

Answer

Number of users

Answer

Cost per user

Question 14

Which of the following is a core responsibility of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Facilitate interaction between the user and hardware

Answer

Develop software applications

Answer

Store data permanently

Question 15

Which process scheduling algorithm assigns priority based on the time a process entered the system?

Accepted Answer

First-Come First-Served (FCFS)

Answer

Round-Robin Scheduling

Answer

Shortest Job First (SJF)

Answer

Priority-Based Scheduling

Question 16

What is the primary purpose of virtual memory in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Extend the capacity of physical memory by utilizing secondary storage

Answer

Guarantee data integrity

Answer

Accelerate memory access speed

Question 17

Which file system type is optimized for storing extensive data?

Accepted Answer

Extent-based file system

Answer

Indexed file system

Answer

FAT file system

Answer

NTFS file system

Question 18

What is a key benefit of multitasking in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Concurrent execution of multiple programs, optimizing system utilization

Answer

Guaranteed isolation between running programs

Answer

Reduced memory consumption by individual programs

Question 19

What is the primary function of a shell in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Provide a command-line interface for user interaction

Answer

Manage the execution of user programs

Answer

Regulate system resource access

Question 20

What is the fundamental distinction between a kernel process and a user-space process?

Accepted Answer

Kernel processes possess direct access to hardware resources

Answer

Kernel processes are user-initiated

Answer

User-space processes cannot interact with the kernel

Question 21

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of a distributed operating system?

Accepted Answer

Interconnected computers sharing resources

Answer

Centralized processing on a single CPU

Answer

Data storage confined to a single machine

Question 22

What is the primary objective of an operating system scheduler?

Accepted Answer

Efficient allocation and management of resources among active programs

Answer

System protection from unauthorized access

Answer

Deadlock prevention

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a core responsibility of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Text processing

Answer

Memory management

Answer

Process scheduling

Answer

File system management

Question 24

Which memory allocation technique divides memory into fixed-size sections?

Accepted Answer

Partitioning

Answer

Virtual Memory

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Paging

Question 25

What is the primary purpose of a file system in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

To organize and manage files on storage devices.

Answer

To facilitate network communication.

Answer

To provide a graphical user interface.

Answer

To interpret user commands.

Question 26

What is the key objective of virtualization in the context of operating systems?

Accepted Answer

To allow multiple operating systems to run concurrently on a single physical machine.

Answer

To strengthen security measures.

Answer

To enhance system performance.

Question 27

Which characteristic distinguishes a multi-user operating system?

Accepted Answer

It enables multiple users to access the system simultaneously.

Answer

It supports only a specific type of application.

Answer

It operates on a single-core processor.

Question 28

What is the primary advantage of utilizing a graphical user interface (GUI) in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

It improves user-friendliness and simplifies system interaction.

Answer

It is exclusively suited for handheld devices.

Answer

It may compromise system performance.

Answer

It necessitates specialized hardware.

Question 29

Which of the following tasks is typically handled by the kernel of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Managing hardware resources

Answer

Creating user accounts

Answer

Compiling software applications

Answer

Downloading files from the internet

Question 30

What is the primary role of a device driver in an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Translating commands into a format compatible with a specific hardware device.

Answer

Providing a graphical user interface for the device.

Answer

Storing data generated by the device.

Answer

Detecting and resolving hardware malfunctions.

Question 31

Which scheduling algorithm prioritizes short-duration processes over long-duration processes?

Accepted Answer

Shortest Job First

Answer

First Come First Served

Answer

Priority-based

Answer

Round Robin

Question 32

Which memory management technique creates fixed-size blocks of memory called pages and maps them to physical memory?

Accepted Answer

Paging

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Virtual memory

Answer

Demand paging

Question 33

Which file system structure organizes data as a hierarchical tree of directories and files?

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical File System

Answer

Inverted File System

Answer

Linear File System

Answer

Graph File System

Question 34

Which type of operating system is designed for systems with limited resources, such as embedded systems?

Accepted Answer

Real-time operating system

Answer

Time-sharing operating system

Answer

Multi-user operating system

Answer

Batch operating system

Question 35

Which of the following is a key advantage of multi-threading?

Accepted Answer

Improved performance

Answer

Simplified programming

Answer

Increased reliability

Answer

Reduced memory usage

Question 36

Which of the following is a characteristic of distributed operating systems?

Accepted Answer

Transparency

Answer

Low reliability

Answer

Centralized control

Answer

Limited scalability

Question 37

Identify the essential function of an operating system:

Accepted Answer

To manage and regulate both hardware and software resources effectively.

Answer

To primarily provide users with an accessible and intuitive interface.

Answer

To focus on storing and recovering data belonging to users.

Answer

To exclusively execute and create various programs.

Question 38

Describe the primary purpose of file management in an operating system:

Accepted Answer

To effectively organize and manipulate files stored on secondary storage devices.

Answer

To meticulously plan and execute processes.

Answer

To create and manage virtual memory efficiently.

Question 39

Explain the role of a scheduler in an operating system:

Accepted Answer

To determine and select the next process that will execute on the CPU.

Answer

To allocate memory to different processes.

Answer

To manage and organize files and directories.

Question 40

Identify an advantage of employing a virtual machine:

Accepted Answer

Provides robust isolation and enhanced security.

Answer

Exclusively improves overall system performance.

Answer

Significantly reduces memory consumption.

Answer

Eliminates the requirement for physical machines.

Question 41

Describe the main purpose of a file system:

Accepted Answer

To organize and manage files efficiently on a specified storage device.

Answer

To strictly protect and secure files from unauthorized access.

Answer

To exclusively provide a user-friendly interface for interacting with files.

Answer

To primarily create and delete files.

Question 42

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of an operating system?

Accepted Answer

Word processing

Answer

Memory management

Answer

File management

Answer

Process management

Question 43

Which scheduling algorithm ensures that all processes receive a fair share of the CPU?

Accepted Answer

Round Robin

Answer

Priority Scheduling

Answer

Shortest-Job-First

Answer

First-Come First-Served

Question 44

Which file system stores files in a tree-like structure?

Accepted Answer

Hierarchical file system

Answer

Flat file system

Answer

Database file system

Question 45

What is the primary goal of a deadlock prevention algorithm?

Accepted Answer

To ensure that no deadlocks occur in the system

Answer

To detect and recover from deadlocks

Answer

To increase system throughput

Question 46

What is the purpose of a system call?

Accepted Answer

To request a service from the kernel

Answer

To terminate a process

Answer

To allocate memory

Answer

To create a new process

Question 47

Which of the following is a security mechanism used to ensure data integrity?

Accepted Answer

Checksums

Answer

Encryption

Answer

Firewalls

Question 48

What is the major advantage of virtualization?

Accepted Answer

Running multiple operating systems on a single physical machine

Answer

Increased performance

Answer

Improved security

Question 49

Which of the following is a characteristic of a distributed operating system?

Accepted Answer

Processes can be distributed across multiple computers

Answer

It runs on a single computer

Answer

It is less efficient than a monolithic operating system

Answer

It uses a centralized kernel

Question 50

Which scheduling algorithm ensures fairness in CPU time distribution and assigns equal time slices to processes?

Accepted Answer

Round Robin

Answer

First-Come, First-Served

Answer

Shortest Job First

Answer

Priority Scheduling

Question 51

In virtual memory management, what is the primary purpose of a page table?

Accepted Answer

To translate virtual addresses to physical addresses, enabling efficient access to data in memory

Answer

To manage disk space allocation

Answer

To store the entire program code in memory

Question 52

Which file system type is no longer commonly used in modern operating systems?

Accepted Answer

FAT16

Answer

ext4

Answer

NTFS

Question 53

A process is in the 'ready' state when it:

Accepted Answer

Is queued in line, awaiting its turn to be scheduled on the CPU

Answer

Has been terminated and removed from memory

Answer

Is paused and waiting for input/output operations to complete

Answer

Is currently executing on the CPU

Question 54

Which memory management technique divides memory into fixed-size blocks, with each process allocated a specific block?

Accepted Answer

Partitioning

Answer

Paging

Answer

Segmentation

Answer

Virtual Memory

Question 55

What is the primary responsibility of a device driver?

Accepted Answer

To act as an intermediary between the operating system and hardware devices, facilitating communication and control

Answer

To manage the flow of data among processes

Answer

To allocate memory resources to different processes

Question 56

In multi-user operating systems, which mechanism ensures that running processes do not interfere with or corrupt each other's data?

Accepted Answer

Process isolation

Answer

Memory segmentation

Answer

Virtual memory

Answer

Multithreading

Question 57

One of the primary advantages of using a file system is:

Accepted Answer

Providing organized storage and efficient retrieval of data

Answer

Reducing overall memory consumption

Answer

Enhancing the speed of CPU processing

Question 58

A deadlock situation arises when:

Accepted Answer

Multiple processes enter a state of indefinite waiting, each requiring a resource held by another, leading to a circular dependency

Answer

The operating system exhausts available memory

Answer

A process terminates unexpectedly

Question 59

Describe the fundamental difference between a monolithic kernel and a microkernel:

Accepted Answer

A monolithic kernel integrates all system components into a single address space, while a microkernel adopts a modular approach, separating components into independent processes

Answer

Monolithic kernels offer superior security compared to microkernels