Types of Hydropower Plants: A Comprehensive Guide for Renewable Energy Students

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a type of hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Pumped-storage

Answer

Tidal

Question 2

What is a major benefit of using a pumped-storage hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

It provides flexibility in managing electricity demand.

Answer

It has higher efficiency than other hydropower plants.

Answer

It has a lower environmental impact than other hydropower plants.

Question 3

Which hydropower plant type allows for water to flow bidirectionally between reservoirs, enabling reversible operation?

Accepted Answer

Pumped-storage hydropower plant

Answer

Run-of-the-river hydropower plant

Answer

Impoundment hydropower plant

Question 4

Identify the component of a hydropower plant that converts water's kinetic energy into electrical energy.

Accepted Answer

Turbine

Answer

Reservoir

Answer

Penstock

Answer

Dam

Question 5

Which hydropower plant type is suitable for areas with consistent water flow and low elevation difference?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river hydropower plant

Answer

Pumped-storage hydropower plant

Answer

Tidal hydropower plant

Answer

Impoundment hydropower plant

Question 6

Identify the primary environmental concern associated with constructing impoundment hydropower plants.

Accepted Answer

Habitat loss and fragmentation

Answer

Acidification

Answer

Noise pollution

Answer

Greenhouse gas emissions

Question 7

Which hydropower plant type harnesses the natural tidal fluctuations to generate electricity?

Accepted Answer

Tidal hydropower plant

Answer

Impoundment hydropower plant

Answer

Pumped-storage hydropower plant

Answer

Run-of-the-river hydropower plant

Question 8

What is the primary function of a dam in an impoundment hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Reservoir creation and water flow regulation

Answer

Electricity generation

Answer

Irrigation water regulation

Answer

Excess water storage

Question 9

Identify a disadvantage associated with hydropower plant construction.

Accepted Answer

Displacement and relocation of local communities

Answer

High maintenance expenses

Answer

Intermittent power generation

Answer

Low energy efficiency

Question 10

Which turbine type is typically used in high-head hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

Pelton turbine

Answer

Cross-flow turbine

Answer

Francis turbine

Answer

Kaplan turbine

Question 11

What is the main purpose of a penstock in a hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Convey water from the reservoir to the turbine

Answer

Water flow regulation

Answer

Electricity generation

Answer

Water storage for later use

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a type of hydropower plant?

Accepted Answer

Wind

Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Dam

Answer

Pumped-storage

Question 13

For small-scale electricity generation, which type of hydropower plant harnesses the natural flow of a river?

Accepted Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Impoundment

Answer

Pumped-storage

Answer

Tidal

Question 14

Which hydropower plant type is best suited to quickly adjust to changing electricity needs?

Accepted Answer

Pumped-storage

Answer

Run-of-the-river

Answer

Impoundment

Answer

Diversion

Question 15

Which type of hydropower plant creates a reservoir using a large dam and generates electricity as the water flows through turbines?

Accepted Answer

Reservoir hydropower plant

Answer

Pumped-storage hydropower plant

Answer

Tidal hydropower plant

Answer

Run-of-the-river hydropower plant

Question 16

Compared to reservoir hydropower plants, what is a key environmental benefit of run-of-the-river hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

Lower impact on aquatic ecosystems

Answer

Higher energy output

Answer

Longer lifespan

Answer

Lower construction costs

Question 17

In which component of a pumped-storage hydropower plant is energy consumed to pump water back to the upper reservoir?

Accepted Answer

Pump

Answer

Penstock

Answer

Generator

Answer

Turbine

Question 18

What type of hydropower plant generates electricity by harnessing the energy of the rising and falling tides?

Accepted Answer

Tidal hydropower plant

Answer

Wave hydropower plant

Answer

Run-of-the-river hydropower plant

Answer

Pumped-storage hydropower plant

Question 19

Which of the following is a substantial environmental concern associated with the construction of reservoir hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

Submergence and fragmentation of terrestrial habitats

Answer

Noise pollution

Answer

Waterlogging

Answer

Air pollution

Question 20

What is a key advantage of pumped-storage hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

Storing energy for later use, enabling flexible electricity generation

Answer

Lower maintenance costs

Answer

Longer lifespan

Answer

Higher efficiency

Question 21

What is a major disadvantage of run-of-the-river hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

Fluctuating energy output due to variations in water flow

Answer

High construction costs

Answer

Low efficiency

Question 22

Which type of hydropower plant utilizes the energy from ocean waves?

Accepted Answer

Wave hydropower plant

Answer

Tidal hydropower plant

Answer

Pumped-storage hydropower plant

Question 23

What is a potential environmental benefit of hydropower plants?

Accepted Answer

Mitigating greenhouse gas emissions by displacing fossil fuel-based electricity generation

Answer

Soil erosion

Answer

Deforestation

Answer

Increased water pollution