Nutrition for High School Juniors: Essential Nutrients for Optimal Health

Question 1

Which food item is considered a complex carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Brown rice

Answer

White bread

Answer

Table sugar

Answer

Apple juice

Question 2

Which of the following is a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 3

Which of the following is classified as a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 4

Which of the following is a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 5

As per the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which of these is NOT advised for a healthy diet?

Accepted Answer

Opting for refined carbohydrates instead of complex carbohydrates

Answer

Incorporating ample fruits, vegetables, and whole grains

Answer

Minimizing saturated and trans fats

Answer

Staying hydrated by drinking plenty of water

Question 6

Identify the macronutrient from the following options:

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Minerals

Question 7

Which of these is a macronutrient that provides energy, builds and repairs tissues, and regulates bodily functions?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Calcium

Answer

Fiber

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of an unhealthy diet?

Accepted Answer

Excess

Answer

Variety

Answer

Balance

Answer

Moderation

Question 9

Which of these is a micronutrient, needed in smaller amounts than macronutrients and typically plays a specific role in bodily functions?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 10

What is the primary role of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Provide energy

Answer

Regulate blood sugar

Answer

Build and repair tissues

Answer

Transport vitamins and minerals

Question 11

Which nutrient classification do vitamins belong to?

Accepted Answer

Micronutrient

Answer

Macronutrient

Question 12

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy for the body, especially the brain and muscles

Answer

Building and repairing body tissues

Answer

Storing excess energy as fat

Answer

Facilitating the absorption of vitamins and minerals

Question 13

Which of the following is a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Building proteins

Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Storing energy

Answer

Aiding in the absorption of vitamins and minerals

Question 15

What is the main purpose of carbohydrates in our bodies?

Accepted Answer

Provide energy

Answer

Maintain bones and muscles

Answer

Regulate fluid balance

Answer

Aid in vitamin and mineral absorption

Question 16

Which of the following provides energy and contains carbohydrates, proteins, and fats?

Accepted Answer

Macronutrients

Answer

Micronutrients

Answer

Water

Answer

Vitamins

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 18

Which of the following is classified as a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Question 19

Which of these is a macronutrient that provides energy and essential nutrients?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Fiber

Answer

Water

Question 20

Which nutrient group provides the body with energy?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Minerals

Question 21

Which of the following is a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient: carbohydrates, proteins, or sodium?

Accepted Answer

Sodium

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Question 23

What is a primary function of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Regulating blood sugar levels

Answer

Building and repairing tissues

Question 24

What is the main role of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy to cells

Answer

Regulating blood pressure

Answer

Boosting the immune system

Answer

Supporting bone development

Question 25

What is the primary function of carbohydrates, a macronutrient essential for the body?

Accepted Answer

Providing energy

Answer

Building and repairing tissues

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Answer

Aiding in the absorption of vitamins and minerals

Question 26

Which of the following is considered a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Question 27

Which chronic disease is primarily influenced by poor nutrition and lifestyle choices?

Accepted Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Cancer

Answer

Alzheimer's Disease

Answer

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 28

Fats are essential nutrients that play multiple roles in the body. Which of the following best describes their functions?

Accepted Answer

Provide insulation, support organs, aid in nutrient absorption, and contribute to hormone production.

Answer

Primarily responsible for supplying energy to the body.

Answer

Involved in building and repairing cell membranes only.

Answer

Not essential for maintaining good health.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT considered a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 30

Which vitamin is essential for both healthy vision and a strong immune system?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 31

What is nutrition, and why is it essential for human health?

Accepted Answer

The study of food and its impact on living beings, focusing on health and disease prevention.

Answer

The act of consuming food and beverages for energy and sustenance, without regard to nutritional value.

Answer

The practice of controlling weight and body composition through specific diets, often neglecting overall nutritional needs.

Answer

The field that exclusively treats and prevents diseases caused by poor dietary choices, without considering nutrition's broader role in health.

Question 32

Which nutrient provides the body with energy and helps absorb vitamins?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate

Answer

Iron

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Calcium

Question 33

Which section of a food label provides information on the percentage of daily recommended intake for various nutrients?

Accepted Answer

% Daily Value

Answer

Ingredient List

Answer

Serving Size

Answer

Allergen Information

Question 34

How does consuming carbohydrates affect insulin production in the body?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates trigger insulin release, lowering blood sugar levels.

Answer

Carbohydrates block insulin production, raising blood sugar levels.

Answer

Carbohydrate intake does not affect insulin production.

Answer

Carbohydrates and insulin production are not connected.

Question 35

Which of the following statements about nutrients is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Not all nutrients are equally important for maintaining optimal health.

Answer

Carbohydrates provide energy.

Answer

Proteins are essential for building and repairing tissues.

Answer

Fats help the body absorb vitamins.

Question 36

Which of the following best describes protein?

Accepted Answer

Macronutrient that provides energy and builds tissues

Answer

Macronutrient that regulates body processes

Answer

Micronutrient that builds tissues

Answer

Micronutrient that regulates metabolism

Question 37

What nutrient serves as the main energy source for the body?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 38

How does nutrition influence chronic diseases?

Accepted Answer

Nutrition plays a major role in both the development and management of chronic diseases.

Answer

Nutrition has no effect on chronic diseases.

Answer

Nutrition can only prevent, not treat, chronic diseases.

Answer

Nutrition is the only factor that causes chronic diseases.

Question 39

What is the primary function of proteins in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Building and repairing tissues and enzymes

Answer

Providing immediate energy

Answer

Storing energy for later use

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Question 40

Which mineral is essential for maintaining strong bones and teeth?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Sodium

Answer

Potassium

Question 41

According to MyPlate, which component encourages consuming a wide range of foods from all food groups?

Accepted Answer

Make half your plate fruits and vegetables

Answer

Vegetables group

Answer

Fruits group

Answer

Grains group

Question 42

How do emotional and psychological factors influence our food choices and eating habits?

Accepted Answer

They play a major role in shaping our preferences and behaviors.

Answer

They have no impact on our food choices and eating habits.

Answer

Their influence is limited to individuals with eating disorders.

Answer

They are less important than physiological factors, such as hunger and satiety.

Question 43

How do food safety and hygiene practices contribute to preventing foodborne illnesses?

Accepted Answer

They prevent food contamination with harmful bacteria, viruses, and parasites, reducing the risk of foodborne illnesses.

Answer

They solely focus on maintaining food's appearance and freshness.

Answer

They are only necessary for restaurants and commercial kitchens.

Answer

They are not effective against foodborne illnesses caused by naturally occurring toxins, like those in certain mushrooms.

Question 44

How do food additives and preservatives affect the nutritional value and overall health of individuals? Consider both the potential benefits and risks associated with their use in modern food processing.

Accepted Answer

Food additives and preservatives can have both beneficial and harmful effects on nutritional value and health depending on the specific substance and its usage.

Answer

Food additives and preservatives always enhance nutritional value by extending shelf life and preventing spoilage.

Answer

Food preservatives are generally safe and do not pose significant health risks.

Answer

All natural food additives and preservatives are inherently safe and beneficial for health.

Question 45

Why is cultural sensitivity important in nutrition counseling and developing nutrition interventions? How do cultural beliefs, values, and practices affect food choices and dietary habits?

Accepted Answer

Cultural sensitivity in nutrition practice means understanding and respecting the cultural beliefs, values, and practices that shape food choices and dietary habits.

Answer

Cultural beliefs and practices have no influence on food choices and dietary habits.

Answer

Nutrition counseling and interventions should be the same for everyone, regardless of their cultural background.

Answer

Nutrition professionals should ignore cultural factors when providing nutrition advice to clients.

Question 46

Which list includes all the essential vitamins and minerals for optimal growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin K, Vitamin B12, Calcium, Iron, Zinc, Magnesium, Potassium, Iodine, Selenium

Answer

Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Calcium, Iron

Answer

Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Zinc, Magnesium

Question 47

Besides calorie intake, what other factors can affect the relationship between diet and weight management?

Accepted Answer

Metabolism, hormones, and genetics

Answer

Only the type of food consumed

Answer

Exercise has no significant impact

Answer

A low-calorie diet always leads to weight loss

Question 48

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient, a nutrient required in large amounts?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 49

Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting and bone health?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 50

Which of the following health problems is associated with an iron deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Anemia

Answer

Rickets

Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Beriberi

Question 51

Which of the following foods is a good source of insoluble fiber, which is important for digestive health?

Accepted Answer

Brown rice

Answer

White bread

Answer

Candy

Answer

Potato chips

Question 52

The process by which the body breaks down food into smaller, usable components is called:

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Excretion

Question 53

Which of the following is a characteristic of a healthy diet?

Accepted Answer

Balanced and varied

Answer

High in saturated fat

Answer

Low in fiber

Answer

Rich in processed foods

Question 54

The term 'glycemic index' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The speed at which carbohydrates are digested and raise blood sugar levels

Answer

The amount of protein in a food

Answer

The calorie content of a food

Answer

The vitamin content of a food

Question 55

Which of the following is a potential consequence of excessive sodium intake?

Accepted Answer

High blood pressure

Answer

Osteoporosis

Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Rickets

Question 56

The recommended daily intake of water for an adult is approximately:

Accepted Answer

6-8 glasses

Answer

2-4 cups

Answer

10-12 cups

Answer

14-16 cups

Question 57

Which nutrient group is NOT considered a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 58

Which of the following micronutrients is crucial for maintaining strong and healthy bones?

Accepted Answer

Calcium

Answer

Iron

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Zinc

Question 59

What is the primary goal of a balanced diet?

Accepted Answer

To provide sufficient amounts of all essential nutrients

Answer

To focus primarily on carbohydrates and fats

Answer

To include excessive protein and sugary drinks

Answer

To minimize fiber and vegetable intake

Question 60

Which food group is the primary source of dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Fruits and vegetables

Answer

Grains

Answer

Dairy products

Answer

Meat and poultry

Question 61

Which of the following factors does NOT influence an individual's nutritional requirements?

Accepted Answer

Blood type

Answer

Age

Answer

Gender

Answer

Activity level

Question 62

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

To provide energy

Answer

To build and repair tissues

Answer

To regulate body temperature

Answer

To transport vitamins and minerals

Question 63

According to general recommendations, what is the suggested daily water intake for healthy adults?

Accepted Answer

6-8 glasses

Answer

10-12 glasses

Answer

15-18 glasses

Answer

Varies based on activity levels

Question 64

Which of the following is NOT considered a potential benefit of maintaining a healthy diet?

Accepted Answer

Impaired sleep quality

Answer

Enhanced energy levels

Answer

Reduced risk of chronic diseases

Answer

Accelerated recovery from injuries