Descriptive Statistics Quizzes: Master Data Analysis

Question 1

Which of the following is a measure of variability, rather than a measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Standard Deviation

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 2

The algebraic sum of the deviations from the mean is:

Accepted Answer

Always zero

Answer

Always less than zero

Answer

Always greater than zero

Answer

Can't be determined

Question 3

Which type of distribution is symmetric and bell-shaped?

Accepted Answer

Normal distribution

Answer

Uniform distribution

Answer

Skewed distribution

Answer

Bimodal distribution

Question 4

Which of the following data sets exhibits the highest variability?

Accepted Answer

3, 6, 9, 12, 15

Answer

1, 2, 3, 4, 5

Answer

1, 3, 5, 7, 9

Answer

2, 4, 6, 8, 10

Question 5

The range of a dataset is the difference between the largest and smallest values. What does a larger range indicate about the spread of the data?

Accepted Answer

The data is widely spread out

Answer

The data is clustered around the mean

Answer

The data has a high standard deviation

Answer

The data is normally distributed

Question 6

Which of the following statistical measures is least sensitive to outliers?

Accepted Answer

Median

Answer

Mean

Answer

Mode

Answer

Standard deviation

Question 7

The variance of a dataset is 16. What is the standard deviation of the dataset?

Accepted Answer

8

Answer

4

Answer

12

Answer

16

Question 8

Which of the following is a graphical representation of the distribution of data that shows the frequency or proportion of data points within a specified range of values?

Accepted Answer

Histogram

Answer

Scatterplot

Answer

Bar chart

Answer

Line graph

Question 9

What is the primary purpose of descriptive statistics?

Accepted Answer

To summarize and describe a set of data

Answer

To make inferences about a population

Answer

To predict future events

Answer

To test hypotheses

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT an application of descriptive statistics in the real world?

Accepted Answer

Predicting economic trends

Answer

Analyzing customer satisfaction surveys

Answer

Reporting financial data in annual reports

Answer

Conducting medical research

Question 11

What is the mode of the following dataset: 2, 3, 4, 4, 4, 5, 6, 7?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

2

Answer

3

Answer

5

Question 12

How does a sample differ from a population?

Accepted Answer

A sample is a subset of the population, while the population includes all individuals of interest

Answer

A population is a subset of the sample, while the sample includes all individuals of interest

Answer

A sample is always smaller than the population

Answer

A population is always larger than the sample

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 14

Which of the following is a measure of variability?

Accepted Answer

Range

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 15

Which of the following data sets has the smallest standard deviation?

Accepted Answer

{1, 1, 1, 1, 1}

Answer

{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}

Answer

{1, 3, 5, 7, 9}

Answer

{1, 5, 10, 15, 20}

Question 16

In a normal distribution, what percentage of data points approximately falls within one standard deviation of the mean?

Accepted Answer

68%

Answer

34%

Answer

50%

Answer

95%

Question 17

In a data set, the interquartile range (IQR) is 10. What is the difference between the 75th percentile and the 25th percentile?

Accepted Answer

10

Answer

5

Answer

15

Answer

20

Question 18

The mean of a data set is 50, and the standard deviation is 10. Approximately what percentage of data points falls between 40 and 60?

Accepted Answer

68%

Answer

34%

Answer

95%

Answer

99.7%

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Range

Answer

Mode

Answer

Median

Answer

Mean

Question 20

Calculate the mean of the numbers 2, 5, 7, and 10:

Accepted Answer

5

Answer

4.5

Answer

5.5

Answer

6

Question 21

Which measure of central tendency is most easily affected by extreme values?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 22

Which measure of variability represents the average distance from the mean?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Variance

Answer

Coefficient of variation

Question 23

In a box plot, the line that divides the box into two equal halves represents:

Accepted Answer

Median

Answer

Mean

Answer

Mode

Answer

Range

Question 24

Which of the following datasets exhibits the greatest variability?

Accepted Answer

{5, 15, 25, 35, 45}

Answer

{10, 10, 10, 10, 10}

Answer

{9, 11, 13, 15, 17}

Question 25

Descriptive statistics is primarily used for:

Accepted Answer

Summarizing and describing data

Answer

Making predictions about future events

Answer

Testing statistical hypotheses

Answer

Determining causal relationships

Question 26

Which of the following is a measurement that describes the central value of a dataset?

Accepted Answer

Measure of central tendency

Answer

Measure of variability

Answer

Measure of skewness

Answer

Measure of kurtosis

Question 27

In calculating the mean of a dataset, we divide the sum of all values by the:

Accepted Answer

Number of values

Answer

Range of values

Answer

Standard deviation of values

Answer

Variance of values

Question 28

Which measure of variability represents the average deviation of data points from their mean?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Range

Answer

Variance

Answer

Coefficient of variation

Question 29

Which step is NOT included in calculating the variance of a dataset?

Accepted Answer

Taking the square root of the sum of squared differences

Answer

Determining the mean

Answer

Subtracting the mean from each value

Answer

Squaring each of the differences

Question 30

A dataset with a large standard deviation suggests that the data is:

Accepted Answer

Widely dispersed

Answer

Clustered closely around the mean

Answer

Symmetrically distributed

Answer

Always normally distributed

Question 31

Which measure of central tendency is most appropriate for a skewed distribution?

Accepted Answer

Median

Answer

Mean

Answer

Mode

Answer

Midrange

Question 32

In the dataset {2, 4, 4, 6, 8, 8}, which value appears most frequently?

Accepted Answer

4

Answer

2

Answer

6

Answer

8

Question 33

Which measure of central tendency is most heavily influenced by extreme values (outliers)?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a measure of variability?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Answer

Range

Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Variance

Question 35

Which measure of central tendency is most appropriate when the data distribution is skewed?

Accepted Answer

Median

Answer

Mean

Answer

Mode

Question 36

State the formula used to calculate the variance.

Accepted Answer

Σ(x - μ)² / n

Answer

(Σx - μ)² / n

Answer

Σx² / n

Answer

Σ(x - μ) / n

Question 37

What does a small standard deviation indicate about the data?

Accepted Answer

Data is closely grouped

Answer

Data is widely dispersed

Answer

Data is skewed

Answer

Data contains outliers

Question 38

To find the average age of its customers, a company should use which measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Answer

Range

Question 39

Which sampling method is most likely to result in a biased sample that does not accurately represent the population?

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling

Answer

Simple random sampling

Answer

Systematic sampling

Answer

Stratified sampling

Question 40

Why do we take a sample from a population when studying data?

Accepted Answer

To make predictions about the entire population.

Answer

To save time and money collecting data.

Answer

To guarantee the data is completely accurate and representative.

Question 41

Given a dataset: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10. Which value represents the median of this dataset?

Accepted Answer

5

Answer

4

Answer

6

Answer

7

Question 42

Which characteristic is NOT associated with a normal distribution?

Accepted Answer

Skewness

Answer

Bell-shaped curve

Answer

Symmetrical

Answer

Most values close to the mean

Question 43

A survey found that students' heights have a mean of 65 inches and a standard deviation of 3 inches. What is the Z-score of a student who is 70 inches tall?

Accepted Answer

1.67

Answer

0

Answer

2

Answer

3

Question 44

Which measure of central tendency represents the middle value of a dataset when arranged in ascending order?

Accepted Answer

Median

Answer

Mean

Answer

Mode

Question 45

The range of a dataset represents:

Accepted Answer

The difference between the smallest and largest values

Answer

The average value of the dataset

Answer

The number of different values in the dataset

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT considered a measure of central tendency?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Question 47

If a dataset has a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 2, what can be inferred about the distribution of values?

Accepted Answer

Most values are close to 10

Answer

Most values are spread far from 10

Answer

The values are equally distributed around 10

Question 48

Which measure of variability is most affected by extreme values (outliers)?

Accepted Answer

Range

Answer

Variance

Answer

Standard deviation

Question 49

When students rate their satisfaction with a school lunch program on a scale from 1 to 5, the data collected is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Ordinal

Answer

Categorical

Answer

Quantitative

Question 50

For skewed data, which measure of central tendency is preferred?

Accepted Answer

Median

Answer

Mean

Answer

Mode

Question 51

If a dataset consists of the values 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, what is the mode of this dataset?

Accepted Answer

All values

Answer

2

Answer

6

Question 52

Which is a primary advantage of using descriptive statistics?

Accepted Answer

Summarizing and simplifying large datasets

Answer

Predicting future outcomes based on existing data

Answer

Testing hypotheses and drawing conclusions

Question 53

In a dataset with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10, what would be the z-score for a value of 60?

Accepted Answer

1.0

Answer

0.5

Answer

2.0

Question 54

Which of the following is a measure of central tendency, representing the average value of a dataset?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Answer

Range

Answer

Variance

Question 55

Which measure of variability quantifies the average distance of data points from the mean?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Range

Answer

Variance

Question 56

A small standard deviation indicates that:

Accepted Answer

Data points are closely clustered around the mean

Answer

Data points are widely spread out

Answer

The range of the data set is large

Question 57

Which of the following is an assumption of the Empirical Rule?

Accepted Answer

The data follows a normal distribution

Answer

The mean is equal to the median

Answer

The range is a robust measure of variability

Question 58

Which of the following is NOT a visual representation of data?

Accepted Answer

Frequency table

Answer

Histogram

Answer

Bar chart

Answer

Scatter plot

Question 59

A scatter plot reveals a negative correlation between two variables. This suggests that:

Accepted Answer

As one variable increases, the other variable tends to decrease

Answer

As one variable increases, the other variable also increases

Answer

There is no relationship between the variables

Answer

The relationship is non-linear

Question 60

To compare the mean heights of two different populations, the most suitable statistical test is the:

Accepted Answer

T-test

Answer

Z-test

Answer

Chi-squared test

Answer

ANOVA

Question 61

Which measure of central tendency is most susceptible to extreme values?

Accepted Answer

Mean

Answer

Median

Answer

Mode

Question 62

Which measure of variability is obtained by finding the square root of the variance?

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation

Answer

Mean absolute deviation

Answer

Interquartile range

Question 63

If the height distribution of 10th-grade students is skewed towards taller students, which measure of central tendency would be most suitable to report their average height?

Accepted Answer

Median

Answer

Mean

Answer

Mode

Question 64

Identify the characteristic that is not applicable to a normal distribution.

Accepted Answer

Kurtosis and skewness are always zero

Answer

Symmetrical bell-shaped curve

Answer

Mean, median, and mode coincide