Algorithms: Types, Complexity, and Applications

Question 1

Identify the option that is not a type of algorithm.

Accepted Answer

Critical

Answer

Sequential

Answer

Recursive

Answer

Sorting

Question 2

Determine the best-case complexity of the bubble sort algorithm.

Accepted Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n log n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(2^n)

Question 3

Which algorithm is employed to find the shortest path between two nodes in a graph?

Accepted Answer

Dijkstra's algorithm

Answer

Prim's algorithm

Answer

Kruskal's algorithm

Answer

Floyd-Warshall algorithm

Question 4

What is the time complexity associated with a binary search algorithm?

Accepted Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Question 5

Identify an example of a divide-and-conquer algorithm.

Accepted Answer

Merge sort

Answer

Bubble sort

Answer

Selection sort

Answer

Insertion sort

Question 6

Explain the purpose of a hash function in an algorithm.

Accepted Answer

To assign unique keys to elements in a data structure

Answer

To sort data in ascending or descending order

Answer

To find the maximum or minimum value in a data set

Answer

To generate random numbers

Question 7

Identify an example of an NP-complete problem.

Accepted Answer

Traveling salesman problem

Answer

Bubble sort

Answer

Merge sort

Answer

Binary search

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental characteristic of algorithms?

Accepted Answer

Heuristic

Answer

Unambiguous

Answer

Finite

Answer

Deterministic

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a defining feature of algorithms?

Accepted Answer

Randomness

Answer

Finiteness

Answer

Definiteness

Answer

Input/Output behavior

Question 10

What is the time complexity of a linear search algorithm, assuming the input list has n elements?

Accepted Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(1)

Question 11

Which of the following is an example of a greedy algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Kruskal's algorithm

Answer

Bubble sort

Answer

Merge sort

Answer

Binary search

Question 12

What is the primary purpose of a hash function in an algorithm?

Accepted Answer

To map input data to a unique key

Answer

To sort data

Answer

To store data

Answer

To search data

Question 13

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a recursive algorithm?

Accepted Answer

It contains a base case to prevent infinite recursion

Answer

It uses a stack to store data

Answer

It uses a loop to iterate through data

Question 14

What is a primary advantage of using a divide-and-conquer algorithm?

Accepted Answer

It can break down complex problems into simpler ones

Answer

It is easy to implement

Answer

It is always more efficient than other types of algorithms

Question 15

What is the primary role of pseudocode in algorithm development?

Accepted Answer

To provide a concise, human-readable description of the algorithm

Answer

To implement the algorithm in a specific programming language

Answer

To test the algorithm

Question 16

Which of the following is an example of an application of graph algorithms?

Accepted Answer

Social network analysis

Answer

Searching for a specific element in an array

Answer

Sorting a list of numbers

Question 17

Which of the following is not a characteristic of an algorithm?

Accepted Answer

It is ambiguous

Answer

It is efficient

Answer

It is finite

Answer

It is deterministic

Question 18

What is the time complexity of a linear search algorithm?

Accepted Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(1)

Question 19

Which of the following is a greedy algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Dijkstra's algorithm

Answer

Binary search

Answer

Bubble sort

Answer

Merge sort

Question 20

What is the purpose of a hash function in a hash table?

Accepted Answer

To map keys to unique indices

Answer

To store the values in a linked list

Answer

To sort the keys in ascending order

Question 21

Which of the following is a recursive algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Factorial calculation

Answer

Binary search

Answer

Bubble sort

Answer

Linear search

Question 22

What is the difference between a deterministic and a non-deterministic algorithm?

Accepted Answer

A deterministic algorithm always produces the same output for the same input while a non-deterministic algorithm may produce different outputs

Answer

A deterministic algorithm is faster than a non-deterministic algorithm.

Question 23

Which of the following is an example of a divide-and-conquer algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Merge sort

Answer

Bubble sort

Answer

Dijkstra's algorithm

Answer

Linear search

Question 24

What is the worst-case time complexity of a binary search algorithm?

Accepted Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Question 25

Which of the following is a dynamic programming algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Floyd-Warshall algorithm

Answer

Merge sort

Answer

Linear search

Answer

Bubble sort

Question 26

What is the purpose of an algorithm?

Accepted Answer

To solve a problem

Answer

To store data

Answer

To generate random numbers

Answer

To display information

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Decision table

Answer

Recursive

Answer

Distributed

Answer

Sequential

Question 28

What is the time complexity of a linear search algorithm, where n represents the number of elements in the input list?

Accepted Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(log n)

Question 29

Which technique is commonly employed to enhance the efficiency of complex algorithms?

Accepted Answer

Dynamic programming

Answer

Backtracking

Answer

Recursion

Answer

Randomization

Question 30

What is the primary purpose of a binary search algorithm?

Accepted Answer

To efficiently find a target element within a sorted list or array.

Answer

To insert an element into a binary tree.

Answer

To determine the shortest path in a weighted graph.

Question 31

What is a key advantage of using a backtracking algorithm?

Accepted Answer

It can explore all possible solutions to a problem, even if the solution space is vast.

Answer

It is more efficient than other search algorithms, such as depth-first search.

Answer

It is guaranteed to find an optimal solution in a reasonable amount of time.

Question 32

Which algorithm falls under the category of heuristic algorithms?

Accepted Answer

Hill climbing

Answer

Binary search

Answer

Depth-first search

Answer

Dijkstra's algorithm

Question 33

What is the time complexity of the bubble sort algorithm in the worst-case scenario?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(1)

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a well-designed algorithm?

Accepted Answer

It is ambiguous.

Answer

It has a well-defined input and output.

Answer

It is effective.

Answer

It is finite.

Question 35

Which of the following accurately describes the time complexity of the bubble sort algorithm?

Accepted Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n)

Question 36

Which of the following is a practical application of graph algorithms?

Accepted Answer

Finding the shortest path in a map

Answer

Searching for a number in a sorted array

Answer

Solving a linear equation

Question 37

What is the primary purpose of using pseudocode?

Accepted Answer

To describe an algorithm in a human-readable language

Answer

To implement an algorithm in a programming language

Answer

To analyze the complexity of an algorithm

Question 38

Which of the following algorithms is a well-known example of a greedy algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Dijkstra's algorithm

Answer

Merge sort

Answer

Binary search

Answer

Bubble sort

Question 39

Which of the following algorithms can be classified as a divide-and-conquer algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Merge sort

Answer

Selection sort

Answer

Linear search

Answer

Bubble sort

Question 40

Which of the following algorithms is an example of a dynamic programming algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Fibonacci sequence

Answer

Binary search

Answer

Bubble sort

Answer

Merge sort

Question 41

Which of the following algorithms falls under the category of backtracking algorithms?

Accepted Answer

N-Queens problem

Answer

Merge sort

Answer

Bubble sort

Question 42

Which of the following algorithms is a randomized algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Quick sort

Answer

Binary search

Answer

Merge sort

Answer

Bubble sort

Question 43

What is the time complexity of an algorithm that performs a linear search on an array of size n?

Accepted Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Question 44

Which of the following is a benefit of using algorithms?

Accepted Answer

Increased efficiency

Answer

Reduced maintainability

Answer

Increased redundancy

Answer

Lowered accuracy

Question 45

What is the purpose of a pseudocode?

Accepted Answer

To represent an algorithm in a human-readable format

Answer

To translate algorithms into machine code

Answer

To test the correctness of algorithms

Question 46

Which of the following is a characteristic of a well-designed algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Ambiguity

Answer

High memory usage

Answer

Lack of documentation

Question 47

What is the difference between a greedy and a dynamic programming algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Greedy algorithms make locally optimal choices, while dynamic programming algorithms consider all possible choices.

Answer

Greedy algorithms are always more efficient than dynamic programming algorithms.

Question 48

How can you improve the efficiency of an algorithm?

Accepted Answer

By reducing the number of unnecessary operations

Answer

By increasing the size of the input data

Answer

By using nested functions

Answer

By increasing the number of loops without optimization

Question 49

Which of the following is a real-world application of algorithms?

Accepted Answer

Search engines

Answer

Random number generators

Answer

Word processors

Answer

Music players

Question 50

What is the role of abstraction in algorithm design?

Accepted Answer

To simplify complex problems by focusing on essential details

Answer

To reduce the number of lines of code

Answer

To make algorithms more efficient

Question 51

Which of the following is NOT a factor to consider when choosing an algorithm?

Accepted Answer

User preferences

Answer

Time complexity

Answer

Problem requirements

Answer

Space complexity