The Rise of Fundamentalism: A Comprehensive Guide for Online Learning

Question 1

Examine the potential advantages and risks of fundamentalism, considering both its perceived benefits and drawbacks.

Accepted Answer

Perceived benefits of fundamentalism include promoting moral values and fostering a sense of community and belonging among its followers.

Accepted Answer

Potential risks of fundamentalism include promoting intolerance, encouraging discrimination, and fostering a rejection of progress and modernity.

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Fundamentalism inherently poses a threat to social harmony and progress.

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Fundamentalism promotes a positive and progressive approach to society.

Question 2

What was a primary factor contributing to the rise of fundamentalism in the United States in the late 19th century?

Accepted Answer

Rapid social and economic changes

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The influence of Darwin's theory of evolution

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Increased immigration and cultural diversity

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Political instability and social unrest

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Islamic fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Belief in religious pluralism and tolerance

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Strict adherence to Sharia law

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Rejection of Western values

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Emphasis on jihad as a religious duty

Question 4

What is a key strategy for addressing the challenges posed by fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Education and dialogue to promote understanding

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Strict government regulation of religious practices

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Military intervention to suppress extremist groups

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Suppression of religious freedom to prevent the spread of fundamentalist ideas

Question 5

What is the goal of most fundamentalist movements?

Accepted Answer

Reform society according to their religious beliefs

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Foster interfaith dialogue and cooperation

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Promote secularism and the separation of religion from government

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Modernize religious traditions and adapt to changing times

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a historical influence on the rise of fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment

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The Protestant Reformation

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European colonialism and globalization

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The rise of nationalism

Question 7

What is the term for the belief that the end of the world is imminent and will be accompanied by divine intervention?

Accepted Answer

Apocalypticism

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Millennialism

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Messianism

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Prophetism

Question 8

Which of the following statements about fundamentalism and terrorism is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Some fundamentalist groups have used violence to achieve their goals

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All fundamentalist groups engage in terrorism

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Terrorism is exclusively associated with fundamentalist religious beliefs

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Fundamentalism is inherently peaceful and does not support violence

Question 9

What is a key characteristic of fundamentalist movements that distinguishes them from mainstream religious groups?

Accepted Answer

Strict adherence to religious teachings and a rejection of modern values

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Belief in the superiority of their own religion and the inferiority of others

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Emphasis on personal spiritual experiences and mystical practices

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Promotion of interfaith dialogue and cooperation

Question 10

Which of the following is **not** considered a characteristic of fundamentalist movements?

Accepted Answer

Promoting interfaith dialogue and understanding

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Emphasis on a literal interpretation of religious texts

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Rejecting modernity and secularism

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Believing in the superiority of their own faith

Question 11

Which of the following is **not** a contemporary manifestation of fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Moderate Islam

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Christian nationalism

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Hindu extremism

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Radical Islam

Question 12

What has been a significant impact of fundamentalism on interfaith dialogue?

Accepted Answer

Hindered constructive dialogue and created division

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Fostering mutual understanding and cooperation

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Had no significant impact on interfaith relations

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Promoted religious tolerance and acceptance

Question 13

In a diverse society, how can we balance the right to religious freedom with the need to prevent the spread of harmful fundamentalist ideologies?

Accepted Answer

By promoting education, interfaith dialogue, and understanding.

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By restricting religious expression in public spaces.

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By banning fundamentalist organizations.

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By suppressing any criticism of fundamentalism.

Question 14

How did broader societal factors contribute to the emergence of fundamentalist movements?

Accepted Answer

Economic Inequality

Accepted Answer

Rapid Social Change

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Technological Advancements

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic common to fundamentalist religious movements?

Accepted Answer

Strict adherence to traditional beliefs and practices

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Tolerance of different religious beliefs

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Emphasis on social activism

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Acceptance of modern scientific theories

Question 16

A key belief of Christian fundamentalism is:

Accepted Answer

The Bible is the infallible word of God

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Evolution is a valid scientific theory

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Women should have equal roles in religious leadership

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Same-sex marriage should be legalized

Question 17

Fundamentalist movements often have political implications because they:

Accepted Answer

Seek to influence government policies

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Support the separation of church and state

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Promote social justice initiatives

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Advocate for non-violent resistance

Question 18

One concern raised by critics of fundamentalism is:

Accepted Answer

Its potential to incite violence

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Its embrace of religious diversity

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Its support for scientific research

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Its promotion of gender equality

Question 19

Within the context of fundamentalism, the concept of inerrancy refers to the belief that:

Accepted Answer

The Bible is infallible

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The Bible contains errors

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The Bible should be interpreted literally

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The Bible should be revised to reflect modern understandings

Question 20

One way in which fundamentalism has influenced American society is:

Accepted Answer

Increased social polarization

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Decline in religious participation

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Increased interfaith dialogue

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Support for the separation of church and state

Question 21

A significant difference between fundamentalism and liberalism in religion is that:

Accepted Answer

Fundamentalism emphasizes the authority of scripture, while liberalism prioritizes reason

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Liberalism emphasizes tradition, while fundamentalism embraces modernity

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Liberalism supports the separation of church and state, while fundamentalism opposes it

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Fundamentalism seeks to reform religious institutions, while liberalism preserves them

Question 22

Which of the following is an example of a contemporary manifestation of fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Christian Dominionism

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Moderate Islam

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Reform Judaism

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Progressive Buddhism

Question 23

Which of the following is a defining characteristic of fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Strict adherence to traditional religious texts and doctrines

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Rejection of modern scientific advancements

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Emphasis on personal spiritual experiences

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Acceptance of religious diversity and pluralism

Question 24

Which of the following factors is commonly believed to contribute to the rise of fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Social and political upheavals

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Rapid technological advancements

Answer

Increased religious persecution

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Economic prosperity and stability

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT an example of a fundamentalist movement?

Accepted Answer

Humanism

Answer

Puritanism

Answer

Islamic extremism

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Evangelical Christianity

Question 26

The belief in the inerrancy of religious texts is primarily associated with:

Accepted Answer

Fundamentalists

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Modernists

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Progressives

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Atheists

Question 27

Fundamentalist interpretations of religious texts often rely on:

Accepted Answer

Literal and direct interpretations

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Allegorical and symbolic interpretations

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Historical-critical and contextual methods

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Contextual interpretations and personal experiences

Question 28

Is fundamentalism a form of religious extremism due to its strict adherence to literal religious interpretations and rejection of modern interpretations?

Accepted Answer

Yes, fundamentalism involves rigid adherence to literal religious interpretations and a rejection of contemporary interpretations.

Answer

No, fundamentalism does not necessarily involve violence or the use of force.

Question 29

Which of the following strategies can effectively prevent or combat fundamentalist ideologies?

Accepted Answer

Educating the public about the risks of fundamentalism

Accepted Answer

Promoting tolerance and understanding of diverse religions

Accepted Answer

Encouraging dialogue between fundamentalists and non-fundamentalists

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Limiting the activities of fundamentalist groups

Question 30

Examine the ethical implications of fundamentalist beliefs and practices, particularly their impact on human rights, gender equality, and religious freedom.

Accepted Answer

Fundamentalist beliefs and practices can have negative ethical implications for human rights, gender equality, and religious freedom.

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Fundamentalist beliefs and practices always promote human rights, gender equality, and religious freedom.

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Fundamentalist practices have no impact on human rights, gender equality, or religious freedom.

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Fundamentalist beliefs and practices can be ethically justified in some situations.

Question 31

What is a defining characteristic of fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Belief in the literal interpretation of religious scriptures

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Focus on reforming society through political engagement

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Rejection of all religious authorities and traditions

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Belief in the imminent apocalypse and end of the world

Question 32

What is a defining characteristic of fundamentalist religious movements?

Accepted Answer

Upholding traditional beliefs and practices

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Prioritizing personal spiritual experiences

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Embracing scientific theories

Question 33

Which belief is central to fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

The Bible is the infallible word of God.

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All religions are equally valid.

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Science and religion cannot coexist.

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Women should be subordinate to men.

Question 34

The emergence of fundamentalism in the United States is often linked to:

Accepted Answer

The Scopes Trial

Answer

The Enlightenment

Answer

The Civil War

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World War II

Question 35

Define fundamentalism. Which of the following is a key characteristic?

Accepted Answer

Strict adherence to traditional religious texts and doctrines

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Adaptation of religious beliefs to modern society

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Emphasis on social activism and political engagement

Question 36

Which factor is UNLIKELY to contribute to the rise of fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Increased access to education and scientific knowledge

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Economic and political insecurity

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Rapid social and cultural change

Question 37

Identify the historical event widely regarded as a catalyst for the modern rise of fundamentalism.

Accepted Answer

The Scopes Monkey Trial

Answer

The American Revolution

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The Industrial Revolution

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The Protestant Reformation

Question 38

What is a common criticism of fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Potential for intolerance and violence towards those with differing beliefs

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Being exclusive to non-Western countries

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Always being politically conservative

Question 39

Identify an example of contemporary fundamentalism.

Accepted Answer

The Taliban in Afghanistan

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The Religious Society of Friends (Quakers)

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The Amish community in the United States

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The Evangelical Lutheran Church in America

Question 40

Regarding religious texts, what is the fundamentalist perspective?

Accepted Answer

They are the literal word of God and should be interpreted without deviation

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They are outdated and irrelevant to modern society

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They should be interpreted in light of reason and experience

Question 41

How does fundamentalism differ from mainstream religious practices?

Accepted Answer

Its selective and literal interpretation of religious texts

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Always being more conservative than mainstream beliefs

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Only existing in certain religions

Question 42

How has technology impacted contemporary fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating communication and mobilization among fundamentalist groups

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Only being relevant to fundamentalist groups in non-Western countries

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Leading to a decline in fundamentalist beliefs

Question 43

What is a potential consequence of fundamentalism in education?

Accepted Answer

Censorship of materials that contradict fundamentalist beliefs

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Improved teacher training and professional development

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Increased funding for public schools

Question 44

When teaching about fundamentalism in the classroom, it is important to:

Accepted Answer

Balance academic objectivity with sensitivity to diverse student perspectives

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Avoid any mention of fundamentalist beliefs or practices

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Present only the negative aspects of fundamentalism

Question 45

Which of the following is a fundamental belief of fundamentalist movements?

Accepted Answer

The literal interpretation of religious texts as the ultimate authority

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Emphasis on personal spiritual experiences over established religious teachings

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Acceptance of scientific theories that conflict with religious texts

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Tolerance and acceptance of all religious beliefs and practices

Question 46

What is a significant factor contributing to the rise of fundamentalist movements?

Accepted Answer

Social and economic upheaval or instability

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Strong intellectual and educational systems fostering critical thinking

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Political stability and widespread prosperity

Question 47

Which of the following is a contemporary example of a fundamentalist movement?

Accepted Answer

Extremist groups like ISIS, which use violence to impose their religious ideology

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New Age spiritual movements emphasizing personal growth and self-discovery

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Interfaith organizations promoting dialogue and cooperation among different religions

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Secular humanism, which prioritizes reason and human experience over religious beliefs

Question 48

What is a key characteristic that distinguishes fundamentalist movements from other religious groups?

Accepted Answer

Opposition to modernity and a desire to return to a perceived golden age of religious purity

Answer

Acceptance and celebration of cultural diversity and pluralism

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Encouragement of scientific inquiry and critical examination of religious teachings

Question 49

Which of the following is a potential consequence of the rise of fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Increased social and political polarization due to the strict adherence to religious ideologies

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Decline in religious observance and spirituality

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Enhanced interfaith cooperation and understanding

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Increased secularization and rejection of religious beliefs

Question 50

What is a common criticism of fundamentalist movements?

Accepted Answer

Dogmatism, intolerance, and a rejection of critical inquiry and alternative viewpoints

Answer

Embracing science and reason as the sole sources of truth and knowledge

Answer

Respect for human rights and individual freedoms

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Openness to intellectual curiosity and interfaith dialogue

Question 51

Which of the following could potentially be considered a benefit of fundamentalism?

Accepted Answer

Providing a sense of community, belonging, and purpose for individuals who feel disconnected or lost

Answer

Promoting rational and scientific thinking as the foundation for decision-making

Answer

Encouraging individual autonomy and self-reliance

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Fostering tolerance and pluralism by embracing diverse beliefs and practices

Question 52

Which of the following is an example of a fundamentalist movement in the 20th century?

Accepted Answer

Wahhabism in Saudi Arabia, which strictly adheres to traditional Islamic law and practices

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Hinduism in India, which encompasses a diverse range of beliefs and practices

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The Catholic Church in Latin America, which promotes social justice and liberation theology

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Buddhism in Japan, which emphasizes meditation and mindfulness