Cell Membrane: Structure, Function, and Transport Mechanisms

Question 1

Which of the following is not a primary component of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

DNA

Answer

Phospholipids

Answer

Cholesterol

Answer

Glycoproteins

Question 2

The fundamental function of the cell membrane is to:

Accepted Answer

Regulate the passage of materials into and out of the cell

Answer

Store genetic information

Answer

Produce energy for cellular processes

Answer

Synthesize proteins

Question 3

Glycoproteins primarily serve to:

Accepted Answer

Facilitate the recognition of specific molecules

Answer

Provide structural support to the membrane

Answer

Regulate membrane fluidity

Answer

Transport molecules across the membrane

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Answer

Phospholipids

Answer

Cholesterol

Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 5

The selectively permeable nature of the cell membrane allows certain substances to pass through while blocking others. Which of the following can freely pass through the membrane?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Potassium ions

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Proteins

Question 6

Facilitated diffusion involves the movement of substances across the membrane with the assistance of membrane proteins. Which of the following is an example of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Transport of glucose into cells

Answer

Transport of sodium ions

Answer

Diffusion of oxygen across the membrane

Answer

Passive movement of water

Question 7

The main structural component of the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane is:

Accepted Answer

Phosphoglycerides

Answer

Sphingolipids

Answer

Glycolipids

Answer

Steroids

Question 8

Which type of membrane protein spans the entire membrane, providing a pathway for substances to cross?

Accepted Answer

Integral proteins

Answer

Peripheral proteins

Answer

Glycoproteins

Answer

Lipoproteins

Question 9

The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as:

Accepted Answer

A fluid and dynamic structure

Answer

A static and rigid structure

Answer

A semi-permeable barrier

Answer

A highly ordered and organized structure

Question 10

The hydrophobic core of the cell membrane is primarily composed of:

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid fatty acid tails

Answer

Phospholipid head groups

Answer

Cholesterol

Answer

Glycoproteins

Question 11

Active transport mechanisms require energy to move substances across the cell membrane. Which of the following is an example of active transport?

Accepted Answer

Transport of proteins into cells

Answer

Diffusion of gases

Answer

Passive movement of water

Answer

Facilitated diffusion of ions

Question 12

Which component is NOT found in the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Answer

Lipids

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 13

Which type of membrane protein transports molecules across the membrane without requiring energy?

Accepted Answer

Channel proteins

Answer

Carrier proteins

Answer

Receptor proteins

Answer

Glycoproteins

Question 14

Which of the following techniques is commonly used to study the fluidity of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP)

Answer

Electron microscopy

Answer

Immunofluorescence microscopy

Answer

Radioisotope labeling

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic of the cell membrane's carbohydrate coating (glycocalyx)?

Accepted Answer

It is involved in cell-cell recognition and adhesion

Answer

It is only found on the apical surface of cells

Answer

It is composed of proteins and lipids

Answer

It is not found on bacterial cells

Question 16

What is the process by which vesicles fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents into the extracellular space?

Accepted Answer

Exocytosis

Answer

Endocytosis

Answer

Pinocytosis

Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 17

Which of the following statements about the cell membrane is ACCURATE?

Accepted Answer

It is a selectively permeable barrier.

Answer

It is composed of a single layer of lipids.

Answer

It is completely impermeable to water.

Answer

It is only found in animal cells.

Question 18

What is the primary role of membrane receptors in cell signaling?

Accepted Answer

To bind specific molecules from the extracellular environment and initiate intracellular responses

Answer

To transport molecules across the membrane

Answer

To generate electrical signals

Answer

To synthesize proteins

Question 19

What is the primary function of the cell membrane in maintaining cellular homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Regulates the movement of substances across the membrane, maintaining the balance of molecules within the cell.

Answer

Provides structural support and protection to the cell.

Answer

Facilitates cell-to-cell communication.

Answer

Generates energy for the cell's metabolic processes.

Question 20

Which component of the cell membrane acts as the principal barrier to the movement of solutes?

Accepted Answer

Phospholipid bilayer

Answer

Integral proteins

Answer

Glycoproteins

Answer

Glycolipids

Question 21

The movement of molecules across a selectively permeable membrane, from an area of higher to lower concentration, without the need for energy, is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Active transport

Answer

Osmosis

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 22

Which type of transport relies on the use of energy to move substances across a membrane, even against their concentration gradient?

Accepted Answer

Active transport

Answer

Passive transport

Answer

Diffusion

Answer

Facilitated diffusion

Question 23

The fluid mosaic model describes the cell membrane as:

Accepted Answer

A dynamic, constantly moving structure with components that can laterally diffuse

Answer

A selectively permeable barrier that allows all substances to pass through

Answer

A rigid, immobile barrier

Answer

A semipermeable barrier that only allows water to pass through

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a function of the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Synthesize proteins

Answer

Protect the cell's contents

Answer

Regulate the passage of materials

Answer

Provide a surface for chemical reactions

Question 25

Glycoproteins are attached to the surface of the cell membrane and consist primarily of:

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates and proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates and nucleic acids

Answer

Lipids and proteins

Answer

Proteins and nucleic acids

Question 26

The semipermeability of the cell membrane is essential for:

Accepted Answer

Maintaining cell homeostasis

Answer

Maintaining membrane fluidity

Answer

Facilitating DNA replication

Answer

Regulating protein synthesis