Momentum: Definition, Calculations, and Applications

Question 1

Which of the following is not a type of impulse?

Accepted Answer

Work done by a force

Answer

Force applied over time

Answer

Change in momentum

Answer

Average force applied during an interaction

Question 2

A baseball with a mass of 0.15 kg is thrown with a velocity of 40 m/s. Calculate the momentum of the baseball.

Accepted Answer

0.375 kg m/s

Answer

6 kg m/s

Answer

1.5 kg m/s

Answer

12 kg m/s

Question 3

In a completely inelastic collision, which of the following quantities remains constant?

Accepted Answer

Momentum

Answer

Kinetic energy

Answer

Total energy

Answer

Velocity

Question 4

Which of the following does not influence the momentum of an object?

Accepted Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Mass

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Direction of motion

Question 5

The momentum of a system of two objects is zero. Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The objects are moving in opposite directions with equal speeds

Answer

The objects are moving in the same direction with equal speeds

Answer

The objects are stationary

Answer

The objects are moving perpendicular to each other

Question 6

A car with a mass of 1000 kilograms (kg) is traveling at a velocity of 10 meters per second (m/s). Calculate the momentum of the car.

Accepted Answer

1000 kg m/s

Answer

100 kg m/s

Answer

10000 kg m/s

Question 7

Define linear momentum.

Accepted Answer

Product of mass and velocity

Answer

Mass of an object in motion

Answer

Force acting on an object

Answer

Change in velocity over time

Question 8

State the law of conservation of momentum.

Accepted Answer

Total momentum of a closed system remains constant

Answer

Momentum is created and destroyed in interactions

Answer

Momentum is always conserved in any system

Answer

Momentum is lost during collisions

Question 9

Calculate the momentum of an object with mass 'm' and velocity 'v'.

Accepted Answer

mv

Answer

0.5mv

Answer

2mv

Answer

mv^2

Question 10

Identify an inelastic collision scenario.

Accepted Answer

Cars colliding and stopping completely

Answer

Billiard balls bouncing off each other

Answer

Baseball bat hitting a baseball

Answer

Car colliding with a wall and bouncing back

Question 11

Describe the relationship between impulse and momentum.

Accepted Answer

Impulse is equal to the change in momentum

Answer

Impulse is the rate of change of momentum

Answer

Impulse is the force applied over time

Answer

Momentum is the rate of change of impulse

Question 12

Which unit is NOT used to measure momentum?

Accepted Answer

J

Answer

kg m/s

Answer

N s

Answer

kg m/s^2

Question 13

Explain why a rocket engine expels gases at high velocity.

Accepted Answer

To generate thrust through momentum conservation

Answer

To reduce mass and increase speed

Answer

To produce heat and propel the rocket

Answer

To balance gravity and maintain altitude

Question 14

Which factor does NOT influence an object's momentum?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Mass

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Direction of motion

Question 15

Identify an object with zero momentum.

Accepted Answer

Parked car

Answer

Rolling ball on a frictionless surface

Answer

Person walking at constant speed

Answer

Spinning top

Question 16

The linear momentum of an object is given by the product of its mass (m) and velocity (v). Which of the following is the formula for linear momentum?

Accepted Answer

mv

Answer

mv^2

Answer

v/m

Answer

m/v

Question 17

What is the SI unit of impulse?

Accepted Answer

N

Answer

kg m/s

Answer

kg m/s^2

Answer

J

Question 18

A 5 kg ball moving at 10 m/s collides with a stationary 2 kg ball. After the collision, the 5 kg ball continues moving at 5 m/s. What is the velocity of the 2 kg ball after the collision?

Accepted Answer

2.5 m/s

Answer

10 m/s

Answer

5 m/s

Answer

0 m/s

Question 19

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the momentum of an object?

Accepted Answer

Time

Answer

Mass

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Acceleration

Question 20

Which of the following is a vector quantity that describes both magnitude and direction?

Accepted Answer

Momentum

Answer

Mass

Answer

Speed

Answer

Displacement

Question 21

In an elastic collision, both momentum and kinetic energy are:

Accepted Answer

Conserved

Answer

Not conserved

Answer

Partially conserved

Answer

Doubled

Question 22

Which of the following statements about impulse is correct?

Accepted Answer

Impulse is defined as the rate of change of momentum.

Answer

Impulse is a scalar quantity.

Answer

Impulse is independent of the mass of the object.

Answer

Impulse is always negative.

Question 23

What is the SI unit of momentum?

Accepted Answer

kg m/s

Answer

kg m/s^2

Answer

N

Answer

J

Question 24

According to the principle of conservation of momentum, the total momentum of an isolated system:

Accepted Answer

Remains constant

Answer

Increases over time

Answer

Decreases over time

Answer

Varies randomly

Question 25

Impulse is defined as the:

Accepted Answer

Change in momentum over time

Answer

Force acting on an object

Answer

Work done on an object

Answer

Energy of an object

Question 26

A 0.145 kg baseball is hit by a bat, causing its velocity to change from 0 to 30 m/s in 0.01 seconds. Determine the average force applied to the ball.

Accepted Answer

435 N

Answer

145 N

Answer

290 N

Answer

405 N

Question 27

Which of the following does NOT affect momentum?

Accepted Answer

Temperature

Answer

Mass

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Time

Question 28

Which of the following is the SI unit of momentum?

Accepted Answer

Kilogram meter per second

Answer

Newton

Answer

Joule

Answer

Watt

Question 29

Which of the following is a consequence of the conservation of momentum?

Accepted Answer

Total momentum remains constant in a closed system

Answer

Momentum can be created or destroyed

Answer

Momentum is always conserved in all interactions

Answer

Momentum is only conserved in elastic collisions

Question 30

Which of the following is the impulse acting on an object?

Accepted Answer

Force acting over a time interval

Answer

Change in velocity

Answer

Momentum of the object

Answer

Kinetic energy of the object

Question 31

Which of the following is a type of inelastic collision?

Accepted Answer

Collision where kinetic energy is not conserved

Answer

Collision where kinetic energy is conserved

Answer

Collision where momentum is conserved

Answer

Collision where both kinetic energy and momentum are conserved

Question 32

What is the precise definition of momentum?

Accepted Answer

A vector quantity resulting from multiplying an object's mass by its velocity.

Answer

A scalar quantity resulting from multiplying an object's mass by its velocity.

Answer

A measure of an object's resistance to motion changes.

Answer

A force that causes an object to accelerate.

Question 33

The linear momentum (p) of an object with mass 'm' moving with velocity 'v' is:

Accepted Answer

p = mv

Answer

p = m/v

Answer

p = 1/(mv)

Question 34

According to the law of conservation of momentum, the total momentum of an isolated system:

Accepted Answer

Remains constant

Answer

Decreases to zero

Answer

Increases continuously

Answer

Fluctuates randomly

Question 35

The SI unit of impulse is:

Accepted Answer

Newton-second (Ns)

Answer

Kilogram-meter (kg-m)

Answer

Joule (J)

Answer

Meter-kilogram (m-kg)

Question 36

A rocket engine operates based on the principle of:

Accepted Answer

Conservation of momentum

Answer

Newton's first law

Answer

Newton's second law

Answer

Conservation of energy

Question 37

In a perfectly elastic collision:

Accepted Answer

Both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved

Answer

Momentum is conserved, but not kinetic energy

Answer

Neither momentum nor kinetic energy is conserved

Answer

Kinetic energy is conserved, but not momentum

Question 38

A ball is thrown vertically upward. At the highest point of its trajectory, its momentum is:

Accepted Answer

Zero

Answer

Constant

Answer

Maximum negative

Answer

Maximum positive

Question 39

Which of the following is NOT a vector quantity?

Accepted Answer

Kinetic energy

Answer

Velocity

Answer

Acceleration

Answer

Momentum

Question 40

The momentum of a system of two objects is doubled. What happens to the kinetic energy of the system?

Accepted Answer

It is quadrupled

Answer

It remains the same

Answer

It is doubled

Answer

It is halved

Question 41

In a collision between two objects, which of the following quantities remains constant?

Accepted Answer

Total momentum

Answer

Total kinetic energy

Answer

Total mechanical energy

Answer

Total potential energy

Question 42

Define impulse.

Accepted Answer

The change in momentum of an object

Answer

The acceleration of an object

Answer

The velocity of an object

Answer

The force applied to an object

Question 43

In a perfectly elastic collision, what happens to the total kinetic energy of the objects involved?

Accepted Answer

It is conserved

Answer

It is zero

Answer

It is reduced

Answer

It is increased

Question 44

The momentum of a system refers to:

Accepted Answer

The vector sum of the momenta of all objects in the system

Answer

The average momentum of all objects in the system

Answer

The scalar sum of the momenta of all objects in the system

Question 45

Which of the following equations represents the conservation of momentum?

Accepted Answer

m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = m₁v₁' + m₂v₂'

Answer

W = Fd

Answer

F = ma

Answer

KE = ½mv²

Question 46

A 1000 kg car is traveling at 20 m/s, while a 2000 kg truck is traveling in the opposite direction at 10 m/s. Determine the combined momentum of the system.

Accepted Answer

0 kg m/s

Answer

2000 kg m/s

Answer

1000 kg m/s

Question 47

State the impulse-momentum theorem.

Accepted Answer

Impulse equals the change in momentum.

Answer

Momentum equals the change in velocity.

Answer

Force equals the change in momentum.

Answer

Impulse equals the force applied.

Question 48

A 50 kg object is dropped from a height of 10 m. What is its momentum just before hitting the ground?

Accepted Answer

490 kg m/s

Answer

50 kg m/s

Answer

10 kg m/s

Answer

0 kg m/s

Question 49

Which factors determine the momentum of an object?

Accepted Answer

Mass and velocity

Answer

Temperature

Answer

Volume

Answer

Charge

Question 50

Identify the SI unit of momentum.

Accepted Answer

kg m/s

Answer

J

Answer

Ns

Answer

m/s