Personality Disorders: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

Question 1

Which of the following is a key symptom of borderline personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Emotional instability and difficulty controlling emotions

Answer

A grandiose sense of self-importance

Answer

Delusions of being followed or spied on

Answer

Avoidance of social situations due to fear of criticism or rejection

Question 2

Which of these is a common characteristic of Borderline Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Unstable relationships

Accepted Answer

Impulsive behavior

Accepted Answer

Fear of being abandoned

Answer

Persistent sadness

Question 3

When interacting with individuals diagnosed with personality disorders, which ethical consideration is paramount?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a non-judgmental and destigmatizing approach

Answer

Prioritizing treatment over thorough assessment

Answer

Exclusively focusing on the individual's strengths

Answer

Terminating therapy if progress is not observed promptly

Question 4

Which of the following is a primary diagnostic criterion for borderline personality disorder, as defined by the DSM-5?

Accepted Answer

Intense fear of abandonment

Answer

Persistent feelings of emptiness

Answer

Grandiose fantasies

Answer

Recurrent episodes of rage or irritability

Question 5

How can cultural factors influence the diagnosis of personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Cultural norms and values can shape the expression of symptoms.

Answer

Diagnostic criteria are universally applied across all cultures without regard to cultural context.

Answer

Cultural factors have no bearing on the accuracy of diagnostic assessments.

Answer

Cultural factors only influence the treatment of personality disorders, not the diagnosis.

Question 6

How can culture influence the presentation and diagnosis of personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Cultural norms and values can shape symptoms and presentation

Answer

Diagnostic criteria are universally applicable across cultures

Answer

Culture does not have a significant impact on personality disorder diagnosis

Answer

Personality disorders are more prevalent in certain cultures than others

Question 7

Which personality disorder is characterized by a pattern of manipulation, deceit, and exploitation?

Accepted Answer

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Answer

Borderline Personality Disorder

Answer

Narcissistic Personality Disorder

Answer

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Question 8

What is the primary goal of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Modify maladaptive patterns of thinking and behavior

Answer

Increase self-awareness and promote healthy coping mechanisms

Answer

Resolve deep-seated conflicts and improve relationships

Answer

Decrease symptoms and enhance overall functioning

Question 9

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of paranoid personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Persistent suspiciousness and distrust

Answer

Grandiose sense of self-importance

Answer

Impulsive and reckless behavior

Answer

Excessive anxiety and worry

Question 10

According to the biopsychosocial model, what combination of factors contributes to the development of personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

A combination of genetic and environmental factors

Answer

Inherited genetic factors only

Answer

Early childhood experiences only

Answer

Unknown causes

Question 11

Which type of therapy involves challenging and changing maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors in personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Answer

Psychoanalytic therapy

Answer

Humanistic therapy

Answer

Art therapy

Question 12

What is the distinguishing feature of antisocial personality disorder, as defined by the DSM-5 criteria?

Accepted Answer

Lack of empathy and remorse for others

Answer

Experiencing persistent anxiety and fear

Answer

Engaging in repetitive, compulsive behaviors

Answer

Displaying a pattern of unstable and intense relationships

Question 13

Which cluster of personality disorders is characterized by emotional instability, impulsivity, and attention-seeking behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Cluster B

Answer

Cluster A

Answer

Cluster C

Answer

Cluster D

Question 14

During the diagnostic process for personality disorders, which method is typically employed to gather information about the individual's traits and behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Clinical interview and psychological assessment

Answer

Physical examination

Answer

Laboratory testing

Answer

Neuroimaging scans

Question 15

Which statement accurately describes the prognosis for individuals with personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

The prognosis for personality disorders is highly dependent on the specific disorder and individual factors.

Answer

Personality disorders are generally curable with medication and therapy.

Answer

Personality disorders are typically lifelong conditions with varying degrees of severity.

Answer

Personality disorders are always severe and debilitating.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of borderline personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Lack of empathy and remorse

Answer

Emotional instability

Answer

Impulsivity and recklessness

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of borderline personality disorder (BPD)?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining stable relationships

Answer

Extreme mood changes

Answer

Acting on impulses

Answer

Thoughts of self-harm or suicide

Question 18

Which of the following is a primary characteristic of paranoid personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Intense and unwarranted distrust and suspiciousness of others

Answer

Excessive need for attention and validation

Answer

Rigid and inflexible thinking patterns

Answer

Unstable emotions and impulsive behavior

Question 19

A person with histrionic personality disorder is likely to exhibit:

Accepted Answer

Excessive emotional expression and attention-seeking behaviors

Answer

Withdrawal and avoidance of social situations

Answer

Grandiose sense of self-importance and entitlement

Question 20

What is the main therapeutic goal for individuals with personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Improving overall functioning and reducing distress

Answer

Altering the fundamental personality structure

Answer

Completely eliminating all symptoms

Answer

Discovering and resolving unconscious conflicts

Question 21

According to the DSM-5, the diagnostic criteria for narcissistic personality disorder include:

Accepted Answer

A consistent pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy

Answer

Unstable relationships, fear of abandonment, and impulsive behavior

Answer

Excessive worry, perfectionism, and avoidance of social situations

Question 22

Which of the following is a potential risk factor for developing antisocial personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Experiences of childhood abuse or neglect

Answer

High socioeconomic status

Answer

Protective genetic factors

Answer

Strong family support

Question 23

Which defense mechanism is commonly employed by individuals with avoidant personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Withdrawal and avoidance

Answer

Intellectualization

Answer

Sublimation

Answer

Displacement

Question 24

Which mental health condition is commonly co-occurring with personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Substance use disorder

Answer

Allergies

Answer

Type 2 diabetes

Answer

Asthma

Question 25

Which of the following features is characteristic of **paranoid personality disorder**?

Accepted Answer

Excessive suspiciousness and mistrust of others

Answer

Intense fear of abandonment

Answer

Grandiose sense of self-importance

Answer

Reckless and impulsive behavior

Question 26

Which of the following is a central feature of **antisocial personality disorder**?

Accepted Answer

Lack of empathy and disregard for social norms

Answer

Compulsive need for orderliness and perfectionism

Answer

Excessive anxiety and intense fearfulness

Answer

Emotional instability and exaggerated emotional expression

Question 27

Which treatment approach is specifically tailored for **borderline personality disorder**?

Accepted Answer

Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)

Answer

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Answer

Psychodynamic Therapy

Answer

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Question 28

According to the biopsychosocial model, what is the primary cause of personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

A combination of genetic, environmental, and social factors

Answer

Childhood trauma

Answer

Genetics alone

Question 29

Which of the following is **not** a symptom of **narcissistic personality disorder**?

Accepted Answer

Low self-esteem

Answer

Grandiose sense of self-importance

Answer

Need for admiration

Answer

Lack of empathy

Question 30

What is the general prognosis for **personality disorders**?

Accepted Answer

Variable, depending on the individual and the specific disorder

Answer

Always unfavorable

Answer

Always favorable with appropriate treatment

Question 31

Which of the following is a diagnostic criterion for **histrionic personality disorder**?

Accepted Answer

Excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior

Answer

Fixed beliefs and paranoid ideation

Answer

Fear of criticism and social avoidance

Question 32

What is the primary aim of therapy for **personality disorders**?

Accepted Answer

To enhance functioning and alleviate distress

Answer

To eliminate all symptoms completely

Answer

To change the fundamental aspects of the individual's personality

Question 33

Which of the following is a known risk factor for developing a **personality disorder**?

Accepted Answer

Experiencing childhood trauma or neglect

Answer

Social isolation

Answer

Stressful life events only in adulthood

Answer

Genetics alone

Question 34

How do **personality disorders** differ from **personality traits**?

Accepted Answer

Personality disorders are inflexible and significantly impair functioning, while personality traits are flexible and do not cause significant impairment.

Answer

Personality disorders are more common than personality traits.

Question 35

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of borderline personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Intense emotional instability, such as sudden shifts in mood and intense anger

Answer

Persistent delusions and hallucinations

Answer

Compulsive behaviors and repetitive thoughts

Answer

Extreme social withdrawal

Question 36

Which type of personality disorder is characterized by a persistent fear of being judged, criticized, or rejected?

Accepted Answer

Avoidant personality disorder

Answer

Histrionic personality disorder

Answer

Paranoid personality disorder

Answer

Dependent personality disorder

Question 37

What is considered the first-line treatment for narcissistic personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

Psychotherapy, particularly psychodynamic or transference-focused psychotherapy

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy

Answer

Medication, such as antidepressants or antipsychotics

Answer

Hospitalization

Question 38

What is the primary distinction between schizotypal personality disorder and schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Reality testing; individuals with schizotypal personality disorder typically maintain an intact sense of reality, unlike those with schizophrenia.

Answer

Severity of symptoms

Answer

Age of onset

Answer

Presence of delusions

Question 39

Which of the following is a specific technique used in schema therapy for personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Limited reparenting, which involves addressing unmet childhood needs through therapeutic interactions.

Answer

Behavior modification

Answer

Psychodynamic exploration

Answer

Cognitive restructuring

Question 40

What is the primary aim of dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) when treating borderline personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

To reduce self-harming behaviors and improve emotional regulation.

Answer

To enhance social skills and interpersonal relationships.

Answer

To boost self-esteem and positive self-regard.

Answer

To uncover and resolve deep-seated childhood traumas.

Question 41

Which of the following is a recognized limitation of the categorical approach to diagnosing personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

It may result in an oversimplified and rigid classification system that does not fully capture the complexity and variability of personality pathology.

Answer

It is not supported by empirical research findings.

Answer

It does not allow for the consideration of comorbid conditions.

Answer

It is difficult to apply in clinical settings due to its complex criteria.

Question 42

Identify a characteristic symptom of Borderline Personality Disorder:

Accepted Answer

An intense fear of abandonment

Answer

Experiencing persistent delusions of persecution

Answer

Compulsive hoarding of possessions

Answer

Maintaining a grandiose sense of self-importance

Question 43

Which factor is considered a primary cause of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Excessive parental praise and admiration

Answer

Having unresolved issues from early childhood

Answer

Biological factors such as genetic predisposition

Answer

經歷Childhood trauma and neglect

Question 44

Which key feature characterizes Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Excessive attention-seeking behavior

Answer

Withdrawn and isolated behavior

Answer

Rigid and inflexible thinking patterns

Answer

Extreme suspiciousness and distrust

Question 45

Which cluster of personality disorders is primarily characterized by eccentric and unusual behavior?

Accepted Answer

Cluster A

Answer

Cluster C

Answer

This classification is not specified in the DSM-5

Answer

Cluster B

Question 46

What is the primary distinction between Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder and Avoidant Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Focus on control versus fear of criticism

Answer

Severity of symptoms

Answer

Age of onset

Answer

Treatment response

Question 47

Which research method is most commonly employed in the study of personality disorders?

Accepted Answer

Clinical interviews and case studies

Answer

Experimental studies

Answer

Longitudinal studies

Answer

Neuroimaging studies

Question 48

Which of the following is **not** a symptom of Borderline Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Stable sense of identity

Answer

Impulsivity

Answer

Emotional instability

Answer

Suicidal behavior

Question 49

Which of the following is a key characteristic of Narcissistic Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Inflated sense of self-importance

Answer

Fear of abandonment

Answer

Withdrawal from social interactions

Answer

Emotional dysregulation

Question 50

Which of the following treatment modalities is commonly used for Histrionic Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy

Answer

Dialectical behavior therapy

Answer

Medications only

Question 51

What is a major difference between Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder and Antisocial Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Level of empathy

Answer

Severity of symptoms

Answer

Age of onset

Answer

Comorbid psychiatric conditions

Question 52

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing Personality Disorders?

Accepted Answer

Childhood trauma

Answer

Genetics only

Answer

High socioeconomic status

Answer

Advanced age

Question 53

Which of the following is not a type of Cluster A Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Answer

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Answer

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Answer

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Question 54

What is a key feature of Dependent Personality Disorder?

Accepted Answer

Excessive reliance and submission to others

Answer

Grandiose sense of self

Answer

Emotional instability

Answer

Withdrawal from social situations

Question 55

Which of the following is a common comorbidity with Personality Disorders?

Accepted Answer

Substance use disorders and mood disorders

Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Asthma

Question 56

What is a major challenge in diagnosing Personality Disorders?

Accepted Answer

Subjectivity in assessment and cultural variations in symptom presentation

Answer

Stigma associated with the diagnosis only

Answer

Lack of reliable assessment tools only

Answer

Insufficient training among clinicians only