Database Backup and Recovery: Master Data Protection and Recovery

Question 1

What is the primary function of a recovery log in a database system?

Accepted Answer

To record database modifications for recovery purposes

Answer

To store user login information

Answer

To optimize database performance

Answer

To manage database permissions

Question 2

How does a logical backup differ from a physical backup in terms of the information it includes?

Accepted Answer

A logical backup includes data structure information, while a physical backup does not.

Answer

A physical backup includes data structure information, while a logical backup does not.

Answer

There is no difference in the information included in a logical and a physical backup.

Answer

A logical backup is a copy of the entire database, while a physical backup is a copy of only the data.

Question 3

What is the main objective of point-in-time recovery in database systems?

Accepted Answer

To restore the database to a specific state at a chosen point in time

Answer

To recover data that has been accidentally deleted

Answer

To backup the database without interrupting user activity

Answer

To optimize database performance

Question 4

What is the primary purpose of a transaction log in a database system?

Accepted Answer

To record database modifications for recovery purposes

Answer

To store user login information

Answer

To optimize database performance

Answer

To manage database permissions

Question 5

Which backup method creates an exact replica of the database, encompassing all user data, table structures, and indexes?

Accepted Answer

Full backup

Answer

Differential backup

Answer

Incremental backup

Answer

Log backup

Question 6

When is a differential backup most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

After a full backup

Answer

Following any database modification

Answer

After an incremental backup

Answer

When the database is inactive

Question 7

Explain the distinction between logical and physical backups.

Accepted Answer

Logical backups capture data and schema, while physical backups capture raw data blocks.

Answer

Physical backups capture data and schema, while logical backups capture raw data blocks.

Answer

Logical backups are faster than physical backups.

Answer

Physical backups are more reliable than logical backups.

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a potential risk related to database backups?

Accepted Answer

Reduced costs

Answer

Potential data loss

Answer

Potential downtime

Answer

Non-compliance with regulations

Question 9

Which backup method generates a complete copy of the database, including data, indexes, and metadata?

Accepted Answer

Full backup

Answer

Differential backup

Answer

Incremental backup

Answer

Log backup

Question 10

Which recovery procedure allows you to restore the database to its state as of a specific time in the past?

Accepted Answer

Point-in-time recovery

Answer

Transaction log recovery

Answer

Full recovery

Answer

Partial recovery

Question 11

What is the primary purpose of a database transaction log in the context of recovery?

Accepted Answer

To record all database modifications and support recovery

Answer

To create a duplicate copy of the database for backup purposes

Answer

To perform performance optimizations on database operations

Answer

To enhance data security and prevent unauthorized access

Question 12

Which approach is considered a best practice to ensure the integrity of data during database recovery?

Accepted Answer

Implementing a combination of all the above

Answer

Performing regular backups

Answer

Testing recovery procedures periodically

Answer

Utilizing a recovery manager tool

Question 13

What is the primary responsibility of a database management system (DBMS) in data recovery processes?

Accepted Answer

Managing and automating the backup and recovery operations

Answer

Providing encryption to protect data during recovery

Answer

Optimizing the performance of the database during recovery

Answer

Preventing data loss altogether

Question 14

How do legal and compliance requirements impact the selection of backup methods and recovery strategies for database systems?

Accepted Answer

They mandate specific backup frequencies and recovery time objectives (RTOs).

Answer

They only apply to databases with sensitive customer data.

Answer

They influence recovery strategies but not backup methods.

Answer

They are irrelevant in disaster recovery planning.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a common backup strategy?

Accepted Answer

Transactional backup

Answer

Cold backup

Answer

Hot backup

Answer

Differential backup

Question 16

Which type of recovery involves restoring the database to a prior state in time?

Accepted Answer

Point-in-time recovery

Answer

Full recovery

Answer

Partial recovery

Answer

Incremental recovery

Question 17

What is the advantage of using a logical backup?

Accepted Answer

It includes only the relevant data and metadata for restoration

Answer

It is typically larger in size than a physical backup

Answer

It is less secure than a physical backup

Answer

It is slower to perform than a physical backup

Question 18

Which technique is used to verify the integrity of a backup?

Accepted Answer

Data validation

Answer

Checkpoints

Answer

Transaction logs

Answer

Encryption

Question 19

What is the role of a backup window in database recovery?

Accepted Answer

It defines the time frame during which backups are performed

Answer

It specifies the maximum size of backup files

Answer

It controls the frequency of backup operations

Answer

It determines the number of backup copies to retain

Question 20

What is the main distinction between a logical and a physical database backup?

Accepted Answer

Logical backups contain schema and data, while physical backups contain raw data blocks

Answer

Physical backups are less reliable than logical backups

Answer

Logical backups are slower to perform than physical backups

Answer

Logical backups include transaction logs, while physical backups do not

Question 21

What is the primary purpose of a database recovery log?

Accepted Answer

To record all transactions made to the database

Answer

To facilitate recovery from a backup

Answer

To identify corrupted data blocks

Answer

To optimize database performance

Question 22

Which data recovery method restores the database to its state at a specific point in time?

Accepted Answer

Restore from log

Answer

Cold backup

Answer

Hot backup

Answer

Differential restore

Question 23

How does a differential data backup differ from a full backup?

Accepted Answer

A full backup contains data from the entire database at a specific point in time, while a differential backup contains only the changes made since the last full backup.

Answer

A differential backup contains data from the entire database at a specific point in time, while a full backup contains only the changes made since the last differential backup.

Answer

Both backups contain data from the entire database.

Answer

There is no difference between the two.

Question 24

What is the primary function of a disaster recovery plan in data protection?

Accepted Answer

To guide an organization's response to catastrophic events that may result in data loss

Answer

To ensure data integrity in the event of a hardware failure

Answer

To supplement regular backup and recovery operations

Answer

To prevent unauthorized access to data

Question 25

In database backup and recovery, why is data integrity verification crucial? How does it enhance the reliability of the restored data?

Accepted Answer

Data integrity verification ensures the accuracy and consistency of the recovered data, preventing data corruption and errors.

Answer

Data integrity verification minimizes the likelihood of data loss during recovery.

Answer

Data integrity verification reduces the recovery time by eliminating the need for post-recovery data validation.

Answer

Data integrity verification is only applicable to full database backups.

Question 26

How does the frequency of database backups impact recovery time objectives (RTOs)?

Accepted Answer

Increased backup frequency results in shorter RTOs.

Answer

Decreased backup frequency results in shorter RTOs.

Answer

Backup frequency is not a factor in determining RTOs.

Question 27

When selecting a backup method, which of the following is NOT a primary consideration?

Accepted Answer

Data age

Answer

Data Recovery Time Objective (RTO)

Answer

Recovery Point Objective (RPO)

Answer

Portability

Question 28

What is the primary purpose of a recovery transaction log?

Accepted Answer

To record all database changes for potential recovery

Answer

To improve transaction processing performance

Answer

To synchronize backup operations

Answer

To create a backup point

Question 29

Which recovery strategy involves restoring the database from the latest backup and then replaying transaction logs?

Accepted Answer

Roll-forward recovery

Answer

Point-in-time recovery

Answer

Cold recovery

Answer

Roll-back recovery

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT a type of database backup commonly used in practice?

Accepted Answer

Monthly backup

Answer

Full backup

Answer

Incremental backup

Answer

Differential backup

Question 31

What is the primary purpose of performing a cold backup in a database system?

Accepted Answer

To back up the database while it is shut down and inaccessible to users

Answer

To back up the database while it is running and accessible to users

Answer

To recover data from a previously created backup

Answer

To create a duplicate copy of the database for testing purposes

Question 32

What is the primary function of a recovery catalog in the context of database recovery?

Accepted Answer

Stores metadata about backups and recovery logs for tracking and management

Answer

Manages the process of restoring data from backups and applying recovery logs

Answer

Facilitates the creation and scheduling of new backups in the database system

Answer

Provides security features to protect backups from unauthorized access and tampering

Question 33

Which backup type involves copying only the changes since the previous backup?

Accepted Answer

Incremental backup

Answer

Full backup

Answer

Differential backup

Answer

Transaction log backup

Question 34

What is the primary purpose of a recovery point objective (RPO)?

Accepted Answer

To determine the maximum data loss acceptable in case of a disaster.

Answer

To define the maximum duration of database unavailability.

Answer

To establish the frequency of database backups.

Answer

To identify the most cost-effective backup method.

Question 35

Which recovery approach restores the database to its state at a specific point in time?

Accepted Answer

Point-in-time recovery

Answer

Full recovery

Answer

Transaction recovery

Answer

Incremental recovery

Question 36

What is the main function of a database recovery plan?

Accepted Answer

To outline the steps required to recover a database after a failure.

Answer

To identify potential risks to a database and develop mitigation strategies.

Answer

To train staff on database backup and recovery procedures.

Answer

To document the backup and recovery processes for a database.

Question 37

What is the main purpose of a Recovery Point Objective (RPO)?

Accepted Answer

To define the maximum amount of data loss that can be tolerated after a failure

Answer

To determine the frequency of backups

Answer

To establish the maximum amount of downtime that is acceptable

Answer

To specify the technology used for recovery

Question 38

What is the primary role of a transaction log?

Accepted Answer

To record changes made to the database

Answer

To store permanent copies of data

Answer

To provide a backup copy of the database

Answer

To optimize database performance

Question 39

What is the key difference between a full backup and an incremental backup?

Accepted Answer

A full backup contains all data, while an incremental backup only contains changes since the last full backup

Answer

An incremental backup contains all data, while a full backup only contains changes since the last incremental backup

Answer

Full backups are faster than incremental backups

Answer

Incremental backups are more reliable than full backups

Question 40

Which of the following backup methods involves copying the entire database to a separate storage device while the database is offline?

Accepted Answer

Cold backup

Answer

Incremental backup

Answer

Differential backup

Answer

Online backup

Question 41

What is the primary objective of a Recovery Point Objective (RPO)?

Accepted Answer

To define the maximum allowable data loss

Answer

To specify the duration of system downtime during recovery

Answer

To identify the specific files or data that need to be backed up

Answer

To determine the recovery priority of different data sets

Question 42

Which of the following is a significant advantage of using a log-based recovery method?

Accepted Answer

Minimizes recovery time by replaying only the required transaction logs

Answer

Guarantees complete data recovery in all situations

Answer

Simplifies backup procedures by eliminating the need for full backups

Answer

Eliminates the need for transaction logs altogether

Question 43

What is the primary function of a transaction log in database recovery?

Accepted Answer

To maintain a chronological record of all database modifications

Answer

To provide a mechanism for rolling back failed transactions

Answer

To maintain index integrity during backup and recovery

Answer

To ensure data consistency across multiple database instances

Question 44

Which of the following is considered a best practice for database backup and recovery?

Accepted Answer

Regularly testing backup and recovery procedures to ensure their effectiveness

Answer

Using only one backup method, such as full backups

Answer

Storing backups solely on the same physical server as the database

Answer

Neglecting to establish a disaster recovery plan

Question 45

What is the key difference between a differential backup and an incremental backup?

Accepted Answer

A differential backup includes changes since the last full backup, while an incremental backup includes changes since the last backup of any type

Answer

An incremental backup includes changes since the last full backup, while a differential backup includes changes since the last backup of any type

Answer

Both differential and incremental backups include changes since the last full backup

Answer

Neither differential nor incremental backups include changes since the last backup of any type

Question 46

What is the primary purpose of a disaster recovery plan?

Accepted Answer

To outline steps for restoring data and services in the event of a major disruption or disaster

Answer

To identify potential threats and vulnerabilities to the database

Answer

To provide guidance on how to prevent data loss and system downtime

Answer

To establish roles and responsibilities for recovery operations

Question 47

Reworded: Which primary objective is fulfilled by implementing a database backup strategy?

Accepted Answer

Protecting against data loss

Answer

Improving database query speed

Answer

Reducing database storage space requirements

Answer

Providing enhanced database security

Question 48

Reworded and Simplified: Which type of database backup creates a single file containing a complete copy of the database?

Accepted Answer

Full backup

Answer

Incremental backup

Answer

Differential backup

Answer

Logical backup

Question 49

Reworded: Which type of recovery method restores the database to a user-specified point in time?

Accepted Answer

Point-in-time recovery

Answer

Full recovery

Answer

Partial recovery

Answer

Logical recovery