Fluid Momentum: Master the Basics with Interactive Quizzes

Question 1

Which of the following is **not** an application of the conservation of momentum equation?

Accepted Answer

Heat exchangers

Answer

Jets

Answer

Pumps

Answer

Turbines

Question 2

The momentum flux vector is defined as:

Accepted Answer

ρu

Answer

ρu²

Answer

ρu³

Answer

ρu⁴

Question 3

A turbine is used to generate electricity from a flowing fluid. The torque produced by the turbine is:

Accepted Answer

Force x Arm

Answer

Mass x Acceleration

Answer

Moment of Inertia x Angular Velocity

Answer

Power / Angular Velocity

Question 4

What is the relationship between the pressure gradient and the velocity gradient in a fluid?

Accepted Answer

∇p = -ρ∇v

Answer

∇p = ρ∇v

Answer

∇p = -∇v

Answer

∇p = ∇v

Question 5

Under which condition is a fluid considered inviscid?

Accepted Answer

μ = 0

Answer

ρ = 0

Answer

μ = ρ

Answer

ρ = μ

Question 6

In fluid dynamics, how does the momentum flux vector relate to the velocity field?

Accepted Answer

The momentum flux vector is directly proportional to the velocity field.

Answer

The momentum flux vector is perpendicular to the velocity field.

Answer

The momentum flux vector is independent of the velocity field.

Question 7

A turbine extracts energy from a fluid by:

Accepted Answer

Converting the fluid's kinetic energy into mechanical energy.

Answer

Converting the fluid's potential energy into mechanical energy.

Answer

Converting the fluid's thermal energy into mechanical energy.

Answer

Converting the fluid's nuclear energy into mechanical energy.

Question 8

The efficiency of a turbine is defined as the ratio of:

Accepted Answer

Power output to power input

Answer

Power input to power output

Answer

Kinetic energy to potential energy

Answer

Potential energy to kinetic energy

Question 9

Which of the following factors does NOT affect the momentum of a fluid?

Accepted Answer

Temperature of the fluid

Answer

Mass of the fluid

Answer

Velocity of the fluid

Answer

Volume of the fluid

Question 10

State the fundamental principle of conservation of momentum.

Accepted Answer

The total momentum of an isolated system remains constant.

Answer

Momentum can be created or destroyed.

Answer

Momentum is always conserved in the presence of friction.

Question 11

Identify a method to increase the momentum of a system.

Accepted Answer

Applying an external force

Answer

Decreasing the volume of the system

Answer

Increasing the temperature of the system

Answer

Removing mass from the system

Question 12

A 0.5 kg ball is thrown vertically upward with a velocity of 10 m/s. Determine its momentum at the highest point of its trajectory.

Accepted Answer

0 kg m/s

Answer

1 kg m/s

Answer

2 kg m/s

Answer

0.5 kg m/s

Question 13

A 2 kg block moving to the right with a velocity of 3 m/s collides with a 3 kg block that is initially at rest. After the collision, the 2 kg block has a velocity of 1 m/s to the right. What is the velocity of the 3 kg block after the collision?

Accepted Answer

4 m/s

Answer

3 m/s

Answer

5 m/s

Answer

2 m/s

Question 14

A 1000 kg car traveling at 20 m/s collides head-on with a 2000 kg truck traveling at 10 m/s. The coefficient of restitution is 0.5. Calculate the velocity of the car after the collision.

Accepted Answer

-10 m/s

Answer

20 m/s

Answer

10 m/s

Answer

0 m/s

Question 15

According to the principle of conservation of momentum, the product of a fluid's velocity and density remains:

Accepted Answer

Constant along a streamline

Answer

Increasing along a streamline

Answer

Variable along a streamline

Answer

Decreasing along a streamline

Question 16

As a skier slides down a frictionless slope, their momentum:

Accepted Answer

Continuously increases

Answer

Becomes negative

Answer

Continuously decreases

Answer

Remains constant

Question 17

The impulse acting on an object is mathematically equivalent to:

Accepted Answer

The change in its momentum

Answer

The applied force

Answer

The area of contact

Answer

The time of impact

Question 18

A ball is thrown vertically upward. At its highest point, its momentum is:

Accepted Answer

Zero

Answer

Constant

Answer

Maximum

Answer

Minimum

Question 19

A fluid flowing steadily through a pipe has a velocity of 2 m/s at a section where the diameter is 10 cm. The pipe narrows to a diameter of 5 cm. Assuming incompressible flow, what is the fluid velocity at the narrower section?

Accepted Answer

8 m/s

Answer

16 m/s

Answer

4 m/s

Answer

1 m/s

Question 20

Two objects of equal mass experience a head-on collision. One object is initially at rest, while the other has an initial velocity of 10 m/s. If the collision is perfectly elastic, what are the velocities of the two objects after the collision?

Accepted Answer

5 m/s, -5 m/s

Answer

10 m/s, 0 m/s

Answer

0 m/s, 0 m/s

Answer

0 m/s, 10 m/s

Question 21

A fluid flowing through a pipe experiences a sudden expansion in diameter. According to the conservation of momentum principle, what happens to the average fluid velocity?

Accepted Answer

Decreases

Answer

Fluctuates

Answer

Increases

Answer

Remains constant

Question 22

A boat with a mass of 100 kg is initially at rest. A jet of water delivers 50 kg of water per second to the boat at a horizontal velocity of 10 m/s. The water jet continues moving forward at 5 m/s after impacting the boat. What is the approximate final velocity of the boat?

Accepted Answer

2.5 m/s

Answer

10 m/s

Answer

1.25 m/s

Answer

5 m/s