Peripheral Nervous System: Interactive Learning Quizzes for Nursing Students

Question 1

Which neuroglial cell type is NOT found in the Peripheral Nervous System?

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Schwann cells

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Satellite cells

Question 2

Afferent neurons transmit sensory information:

Accepted Answer

From the periphery to the CNS

Answer

From the CNS to the periphery

Answer

Within the CNS

Answer

Within the PNS

Question 3

The autonomic nervous system is further divided into the:

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic and parasympathetic systems

Answer

Central and peripheral systems

Answer

Somatic and visceral systems

Answer

Enteric and sensory systems

Question 4

Unmyelinated axons are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Slower conduction velocity

Answer

Rapid conduction velocity

Answer

Saltatory conduction

Answer

Greater insulation

Question 5

The resting membrane potential of a neuron is primarily maintained by the:

Accepted Answer

Sodium-potassium pump

Answer

Chloride channels

Answer

Calcium channels

Answer

Leak channels

Question 6

The neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction is:

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Question 7

The peripheral nerves innervating the limbs are known as:

Accepted Answer

Spinal nerves

Answer

Cranial nerves

Answer

Sympathetic nerves

Answer

Parasympathetic nerves

Question 8

The disorder characterized by progressive damage to myelin sheaths is:

Accepted Answer

Multiple sclerosis

Answer

Alzheimer's disease

Answer

Parkinson's disease

Answer

Huntington's disease

Question 9

Which of the following types of neurons transmit signals away from the central nervous system to effectors (muscles and glands)?

Accepted Answer

Efferent neurons

Answer

Afferent neurons

Answer

Interneurons

Answer

Receptor neurons

Question 10

The somatic nervous system primarily controls voluntary movements of which body part?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscles

Answer

Heart

Answer

Lungs

Answer

Intestines

Question 11

Which of the following cranial nerves has the largest number of nerve fibers?

Accepted Answer

Trigeminal nerve

Answer

Vagus nerve

Answer

Facial nerve

Answer

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 12

Which division of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for the 'fight-or-flight' response?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Parasympathetic nervous system

Answer

Enteric nervous system

Answer

Central nervous system

Question 13

Which of the following structures are NOT found in peripheral nerves?

Accepted Answer

Nerve cell bodies

Answer

Axons

Answer

Dendrites

Answer

Schwann cells

Question 14

Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with damage to peripheral nerves?

Accepted Answer

Numbness and tingling

Answer

High blood pressure

Answer

Rapid heart rate

Answer

Difficulty breathing

Question 15

Each spinal nerve innervates a specific region of skin called a:

Accepted Answer

Dermatome

Answer

Myotome

Answer

Sclerotome

Answer

Viscerotome

Question 16

The radial nerve supplies motor innervation to which of the following muscle groups?

Accepted Answer

Extensors of the elbow

Answer

Flexors of the wrist

Answer

Abductors of the thumb

Answer

Adductors of the fingers

Question 17

Which type of sensory receptor detects changes in temperature?

Accepted Answer

Thermoreceptor

Answer

Nociceptor

Answer

Mechanoreceptor

Answer

Chemoreceptor

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the somatic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Regulates blood pressure

Answer

Controls voluntary muscle movement

Answer

Provides sensory information from the skin

Answer

Involved in reflexes

Question 19

Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system:

Accepted Answer

Form the myelin sheath around axons in the peripheral nervous system

Answer

Myelinate axons in the central nervous system

Answer

Are responsible for transmitting nerve impulses

Answer

Produce neurotransmitters at the synapse

Question 20

Which type of neuron transmits impulses from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Afferent neuron

Answer

Efferent neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Answer

Motor neuron

Question 21

The parasympathetic nervous system is generally responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Both B and C

Answer

Preparing the body for "fight or flight"

Answer

Promoting digestion and relaxation

Answer

Regulating heart rate and blood pressure

Question 22

The action potential in a neuron is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A rapid depolarization followed by repolarization

Answer

A gradual depolarization and repolarization

Answer

A sustained depolarization

Answer

A hyperpolarization followed by depolarization

Question 23

Which of the following is a neurotransmitter released at the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Question 24

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Spinal cord

Answer

Cranial nerves

Answer

Peripheral nerves

Answer

Autonomic ganglia

Question 25

Which of the following reflexes is mediated by the parasympathetic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Salivary reflex

Answer

Pupillary reflex

Answer

Knee-jerk reflex

Answer

Withdrawal reflex

Question 26

The function of the dendrites in a neuron is to:

Accepted Answer

Receive stimuli and transmit impulses to the cell body

Answer

Transmit impulses away from the cell body

Answer

Secrete neurotransmitters

Answer

Myelinate the axon

Question 27

Which of the following distinguishes the somatic and autonomic nervous systems based on their target organs and response types?

Accepted Answer

Somatic: Skeletal muscles, voluntary responses; Autonomic: Visceral organs and glands, involuntary responses

Answer

Somatic: Visceral organs, voluntary responses; Autonomic: Skeletal muscles, involuntary responses

Answer

Both systems target skeletal muscles and mediate involuntary responses

Question 28

Which function is characteristic of the somatic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Directs voluntary muscle movements

Answer

Regulates involuntary bodily functions

Answer

Carries sensory information to the brain

Answer

Controls blood pressure

Question 29

Which neuron type transmits impulses away from the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Efferent neuron

Answer

Afferent neuron

Answer

Interneuron

Answer

Sensory neuron

Question 30

Which division of the autonomic nervous system prepares the body for "fight-or-flight" responses?

Accepted Answer

Sympathetic division

Answer

Parasympathetic division

Answer

Enteric division

Answer

Sensory division

Question 31

Which type of nerve fiber conducts impulses most efficiently?

Accepted Answer

A fibers

Answer

B fibers

Answer

C fibers

Answer

D fibers

Question 32

Which neurotransmitter is predominantly associated with parasympathetic nervous system activity?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Question 33

Describe Guillain-Barré syndrome's clinical significance.

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune disorder that affects peripheral nerves

Answer

Degenerative disorder that affects the central nervous system

Answer

Inflammatory disorder that causes muscle weakness

Answer

Genetic disorder that impairs nerve function

Question 34

Which type of peripheral nerve injury results in total loss of nerve function?

Accepted Answer

Neurotmesis

Answer

Neurapraxia

Answer

Axonotmesis

Answer

Denervation

Question 35

What is the role of dorsal root ganglia in the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

House sensory neuron cell bodies

Answer

Transmit motor impulses from the brain

Answer

Control autonomic functions

Answer

Process pain and temperature sensations

Question 36

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Higher-level cognitive processes

Answer

Sensory reception

Answer

Motor control

Answer

Blood pressure regulation

Question 37

The somatic nervous system primarily innervates which type of tissue?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Answer

Smooth muscle

Answer

Cardiac muscle

Answer

Glands

Question 38

Which division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for the 'rest-and-digest' response?

Accepted Answer

Parasympathetic

Answer

Sympathetic

Answer

Enteric

Answer

Central

Question 39

Afferent neurons primarily carry sensory information:

Accepted Answer

From the body to the central nervous system

Answer

From the central nervous system to the body

Answer

Between neurons within the central nervous system

Answer

To and from peripheral nerves

Question 40

The myelin sheath serves the primary function of:

Accepted Answer

Insulating axons and increasing conduction velocity

Answer

Generating action potentials

Answer

Releasing neurotransmitters

Answer

Facilitating synaptic communication

Question 41

Which of the following structures is NOT a component of a peripheral nerve?

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Axons

Answer

Schwann cells

Answer

Endoneurium

Question 42

The peripheral nervous system is structurally divided into:

Accepted Answer

Somatic and autonomic divisions

Answer

Central and peripheral divisions

Answer

Sensory and motor divisions

Answer

Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

Question 43

Which of the following is NOT a key function of the peripheral nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Performing higher-level cognitive functions

Answer

Receiving sensory information from the body

Answer

Transmitting motor commands to muscles

Answer

Regulating body temperature

Question 44

The somatic nervous system is primarily responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Facilitating voluntary muscle movements

Answer

Controlling involuntary actions

Answer

Communicating with internal organs

Answer

Regulating heart rate

Question 45

Which of the following nerves belongs to the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Vagus nerve

Answer

Phrenic nerve

Answer

Radial nerve

Answer

Trochlear nerve

Question 46

The insulating layer that surrounds peripheral nerves, facilitating efficient signal transmission, is produced by:

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells

Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Answer

Astrocytes

Answer

Microglia

Question 47

A common clinical manifestation of peripheral neuropathy includes:

Accepted Answer

Numbness and tingling sensations

Answer

Complete paralysis

Answer

Frequent seizures

Answer

Memory impairments

Question 48

The trigeminal nerve primarily innervates and provides sensation to:

Accepted Answer

Face

Answer

Neck

Answer

Upper limbs

Answer

Lower limbs

Question 49

The neurotransmitter responsible for signal transmission at the neuromuscular junction is:

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine

Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

GABA

Question 50

The cluster of sensory neuron cell bodies located outside the spinal cord is known as the:

Accepted Answer

Dorsal root ganglion

Answer

Ventral root ganglion

Answer

Sympathetic ganglion

Answer

Parasympathetic ganglion