Physical Growth and Development: Assessment and Monitoring in Pediatric Nursing

Question 1

Which tool is most commonly used to measure height and weight in children?

Accepted Answer

Height and weight scale

Answer

Body mass index (BMI) calculator

Answer

Growth chart

Answer

Measuring tape

Question 2

Which two measurements are used to calculate a child's body mass index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

Height and weight

Answer

Weight and waist circumference

Answer

Height and head circumference

Answer

Age and gender

Question 3

Tanner stages are used to assess what aspect of a child's development?

Accepted Answer

Pubertal development

Answer

Cognitive development

Answer

Gross motor skills

Answer

Language development

Question 4

According to the CDC, at what age should children be screened for nutritional deficiencies?

Accepted Answer

1 year

Answer

5 years

Answer

10 years

Answer

15 years

Question 5

Which of the following is the primary indicator of nutritional status in children?

Accepted Answer

Height-for-age z-score

Answer

Weight-for-height z-score

Answer

Body mass index (BMI)

Answer

Head circumference-for-age z-score

Question 6

A 5-year-old child with a weight-for-age z-score of -2 is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Underweight

Answer

Overweight

Answer

Normal weight

Answer

Obese

Question 7

A child with a body mass index (BMI) above the 97th percentile is considered to be:

Accepted Answer

Obese

Answer

Underweight

Answer

Normal weight

Answer

Overweight

Question 8

Identify the primary methods employed to evaluate deviations from normal growth patterns in children.

Accepted Answer

Anthropometry, Measuring head circumference, Plotting data on growth charts.

Answer

Interviewing parents about the child's eating and sleeping habits.

Answer

Monitoring the child's vital signs.

Question 9

Which of the following is a recognized prenatal environmental factor that can impact a child's birth weight?

Accepted Answer

Excessive maternal caffeine consumption

Answer

Regular maternal exercise

Answer

Child's gender

Answer

Paternal smoking

Question 10

Which is NOT a central component when assessing physical growth patterns in children?

Accepted Answer

Social development

Answer

Height

Answer

Weight

Answer

Body composition

Question 11

For children under 2 years of age, what is the recommended frequency for monitoring growth?

Accepted Answer

Monthly

Answer

Quarterly

Answer

Biannually

Answer

Annually

Question 12

What is the purpose of calculating the ponderal index in assessing fetal growth?

Accepted Answer

Determining the relationship between birth weight and gestational age

Answer

Predicting the risk of neurodevelopmental disabilities

Answer

Identifying the appropriate nutritional support method

Answer

It does not provide any useful insights into fetal growth

Question 13

Which genetic condition is most strongly associated with growth failure during childhood?

Accepted Answer

Turner syndrome

Answer

Cystic fibrosis

Answer

Sickle cell anemia

Answer

Marfan syndrome

Question 14

What is the primary purpose of utilizing a skinfold caliper in evaluating body composition?

Accepted Answer

Measuring subcutaneous fat depth

Answer

Assessing muscle mass

Answer

Calculating body mass index

Answer

Determining hydration levels

Question 15

Identify a characteristic of delayed puberty in male adolescents.

Accepted Answer

Absence of secondary sexual features by age 14

Answer

Testicular enlargement

Answer

Pubic hair development

Answer

Voice deepening

Question 16

Which measurement is considered the most reliable indicator of overall physical growth in children?

Accepted Answer

Height

Answer

Weight

Answer

Body Mass Index

Answer

Head circumference

Question 17

Delayed puberty in girls may be associated with which condition?

Accepted Answer

Turner syndrome

Answer

Hypothyroidism

Answer

Premature adrenarche

Answer

Cushing syndrome

Question 18

During a growth spurt in a 16-year-old boy, which hormone plays a primary role in regulating this growth?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Estrogen

Question 19

Which of the following components is NOT included in the WHO child growth chart?

Accepted Answer

Body fat percentage

Answer

Weight-for-age

Answer

Height-for-age

Answer

Head circumference-for-age

Question 20

Which of the following is a sign of nutritional deficiency in children?

Accepted Answer

Pallor

Answer

Edema

Answer

Increased growth rate

Answer

Improved appetite

Question 21

What is the normal range of body mass index (BMI) for children aged 2 to 5 years, in kg/m2?

Accepted Answer

15-25

Answer

15-18

Answer

18-25

Answer

18-30

Question 22

Which hormone is primarily responsible for linear growth in children?

Accepted Answer

Somatotropin

Answer

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1)

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Cortisol

Question 23

The ponderal index is a measure used to assess a child's:

Accepted Answer

Weight for height

Answer

Height for age

Answer

Body mass index

Answer

Head circumference

Question 24

The Tanner staging system is used to assess pubertal development based primarily on:

Accepted Answer

Genital and breast development

Answer

Height and weight

Answer

Skinfold thickness

Answer

Bone age

Question 25

Growth hormone is primarily responsible for regulating:

Accepted Answer

Linear growth

Answer

Muscle development

Answer

Fat distribution

Answer

Bone mineralization

Question 26

The most frequent cause of growth failure in children is:

Accepted Answer

Constitutional growth delay

Answer

Nutritional deficiency

Answer

Genetic disorders

Answer

Endocrine disorders

Question 27

A child's weight-for-height percentile is below the 5th percentile. What is the most likely interpretation?

Accepted Answer

Underweight

Answer

Overweight

Answer

Normal weight

Answer

Obesity

Question 28

Which factor does NOT influence growth velocity in children?

Accepted Answer

Sleep deprivation

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Nutrition

Answer

Physical activity

Question 29

The Tanner staging system is primarily used to assess:

Accepted Answer

Pubertal development

Answer

Growth velocity

Answer

Nutritional status

Answer

Skeletal maturity

Question 30

How can social factors like family income and access to medical care influence a child's physical growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Social factors can affect a child's physical growth and development by influencing access to healthy food, safe housing, and proper medical care.

Answer

Social factors have little effect on a child's physical growth and development.

Answer

Social factors mainly help a child's physical growth and development.

Question 31

What is a potential disadvantage of interdisciplinary collaboration in managing growth disorders?

Accepted Answer

Increased cost

Answer

Improved patient outcomes

Answer

Increased efficiency

Answer

Enhanced communication

Question 32

Which of the following is a key indicator of malnutrition in children under 5 years old?

Accepted Answer

Low weight-for-age

Answer

High height-for-age

Answer

Excessive body fat

Answer

Increased head circumference

Question 33

A 6-month-old infant is brought in for a well-child visit. Which of the following anthropometric measurements should the nurse obtain?

Accepted Answer

Height, weight, and head circumference

Answer

Height and weight only

Answer

Weight and length only

Answer

Chest circumference only

Question 34

Which of the following is NOT a developmental milestone typically achieved by 12 months of age?

Accepted Answer

Walking independently

Answer

Recognizing familiar faces

Answer

Grasping small objects

Answer

Sitting without support

Question 35

Which of the following is a recommended screening tool for developmental delays in children?

Accepted Answer

Ages & Stages Questionnaires (ASQ)

Answer

Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales (VABS)

Answer

Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)

Answer

Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)

Question 36

A nurse is assessing a 4-year-old child's motor skills. Which of the following observations indicates delayed fine motor development?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty buttoning buttons

Answer

Running with a wide base

Answer

Holding a crayon with a palmar grasp

Answer

Skipping while walking

Question 37

Which of the following is a characteristic of normal physical development in adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Growth spurt, increased muscle mass, and body fat distribution changes

Answer

Stable growth, no significant muscle mass changes, and minimal body composition alterations

Answer

Slowed growth, decreased muscle mass, and reduced fat stores

Question 38

An infant born with a birth weight of 2,500 grams is expected to weigh approximately how much at 1 year of age?

Accepted Answer

9.5 - 10.5 kilograms (kg)

Answer

7 - 8 kg

Answer

11 - 12 kg

Answer

4 - 5 kg

Question 39

What is considered a normal head circumference measurement for a 3-year-old child?

Accepted Answer

48 - 50 centimeters (cm)

Answer

38 - 40 cm

Answer

52 - 54 cm

Question 40

A sudden decline in a child's growth percentile on a growth chart may indicate:

Accepted Answer

An underlying medical condition

Answer

A normal growth spurt

Answer

A measurement error

Answer

A change in diet

Question 41

When measuring a child's height accurately, it is important to:

Accepted Answer

Ensure the child is standing upright and barefoot

Answer

Round measurements to the nearest inch

Answer

Measure with shoes on

Answer

Measure at the end of the day

Question 42

Which of the following factors does NOT influence a child's physical growth and development?

Accepted Answer

Birth Order

Answer

Environment

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Nutrition

Question 43

A child who consistently falls below the 5th percentile for both height and weight may be diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

Failure to thrive

Answer

Dwarfism

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Marasmus

Question 44

Which of the following is a characteristic of catch-up growth?

Accepted Answer

Rapid increase in height and weight to reach expected growth curve

Answer

No change in growth pattern

Answer

Intermittent growth spurts

Answer

Slow and gradual growth

Question 45

The primary hormone responsible for linear growth in children is:

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Answer

Cortisol

Answer

Insulin-like growth factor

Question 46

The Tanner staging system is used to assess:

Accepted Answer

Pubertal development

Answer

Social development

Answer

Motor development

Answer

Cognitive development

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a potential complication of growth hormone deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Obesity

Answer

Delayed puberty

Answer

Learning difficulties

Answer

Short stature

Question 48

A 12-month-old infant is brought to the clinic for a well-child visit. The nurse measures the infant's length and finds it to be 29 inches. The nurse recognizes that this measurement is:

Accepted Answer

Below the 5th percentile for length

Answer

Suggestive of a growth hormone deficiency

Answer

Within the normal range for length

Answer

Above the 95th percentile for length

Question 49

A 5-year-old child presents with a BMI of 28. The nurse understands that this BMI indicates:

Accepted Answer

Obesity

Answer

Normal weight

Answer

Underweight

Answer

Overweight

Question 50

A mother expresses concern that her 3-year-old child's head circumference is smaller than her peers. The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

Review the child's growth chart and compare to previous measurements

Answer

Reassure the mother that this is normal

Answer

Immediately refer the child to a specialist

Question 51

A school nurse is reviewing the growth charts of a group of children. She notices that a 7-year-old child has consistently fallen below the 5th percentile for height since age 4. The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

Refer the child to a healthcare provider for further evaluation

Answer

Continue monitoring the child's growth and reassess in 6 months

Answer

Encourage the child to eat more nutritious foods

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT a common indicator of physical growth and development in children?

Accepted Answer

Eye color

Answer

Weight

Answer

Height

Question 53

A nurse is explaining the importance of regular growth monitoring to a new mother. Which of the following statements is the BEST explanation?

Accepted Answer

Regular monitoring helps identify any potential growth problems early on

Answer

Growth monitoring is only important for the first year of life

Answer

Growth monitoring is only necessary for children who are at risk for health problems

Question 54

A 10-year-old child is being assessed for possible growth hormone deficiency. Which of the following is the MOST likely sign or symptom?

Accepted Answer

Delayed bone age

Answer

Frequent infections

Answer

Increased appetite

Question 55

The nurse is teaching a group of parents about the importance of nutrition in children's growth. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Good nutrition is essential for optimal growth and development

Answer

Nutrition only plays a role in a child's physical growth

Answer

A child's nutritional needs are the same throughout childhood

Question 56

A nurse is assessing a child's growth and development. Which of the following is the MOST important factor to consider when interpreting the child's growth measurements?

Accepted Answer

The child's growth trajectory over time

Answer

The child's socioeconomic status

Answer

The child's gender

Answer

The child's current weight and height