Substance Use Disorders: Classification, Symptoms, and Treatment

Question 1

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of opioid withdrawal?

Accepted Answer

Muscle spasms

Answer

Dilated pupils

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Seizures

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT included in the diagnostic criteria for substance use disorder (SUD) according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5)?

Accepted Answer

Impaired social functioning

Answer

Continued use despite harmful consequences

Answer

Cravings or urges to use the substance

Answer

Tolerance to the substance

Question 3

Which category of substances includes cocaine and amphetamines?

Accepted Answer

Stimulants

Answer

Depressants

Answer

Hallucinogens

Answer

Opioids

Question 4

What is the primary goal of methadone maintenance therapy in the treatment of opioid use disorder?

Accepted Answer

Preventing withdrawal symptoms

Answer

Reducing cravings

Answer

Blocking the effects of opioids

Answer

Promoting abstinence

Question 5

Motivational interviewing aims to:

Accepted Answer

Help clients develop their own motivation for change

Answer

Confront clients about their substance use

Answer

Provide education about the dangers of substance use

Answer

Encourage clients to commit to abstinence

Question 6

Which screening tool is commonly used to assess for potential substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

CAGE questionnaire

Answer

Beck Depression Inventory

Answer

Mini-Mental State Examination

Answer

Glasgow Coma Scale

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic symptom of alcohol withdrawal?

Accepted Answer

Hyperglycemia

Answer

Tremors

Answer

Anxiety

Answer

Seizures

Question 8

What is the FDA-approved primary pharmacological treatment for opioid use disorder?

Accepted Answer

Naltrexone

Answer

Clonidine

Answer

Lithium

Answer

Benzodiazepines

Question 9

In the management of alcohol withdrawal delirium, which nursing intervention is essential?

Accepted Answer

Administering benzodiazepines

Answer

Restraining the patient physically

Answer

Administering antipsychotic medications

Answer

Ignoring the patient's hallucinations

Question 10

In psychiatric nursing, which approach is central to harm reduction principles when caring for patients with substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

Supporting patients at their current stage of substance use

Answer

Confronting patients about their substance use

Answer

Focusing solely on abstinence as the primary goal

Answer

Punishing patients for relapses

Question 11

What is a potential long-term consequence of untreated substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of physical and mental health problems

Answer

Improved social relationships

Answer

Enhanced thinking skills

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a symptom of alcohol withdrawal delirium?

Accepted Answer

Persistent elevated blood pressure

Answer

Tremors

Answer

Sweating

Answer

Hallucinations

Question 13

What is the primary goal of motivational interviewing in substance use disorder treatment?

Accepted Answer

To help the patient recognize their own motivation for change

Answer

To confront and shame the patient into abstinence

Answer

To provide education about the harmful effects of substance use

Answer

To refer the patient to a rehabilitation facility

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a component of the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

Social difficulties due to substance use

Answer

Impaired control over substance use

Answer

Cravings

Answer

Withdrawal symptoms

Question 15

In assessing substance use disorders, which elements are crucial for a thorough evaluation?

Accepted Answer

Substance use history, physical exam, and mental status exam

Answer

Substance use history only

Answer

Physical exam and mental status exam only

Answer

Social history only

Question 16

What is the primary aim of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in the context of substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

To modify maladaptive thoughts and behaviors

Answer

To alleviate cravings

Answer

To enhance self-esteem

Answer

To prevent relapse

Question 17

Differentiate between tolerance and dependence.

Accepted Answer

Tolerance is the body's adaptation to a substance, while dependence is the psychological need for the substance.

Answer

Dependence is the body's adaptation to a substance, while tolerance is the psychological need for the substance.

Answer

Tolerance and dependence are the same thing.

Answer

There is no difference between tolerance and dependence.

Question 18

Alcohol use disorder is classified as which pharmacological class?

Accepted Answer

Sedative, hypnotic, or anxiolytic

Answer

Opioid

Answer

Stimulant

Answer

Hallucinogen

Question 19

Motivational interviewing, a specific approach in psychiatric nursing, is best described as:

Accepted Answer

Empowering clients to explore their own motivations for change

Answer

Providing information and advice

Answer

Confrontational and authoritarian in style

Answer

Reducing substance use through punishment

Question 20

Which of the following medications is used as a first-line treatment for alcohol use disorder?

Accepted Answer

Naltrexone

Answer

Clonidine

Answer

Lithium

Answer

Zolpidem

Question 21

What is the primary goal of harm reduction in the context of psychiatric nursing?

Accepted Answer

Reducing the negative consequences of substance use

Answer

Complete abstinence from substance use

Answer

Punishing individuals for substance use

Answer

Providing moral support to those struggling with addiction

Question 22

The biopsychosocial model of addiction suggests that substance use disorders are caused by:

Accepted Answer

An interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors

Answer

Biological factors alone

Answer

Psychological factors alone

Answer

Social factors alone

Question 23

Which neurotransmitter is closely linked to the feelings of pleasure and reward that drive substance use?

Accepted Answer

Dopamine

Answer

Serotonin

Answer

Norepinephrine

Answer

GABA

Question 24

What is the primary factor that can trigger relapse in individuals recovering from substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

Environmental cues and triggers

Answer

Lack of social support

Answer

Withdrawal symptoms

Answer

Underlying mental health conditions

Question 25

Which motivational interviewing technique can a nurse use to engage a patient with a history of alcohol dependence who is hesitant about quitting drinking?

Accepted Answer

Ask open-ended questions to explore the patient's thoughts and feelings about quitting drinking

Answer

Confront the patient about their drinking

Answer

Provide advice and tell the patient what to do

Answer

Use leading questions to guide the patient towards the desired outcome

Question 26

As per the DSM-5, the severity of a substance use disorder is primarily determined by:

Accepted Answer

Frequency and quantity of substance use

Answer

Length of substance use

Answer

Presence of withdrawal symptoms

Answer

Co-occurring mental health conditions

Question 27

Which type of opioid receptor is primarily responsible for the analgesic effects of opioids?

Accepted Answer

Mu

Answer

Delta

Answer

Kappa

Answer

Sigma

Question 28

What is the most common psychological symptom associated with stimulant use disorder?

Accepted Answer

Cravings

Answer

Seizures

Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Cardiovascular collapse

Question 29

Which of the following is a behavioral therapy technique used to treat substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Answer

Psychoanalysis

Answer

Medication-assisted treatment

Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy

Question 30

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing a substance use disorder?

Accepted Answer

Family history of substance abuse

Answer

Good coping skills

Answer

High socioeconomic status

Answer

Strong social support

Question 31

What is the key difference between tolerance and dependence in substance use?

Accepted Answer

Tolerance develops gradually with repeated use and can reverse with abstinence, while dependence is characterized by withdrawal symptoms when the substance is stopped.

Answer

Tolerance and dependence are the same thing.

Question 32

Which of the following is a sign of an overdose from an opioid?

Accepted Answer

Pinpoint pupils

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Increased alertness

Answer

Dilated pupils

Question 33

What is the goal of harm reduction in the treatment of substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

To reduce the negative consequences associated with substance use

Answer

To cure the underlying addiction

Answer

To achieve abstinence from all substances

Question 34

Which of the following is the most effective way to prevent substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

Education and early intervention

Answer

Stigma and shame

Answer

Treatment on demand

Answer

Criminalization and punishment

Question 35

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of alcohol use disorder, as described by the DSM-5?

Accepted Answer

Craving

Answer

Hallucinations

Answer

Delusions of persecution

Answer

Catatonia

Question 36

Which type of substance use disorder involves physiological dependence with a characteristic withdrawal syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Physical dependence

Answer

Psychological dependence

Answer

Withdrawal

Answer

Tolerance

Question 37

Which of the following is an opioid agonist medication commonly used to treat opioid use disorder?

Accepted Answer

Methadone

Answer

Lithium

Answer

Naltrexone

Answer

Fluoxetine

Question 38

Which of the following is a recognized risk factor for developing a substance use disorder?

Accepted Answer

Family history of substance abuse

Answer

Strong social support network

Answer

High socioeconomic status

Answer

Regular exercise

Question 39

Harm reduction is an approach to substance use that:

Accepted Answer

Prioritizes reducing the negative consequences of substance use without necessarily promoting abstinence.

Answer

Requires mandatory abstinence from all substances

Answer

Focuses solely on treating the underlying causes of substance use

Answer

Emphasizes punitive measures for drug possession

Question 40

Which of the following is an appropriate nursing intervention for a patient experiencing withdrawal from alcohol?

Accepted Answer

Administer benzodiazepines as prescribed to manage withdrawal symptoms

Answer

Ignore the patient's symptoms and focus on counseling

Answer

Encourage the patient to resume drinking to alleviate symptoms

Answer

Physically restrain the patient if agitated

Question 41

When working with patients with substance use disorders, which ethical principle should be prioritized?

Accepted Answer

Respecting patient autonomy and self-determination

Answer

Punishing patients for their substance use

Answer

Judging patients based on their past behavior

Answer

Breaching patient confidentiality without consent

Question 42

Which of the following is a long-term goal of recovery from substance use disorder?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining abstinence from all substances of abuse

Answer

Experiencing occasional relapses without negative consequences

Answer

Managing cravings without using substances but not achieving abstinence

Answer

Reducing substance use frequency while continuing to use occasionally

Question 43

Which of the following is a cognitive-behavioral therapy technique specifically designed for treating substance use disorders?

Accepted Answer

Motivational interviewing

Answer

Cognitive processing therapy

Answer

Psychodynamic psychotherapy

Answer

Dialectical behavior therapy

Question 44

A person in the precontemplation stage of change for substance use is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Not considering changing their substance use behavior.

Answer

Actively working to quit using substances.

Answer

Thinking about reducing substance use in the future.

Question 45

A patient with a history of methamphetamine use disorder presents with paranoia, agitation, and auditory hallucinations.  What is the most appropriate initial nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

Provide a safe and quiet environment with minimal stimulation.

Answer

Administer antipsychotic medication as ordered.

Answer

Encourage the patient to participate in group therapy.

Question 46

What is a core principle of motivational interviewing in substance use disorder treatment?

Accepted Answer

Emphasizing the patient's autonomy and self-efficacy in making changes.

Answer

Confronting the patient about their substance use.

Answer

Providing direct advice and recommendations for quitting.

Question 47

A patient is admitted to the psychiatric unit for treatment of alcohol use disorder. Which assessment should the nurse prioritize?

Accepted Answer

Assessing for alcohol withdrawal symptoms.

Answer

Evaluating the patient's social support system.

Answer

Assessing the patient's mental status.

Question 48

A patient being treated for opioid use disorder with methadone should be monitored for which potential side effect?

Accepted Answer

Constipation.

Answer

Hypertension.

Answer

Insomnia.

Answer

Increased appetite.

Question 49

A patient with a history of cocaine use disorder is experiencing chest pain and shortness of breath. What is the most appropriate nursing action?

Accepted Answer

Assess the patient's vital signs and call for immediate medical attention.

Answer

Administer oxygen as needed.

Answer

Encourage the patient to rest and relax.

Question 50

Which of the following is an example of harm reduction in substance use disorder treatment?

Accepted Answer

Providing clean needles and syringes to injection drug users.

Answer

Administering medication to block the effects of drugs.

Answer

Encouraging patients to abstain from all substance use.