Muscle Disorders: Comprehensive Learning Quizzes for Nursing Students

Question 1

Which is a primary symptom of muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Progressive muscle weakness

Answer

Muscle pain

Answer

Muscle spasms

Answer

Difficulty swallowing

Question 2

Myasthenia gravis is caused by:

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune response against acetylcholine receptors

Answer

Genetic mutation in the dystrophin gene

Answer

Viral infection of muscle tissue

Answer

Nutritional deficiency

Question 3

Which type of muscle disorder exhibits muscle weakness and fatigue that improves with rest?

Accepted Answer

Myasthenia gravis

Answer

Muscular dystrophy

Answer

Fibromyalgia

Answer

Polymyositis

Question 4

The prognosis for patients with muscular dystrophy:

Accepted Answer

Varies depending on the type

Answer

Good

Answer

Fair

Answer

Poor

Question 5

Most commonly used muscle biopsy technique:

Accepted Answer

Needle biopsy

Answer

Open biopsy

Answer

Frozen section biopsy

Answer

Aspiration biopsy

Question 6

The primary etiology of myasthenia gravis is:

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune dysfunction involving acetylcholine receptors

Answer

Direct damage to muscle fibers

Answer

Genetic mutations affecting muscle proteins

Answer

Bacterial or viral infection

Question 7

Which diagnostic modality is commonly utilized to provide definitive confirmation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)?

Accepted Answer

Electromyography (EMG)

Answer

Muscle biopsy

Answer

Genetic testing

Answer

Blood test

Question 8

Which type of muscle disorder is characterized by abnormal, involuntary muscle contractions?

Accepted Answer

Dystonia

Answer

Myopathy

Answer

Neuropathy

Answer

Sarcopenia

Question 9

Which of the following is a promising therapeutic strategy for spinal muscular atrophy?

Accepted Answer

Gene-based therapies

Answer

Physical therapy and exercise

Answer

Pharmacological interventions

Answer

Surgical procedures

Question 10

Which muscle group is primarily affected by sarcopenia?

Accepted Answer

Lower limbs

Answer

Upper limbs

Answer

Abdominal muscles

Answer

Back muscles

Question 11

Which type of muscle fiber is primarily involved in rapid, powerful movements?

Accepted Answer

Type IIx (fast-twitch, glycolytic)

Answer

Type I (slow-twitch)

Answer

Type IIa (fast-twitch, oxidative)

Answer

Type III (intermediate)

Question 12

Which type of muscle disorder is characterized by increased muscle size and strength?

Accepted Answer

Hypertrophy

Answer

Atrophy

Answer

Fibrosis

Answer

Contracture

Question 13

[Revised] Which of the following is a hallmark symptom of muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Insidious and progressive muscle weakness

Answer

Involuntary muscle contractions

Answer

Intense and constant pain

Answer

Vision impairment

Question 14

[Revised] A muscle biopsy in a patient with polymyositis is most likely to reveal:

Accepted Answer

Inflammatory infiltrates and damaged muscle fibers

Answer

Extensive amyloid deposits

Answer

Predominant muscle fiber atrophy

Answer

Increased deposition of collagen

Question 15

[Revised] The most prevalent type of muscle injury is:

Accepted Answer

Muscle strain, involving overstretching or tearing of muscle fibers

Answer

Muscle contusion, resulting from blunt trauma

Answer

Muscle rupture, causing complete muscle fiber tear

Answer

Muscle laceration, characterized by a cut or tear in the muscle

Question 16

[Revised] The primary function of the neuromuscular junction is to:

Accepted Answer

Transmit electrical impulses from nerve cells to muscle fibers

Answer

Receive electrical impulses from muscle fibers

Answer

Store calcium ions necessary for muscle contraction

Answer

Produce proteins essential for muscle growth

Question 17

How do muscle disorders affect the respiratory and cardiovascular systems, and what are the nursing implications of these effects?

Accepted Answer

Weakened respiratory muscles can lead to respiratory distress, while reduced cardiac contractility can impair cardiac function.

Answer

Muscle disorders enhance respiratory function and strengthen cardiac output.

Answer

Muscle disorders have no significant impact on the respiratory or cardiovascular systems.

Question 18

Which symptom is a hallmark of muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Progressive muscle weakness

Answer

Painful and inflamed muscles

Answer

Tremors accompanied by spasticity

Answer

Difficulty breathing

Question 19

How do corticosteroids exert their therapeutic effect in treating muscle disorders?

Accepted Answer

Suppressing inflammation to reduce muscle damage and pain

Answer

Enhancing muscle strength directly

Answer

Blocking nerve impulses to alleviate muscle spasms

Answer

Stimulating muscle growth and regeneration

Question 20

What is the mode of genetic inheritance for Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

X-linked recessive, where the affected gene is located on the X chromosome and primarily affects males

Answer

Autosomal dominant, where only one copy of the affected gene is needed to cause the disorder

Answer

Autosomal recessive, where both copies of the gene must be affected to cause the disorder

Answer

Mitochondrial, where the affected genes are present in the mitochondria, structures responsible for cellular energy production

Question 21

Which diagnostic test is considered the gold standard for confirming myositis?

Accepted Answer

Muscle biopsy, where a small sample of muscle tissue is examined under a microscope

Answer

Electromyography, which measures electrical activity in muscles

Answer

Serological testing, which analyzes blood for specific antibodies or markers

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan, which uses X-rays to create detailed images of the body

Question 22

Which type of muscle disorder is characterized by progressive muscle weakness and wasting?

Accepted Answer

Myopathy

Answer

Neuropathy

Answer

Myasthenia gravis

Answer

Electrolyte imbalance

Question 23

What is the main function of creatine kinase (CK) in muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Energy production through ATP synthesis

Answer

Oxygen transport

Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Waste removal

Question 24

Which diagnostic test is commonly used to confirm a diagnosis of myasthenia gravis?

Accepted Answer

Tensilon test

Answer

Electromyography (EMG)

Answer

Nerve conduction study

Answer

Muscle biopsy

Question 25

Which nursing intervention is appropriate for a patient experiencing muscle weakness?

Accepted Answer

Assisting with mobility and self-care activities

Answer

Encouraging maximum physical exertion to strengthen muscles

Answer

Limiting fluid intake

Answer

Providing a high-calorie diet

Question 26

Which medication is commonly prescribed to treat myasthenia gravis?

Accepted Answer

Pyridostigmine

Answer

Baclofen

Answer

Ibuprofen

Answer

Prednisone

Question 27

Which type of muscle disorder is characterized by an immune system attacking muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Polymyositis

Answer

Muscular dystrophy

Answer

Spinal muscular atrophy

Answer

Electrolyte imbalance

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive impairment

Answer

Progressive muscle weakness

Answer

Muscle pain

Answer

Difficulty breathing

Question 29

What is the main function of the acetylcholine receptor in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

To transmit nerve impulses to the muscle fiber

Answer

To store calcium ions

Answer

To generate muscle contraction

Answer

To release neurotransmitters

Question 30

What is the typical prognosis for patients with myotonic dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Variable depending on the severity of symptoms

Answer

Good with full recovery

Answer

Poor with progressive deterioration

Answer

Excellent with complete cure

Question 31

Which drug is commonly used to treat myasthenia gravis?

Accepted Answer

Pyridostigmine

Answer

Atropine

Answer

Propranolol

Answer

Methotrexate

Question 32

What genetic defect is the most prevalent cause of muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Dystrophin deficiency

Answer

Creatine kinase deficiency

Answer

Excessive protease enzyme activity

Answer

Acetylcholine receptor loss

Question 33

Which factor poses the greatest risk for developing muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Inherited genetic mutation

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Age exceeding 50

Answer

Excessive exercise

Question 34

Which type of muscle atrophy is the most common?

Accepted Answer

Disuse atrophy

Answer

Denervation atrophy

Answer

Senile atrophy

Answer

Endocrine atrophy

Question 35

What is the main function of satellite cells in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Muscle repair and regeneration

Answer

Muscle contraction

Answer

Energy storage

Answer

Hormone secretion

Question 36

What is the primary function of the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

Transmit nerve impulses to muscle fibers

Answer

Store neurotransmitters

Answer

Generate muscle contractions

Answer

Regulate muscle metabolism

Question 37

What is the primary cause of muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Genetic mutations

Answer

Autoimmune disorders

Answer

Trauma

Answer

Metabolic imbalances

Question 38

Which of the following is the most common symptom associated with myasthenia gravis?

Accepted Answer

Muscle weakness

Answer

Muscle pain

Answer

Muscle atrophy

Answer

Muscle spasms

Question 39

Which of the following is the preferred diagnostic method for fibromyalgia?

Accepted Answer

Physical examination

Answer

Muscle biopsy

Answer

Electromyography

Answer

Blood test

Question 40

What is the most prevalent type of muscle strain?

Accepted Answer

Grade I

Answer

Grade II

Answer

Grade III

Answer

Grade IV

Question 41

Which factor is most strongly associated with the development of tendinitis?

Accepted Answer

Overuse

Answer

Aging

Answer

Poor posture

Answer

Obesity

Question 42

What is the primary goal of RICE therapy for muscle injuries?

Accepted Answer

To reduce inflammation and pain

Answer

To improve muscle strength

Answer

To prevent muscle damage

Answer

To promote healing

Question 43

Which gene mutation is primarily responsible for Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

DYSTROPHIN

Answer

SMA1

Answer

FSHD

Answer

LMNA

Question 44

Identify the characteristic histological finding in inflammatory myopathies:

Accepted Answer

Infiltration of inflammatory cells

Answer

Atrophy of muscle fibers

Answer

Increased fibrosis

Answer

Presence of amyloid deposits

Question 45

For myositis, which medication is commonly used as an anti-inflammatory treatment?

Accepted Answer

Prednisone

Answer

Methotrexate

Answer

Azathioprine

Answer

Cyclosporine

Question 46

Which of the following is the most common cause of acquired muscle weakness in the elderly population?

Accepted Answer

Sarcopenia

Answer

Polymyositis

Answer

Myasthenia gravis

Answer

Inclusion body myositis

Question 47

What is the primary symptom of Duchenne muscular dystrophy?

Accepted Answer

Progressive muscle weakness

Answer

Joint pain

Answer

Muscle cramps

Answer

Fatigue

Question 48

Which type of muscle fiber is responsible for sustained, low-intensity contractions?

Accepted Answer

Type I

Answer

Type IIa

Answer

Type IIb

Answer

Type IIx

Question 49

What is the primary function of the neuromuscular junction?

Accepted Answer

To transmit electrical signals from motor neurons to muscle fibers

Answer

To regulate muscle contraction intensity

Answer

To provide nutritional support to muscle fibers

Answer

To maintain muscle tone