Cardiovascular Drugs: Online Quizzes for Nursing Students

Question 1

Which of the following antihypertensive drugs acts centrally?

Accepted Answer

Clonidine

Answer

Hydralazine

Answer

Propranolol

Answer

Verapamil

Question 2

The primary mechanism by which nitroglycerin relieves angina is through:

Accepted Answer

Dilating coronary arteries

Answer

Increasing myocardial contractility

Answer

Inhibiting platelet aggregation

Answer

Reducing preload

Question 3

Which of these beta-blockers is used in the treatment of heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Carvedilol

Answer

Atenolol

Answer

Metoprolol

Answer

Propranolol

Question 4

The main therapeutic use of ACE inhibitors is in the treatment of:

Accepted Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Angina

Answer

Heart failure

Answer

Arrhythmias

Question 5

Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action by which ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

They cause vasodilation by inhibiting the breakdown of bradykinin.

Answer

They decrease sympathetic outflow.

Answer

They inhibit renin release.

Answer

They reduce sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.

Question 6

Which of the following is the most common adverse effect of nitroglycerin, a medication used to treat angina pectoris?

Accepted Answer

Headache

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Hypotension

Answer

Arrhythmias

Question 7

Which of the following therapeutic effects is desired when beta-blockers are used to treat hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Reduced peripheral resistance

Answer

Increased cardiac output

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Enhanced contractility

Question 8

Which of the following is a potential benefit of angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in the management of heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Reduced afterload

Answer

Improved cardiac contractility

Answer

Increased heart rate

Answer

Diuretic effect

Question 9

Which characteristic is typically associated with drugs that are highly protein-bound?

Accepted Answer

Large volume of distribution

Answer

Short half-life

Answer

High clearance

Answer

Low bioavailability

Question 10

Which antihypertensive drug primarily inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system?

Accepted Answer

ACE inhibitors

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

Diuretics

Answer

Calcium channel blockers

Question 11

In a patient with a history of myocardial infarction, nitroglycerin is primarily prescribed to:

Accepted Answer

Relieve angina pain

Answer

Reduce blood pressure

Answer

Improve cardiac output

Answer

Prevent arrhythmias

Question 12

Which beta-blocker is commonly used in the management of heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Carvedilol

Answer

Atenolol

Answer

Propranolol

Answer

Metoprolol

Question 13

In atrial fibrillation, which antiarrhythmic drug may be prescribed to control the ventricular rate?

Accepted Answer

Digoxin

Answer

Amiodarone

Answer

Verapamil

Answer

Lidocaine

Question 14

Which factor does NOT influence the selection of a diuretic for heart failure management?

Accepted Answer

Patient's dietary habits

Answer

Patient's renal function

Answer

Severity of symptoms

Answer

Patient's age

Question 15

Which potential adverse effect is associated with angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs)?

Accepted Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Hypotension

Answer

Cough

Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Question 16

Which is the primary mechanism of action of aspirin in preventing stroke?

Accepted Answer

Inhibition of platelet aggregation

Answer

Reduction of blood viscosity

Answer

Vasodilation of cerebral blood vessels

Answer

Improvement of cardiac contractility

Question 17

Which is a contraindication to the use of ACE inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

History of angioedema

Answer

Renal insufficiency

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Heart failure

Question 18

Which calcium channel blocker is used to treat angina pectoris and hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Verapamil

Answer

Digoxin

Answer

Atenolol

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a primary mechanism of action for antihypertensive drugs?

Accepted Answer

Increased renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity

Answer

Vasodilation

Answer

Reduction in cardiac output

Answer

Diuresis

Question 20

Which type of angina is typically relieved by nitrates?

Accepted Answer

Vasospastic angina

Answer

Stable angina

Answer

Unstable angina

Answer

Microvascular angina

Question 21

Which of the following is a common adverse effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

Hyperkalemia

Answer

Hypotension

Answer

Arrhythmias

Answer

Hepatotoxicity

Question 22

What is the predominant mechanism of action of beta-blockers in heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Reduced heart rate and myocardial contractility

Answer

Increased myocardial contractility

Answer

Increased peripheral vascular resistance

Answer

Improved cardiac output

Question 23

Which class of antiarrhythmics is most commonly used to treat ventricular tachycardia?

Accepted Answer

Class I

Answer

Class II

Answer

Class III

Answer

Class IV

Question 24

What is the most common adverse effect of calcium channel blockers?

Accepted Answer

Headache

Answer

Hypotension

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Arrhythmias

Question 25

Which mechanism of action explains how an ACE inhibitor lowers blood pressure in a patient with hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

Answer

Inhibits sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule

Answer

Blocks alpha-1 receptors in the sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Activates muscarinic receptors in the heart

Question 26

Which of the following is the primary mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors?

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting angiotensin-converting enzyme

Answer

Blocking the sympathetic nervous system

Answer

Increasing angiotensin II levels

Answer

Stimulating renin release

Question 27

Which of the following adverse effects of vasodilators is mediated by nitric oxide?

Accepted Answer

Headache

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Hypoglycemia

Answer

Tachycardia

Question 28

Which class of antiarrhythmic drugs is primarily used to treat ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation?

Accepted Answer

Class I

Answer

Class II

Answer

Class III

Answer

Class IV

Question 29

The most commonly reported adverse effect of calcium channel blockers is:

Accepted Answer

Constipation

Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Tachycardia

Question 30

The primary goal of drug therapy for hypertension is to:

Accepted Answer

Lower blood pressure

Answer

Prevent stroke

Answer

Reduce myocardial infarction risk

Answer

Improve endothelial function

Question 31

Which of the following drugs is a positive inotropic agent?

Accepted Answer

Digoxin

Answer

Amiodarone

Answer

Propranolol

Answer

Verapamil

Question 32

Which of the following best describes the primary mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors in the treatment of hypertension?

Accepted Answer

Inhibiting the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

Answer

Blocking sodium reabsorption in the kidneys

Answer

Dilating blood vessels directly

Answer

Increasing cardiac output

Question 33

Which of the following adverse effects is most commonly associated with beta-blockers?

Accepted Answer

Bradycardia

Answer

Tachycardia

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Arrhythmias

Question 34

Which of the following antiplatelet agents is typically the first choice for patients with coronary artery disease who are at low risk of bleeding?

Accepted Answer

Aspirin

Answer

Warfarin

Answer

Heparin

Answer

Clopidogrel

Question 35

In patients with angina pectoris, what class of medication is typically recommended as the initial treatment?

Accepted Answer

Nitrates

Answer

Calcium channel blockers

Answer

Beta-blockers

Answer

Statins

Question 36

What is the primary mechanism of action of diuretics in the management of heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Reducing fluid retention by increasing urine output

Answer

Improving cardiac contractility directly

Answer

Dilating blood vessels to improve blood flow

Answer

Increasing oxygen supply to the heart muscle

Question 37

Which of the following potential adverse effects is most commonly associated with statin therapy?

Accepted Answer

Myopathy

Answer

Hypertension

Answer

Arrhythmias

Answer

Thrombocytopenia

Question 38

Explain the rationale for utilizing combination therapy in the treatment of hypertension, and provide examples of commonly employed drug combinations.

Accepted Answer

Combination therapy in hypertension aims to achieve optimal blood pressure control with reduced adverse effects.

Answer

Preventing drug interactions is the primary reason for combination therapy in hypertension.

Answer

Combination therapy is employed to reduce overall treatment costs in hypertension.

Answer

Simplifying medication regimens for patients is a key advantage of combination therapy in hypertension.

Question 39

Which of the following antihypertensive medications acts by blocking the influx of calcium ions through voltage-gated calcium channels?

Accepted Answer

Amlodipine

Answer

Losartan

Answer

Hydrochlorothiazide

Answer

Captopril

Question 40

A patient with angina pectoris is prescribed sublingual nitroglycerin. Which instruction regarding nitroglycerin administration should the nurse provide to the patient?

Accepted Answer

Place the tablet under your tongue and allow it to dissolve as needed for chest pain.

Answer

Take the tablet every 6 hours to prevent chest pain.

Answer

Take the tablet with food to reduce stomach upset.

Question 41

Which of the following beta-blocker medications is commonly used in the treatment of heart failure?

Accepted Answer

Carvedilol

Answer

Digoxin

Answer

Amiodarone

Answer

Warfarin

Question 42

A patient with atrial fibrillation is prescribed digoxin. Which laboratory value should be closely monitored to ensure the safe and effective use of digoxin?

Accepted Answer

Serum digoxin level

Answer

Blood pressure

Answer

Potassium

Answer

Creatinine

Question 43

Which of the following anticoagulant medications is administered subcutaneously?

Accepted Answer

Enoxaparin

Answer

Warfarin

Answer

Rivaroxaban

Answer

Heparin

Question 44

A patient with hyperlipidemia is prescribed a statin medication. Which of the following potential adverse effects should the nurse monitor for?

Accepted Answer

Myopathy

Answer

Hypotension

Answer

Bronchospasm

Question 45

A patient with heart failure has an ejection fraction of 25%. Which of the following medications is most likely to be included in their treatment plan?

Accepted Answer

Spironolactone

Answer

Amiodarone

Answer

Nitroglycerin

Answer

Metoprolol

Question 46

**Which of the following beta-blockers is used to treat both essential hypertension and angina pectoris?**

Accepted Answer

**Metoprolol**

Answer

**Nitroglycerin**

Answer

**Furosemide**

Answer

**Digoxin**

Question 47

**Which class of medications is primarily used to slow the heart rate and prevent arrhythmias?**

Accepted Answer

**Antiarrhythmics**

Answer

**Vasodilators**

Answer

**Anticoagulants**

Answer

**Diuretics**

Question 48

**In a patient experiencing acute myocardial infarction (heart attack), what is the main reason for administering nitroglycerin?**

Accepted Answer

**To dilate coronary arteries and enhance blood flow to the heart**

Answer

**To prevent blood clot formation**

Answer

**To lower blood pressure**

Question 49

**A patient is being considered for treatment with a calcium channel blocker. Which of the following conditions is a likely indication for this type of medication?**

Accepted Answer

**Hypertension**

Answer

**Heart failure**

Answer

**Atherosclerosis**

Answer

**Arrhythmia**

Question 50

**Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of diuretics?**

Accepted Answer

**Inhibition of sodium reabsorption in the kidneys**

Answer

**Inhibition of blood clotting**

Answer

**Vasodilation of blood vessels**

Answer

**Stimulation of heart rate**

Question 51

**Digoxin is prescribed for a patient with congestive heart failure. What is the main objective of using this medication?**

Accepted Answer

**To increase the force of myocardial contractions (heart muscle contractions)**

Answer

**To dilate blood vessels**

Answer

**To reduce blood pressure**

Answer

**To decrease heart rate**

Question 52

**Which of the following is considered an absolute contraindication for the use of warfarin (a blood thinner)?**

Accepted Answer

**Active bleeding**

Answer

**Angina**

Answer

**Diabetes**

Answer

**Hypertension**

Question 53

**Aspirin is commonly prescribed as part of a cardiovascular treatment plan. What is the main purpose of using aspirin in this context?**

Accepted Answer

**To prevent blood clots**

Answer

**To dilate blood vessels**

Answer

**To lower blood pressure**

Answer

**To increase heart rate**

Question 54

**When selecting a cardiovascular medication for a specific patient, which of the following factors should be carefully considered?**

Accepted Answer

**Patient's overall health and medical history**

Answer

**Drug cost alone**

Answer

**Drug name**

Answer

**Nurse's preference**