Energy Metabolism and Body Composition Quizzes - Nutrition for Nurses

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Fiber

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 2

During intense physical activities like sprinting or weightlifting, which energy system primarily provides the body with energy for immediate use?

Accepted Answer

Anaerobic glycolysis

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Question 3

Which of the following is a measure of body composition?

Accepted Answer

Body mass index (BMI)

Answer

Calorie intake

Answer

Heart rate

Answer

Blood pressure

Question 4

Which of the following is a potential consequence of excessive protein intake?

Accepted Answer

Kidney damage

Answer

Dehydration

Answer

Osteoporosis

Answer

Muscle atrophy

Question 5

What is the primary function of the respiratory quotient (RQ)?

Accepted Answer

To determine the efficiency of energy metabolism

Answer

To assess body composition

Answer

To diagnose metabolic disorders

Answer

To monitor fluid balance

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an indicator of malnutrition?

Accepted Answer

Obesity

Answer

Cachexia

Answer

Edema

Answer

Stunted growth

Question 7

The most prominent indicator of negative energy balance is:

Accepted Answer

Weight loss

Answer

Fatigue

Answer

Headaches

Answer

Increased appetite

Question 8

The primary role of dietary fiber is to:

Accepted Answer

Aid in digestion and absorption

Answer

Provide energy

Answer

Regulate blood sugar levels

Answer

Strengthen bones

Question 9

At rest, what is the primary source of energy for the body?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Ketones

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Protein

Question 10

Which of the following health risks is NOT associated with excessive body fat?

Accepted Answer

Improved cognitive function

Answer

Heart disease

Answer

Stroke

Answer

Type 2 diabetes

Question 11

Which of the following is the primary source of energy for the brain?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Ketone bodies

Answer

Amino acids

Question 12

Body mass index (BMI) is primarily used to assess:

Accepted Answer

Adiposity (body fatness)

Answer

Lean body mass

Answer

Total body water

Answer

Metabolic rate

Question 13

The caloric value of one gram of protein is:

Accepted Answer

4 kcal

Answer

7 kcal

Answer

9 kcal

Answer

12 kcal

Question 14

A diet high in fat can lead to increased production of:

Accepted Answer

Ketone bodies

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glycogen

Question 15

Which substance is NOT a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Minerals

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 16

The process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate is called:

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Glycogenolysis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Question 17

A calorie is best defined as:

Accepted Answer

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius

Answer

The amount of energy required to perform a specific task

Answer

The amount of energy stored in a food

Answer

The amount of energy used by the body at rest

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of chronic negative energy balance?

Accepted Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Muscle loss

Answer

Amenorrhea

Answer

Delayed wound healing

Question 19

The process by which the body converts excess glucose into fat is termed:

Accepted Answer

Lipogenesis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Glycogenolysis

Question 20

What is the primary role of carbohydrates in energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Providing a readily available energy source for the body

Answer

Storing energy for future use

Answer

Building and repairing tissues

Answer

Transporting nutrients and oxygen

Question 21

What is the primary energy source utilized by the brain for its functioning?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Ketones

Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

Amino acids

Question 22

Which macronutrient yields the highest energy content per unit weight?

Accepted Answer

Fats

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Minerals

Question 23

The metabolic process by which the body transforms food into usable energy is known as:

Accepted Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Enzymatic catalysis

Answer

Respiration

Question 24

Which hormone primarily stimulates the release of stored glucose and fatty acids?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Cortisol

Question 25

Calipers are commonly used in assessing:

Accepted Answer

Body composition

Answer

Caloric intake

Answer

Hydration levels

Answer

Muscle mass

Question 26

Which factor does NOT influence an individual's body composition?

Accepted Answer

Exposure to sunlight

Answer

Genetics

Answer

Gender

Answer

Physical activity

Question 27

Sustained excessive protein intake may lead to:

Accepted Answer

Kidney damage

Answer

Enhanced weight loss

Answer

Improved athletic performance

Answer

Reduced risk of bone fractures

Question 28

The primary storage form of carbohydrates in the body is:

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Cellulose

Answer

Starch

Answer

Insulin

Question 29

Which of the following is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Provision of energy

Answer

Storage of genetic information

Answer

Regulation of blood pressure

Answer

Synthesis of hormones

Question 30

The process by which the body converts glucose into a usable energy source is called:

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Answer

Proteolysis

Question 31

Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating the release of glucose from the liver?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Cortisol

Question 32

The calculation used to determine body mass index (BMI) involves:

Accepted Answer

Weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared

Answer

Weight in pounds divided by height in inches

Answer

Height in inches multiplied by weight in pounds

Answer

Weight in kilograms multiplied by height in meters

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of obesity?

Accepted Answer

Improved cardiovascular health

Answer

Increased body fat percentage

Answer

Increased risk of chronic diseases

Answer

Altered metabolism

Question 34

The energy expenditure associated with basal metabolic rate includes:

Accepted Answer

Thermoregulation

Answer

Digestion

Answer

Exercise

Answer

Food intake

Question 35

The process by which the body breaks down fats into fatty acids and glycerol is called:

Accepted Answer

Lipolysis

Answer

Proteolysis

Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 36

Which macronutrient provides the highest amount of energy per gram?

Accepted Answer

Fat (9 kcal/g)

Answer

Carbohydrates (4 kcal/g)

Answer

Protein (4 kcal/g)

Answer

Fiber (2 kcal/g)

Question 37

The process by which the body converts chemical energy into usable energy is called:

Accepted Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Citric acid cycle

Answer

Metabolism

Question 38

Which of the following is NOT a determinant of energy expenditure?

Accepted Answer

Sleep duration

Answer

Basal metabolic rate

Answer

Physical activity

Answer

Body composition

Question 39

The resting metabolic rate is primarily determined by:

Accepted Answer

Lean body mass

Answer

Body fat percentage

Answer

Age

Answer

Gender

Question 40

A positive energy balance over time can lead to:

Accepted Answer

Weight gain

Answer

Weight loss

Answer

No change in weight

Answer

Muscle loss

Question 41

The thermic effect of food refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Energy required to digest and metabolize food

Answer

Total energy content of food

Answer

Efficiency of food utilization

Answer

Rate of nutrient absorption

Question 42

Which of the following amino acids is considered essential?

Accepted Answer

Histidine

Answer

Alanine

Answer

Asparagine

Answer

Glycine

Question 43

What is the term for the process by which complex carbohydrates are broken down into simpler sugars in the body?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Proteolysis

Question 44

What is the term for the method used to measure body composition through electrical impedance?

Accepted Answer

Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)

Answer

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA)

Answer

Anthropometry

Answer

Skinfold calipers

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT classified as a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 46

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body's energy metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Provide immediate energy for the brain and nervous system

Answer

Build and repair body tissues

Answer

Transport oxygen throughout the body

Answer

Store energy for future use

Question 47

What is the healthy body mass index (BMI) range for most adults?

Accepted Answer

18.5-24.9

Answer

25-29.9

Answer

30-34.9

Answer

35-39.9

Question 48

Which hormone is primarily responsible for stimulating the breakdown of fat (lipolysis)?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Somatotropin

Question 49

What is the main metabolic pathway for energy production when oxygen is limited?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Krebs cycle

Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Question 50

Which of the following processes generates energy by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative phosphorylation

Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 51

The main form in which glucose is stored in the body is:

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Starch

Answer

Triglycerides

Answer

Proteins

Question 52

What is the primary function of insulin in the body?

Accepted Answer

Facilitating glucose uptake into cells

Answer

Promoting glycogen synthesis

Answer

Increasing lipolysis

Answer

Inhibiting protein synthesis

Question 53

What is the main role of triglycerides in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Storing energy

Answer

Forming structural components of cell membranes

Answer

Serving as precursors for hormones

Answer

Acting as neurotransmitters