Ethics in Healthcare: Essential Principles for Medical Professionals

Question 1

Which of the following are fundamental principles of medical ethics?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy, Non-maleficence, Justice, Beneficence

Answer

Confidentiality, Privacy, Truth-telling, Respect

Answer

Informed Consent, Shared Decision-Making, Cultural Sensitivity, Honesty

Answer

Professionalism, Integrity, Communication, Empathy

Question 2

Which of the following principles of medical ethics requires healthcare professionals to prioritize the well-being of their patients above all else?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 3

In medical ethics, which principle emphasizes the importance of respecting a patient's right to make their own healthcare decisions?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Confidentiality

Question 4

Which action best exemplifies the principle of non-maleficence in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Implementing measures to prevent falls in elderly patients

Answer

Prescribing a medication with side effects to alleviate pain

Answer

Withholding a diagnosis to safeguard patient privacy

Answer

Conducting research with potential risks for current participants but possible benefits for future patients

Question 5

Which scenario best illustrates a violation of patient autonomy in medical ethics?

Accepted Answer

A healthcare provider strongly advises a patient to undergo a specific medical procedure, even though the patient is hesitant.

Answer

A healthcare professional ensures that a patient understands the potential risks and benefits of a treatment before proceeding.

Answer

A medical team prioritizes a patient's comfort and well-being during a procedure.

Answer

A healthcare provider distributes medical resources equally among a group of patients based on their needs.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of medical ethics?

Accepted Answer

Fidelity

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 7

In healthcare, which ethical principle prioritizes honoring a patient's decisions and preferences?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 8

Which ethical principle requires healthcare professionals to act in the patient's best interests?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 9

Which ethical principle gives patients the right to make their own healthcare choices?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a core principle of medical ethics?

Accepted Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 11

Which ethical principle emphasizes the right of patients to make decisions about their own healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Efficiency

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Beneficence

Question 12

Which ethical principle stresses the importance of getting a patient's permission before giving medical treatment or doing medical procedures?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 13

Which of the following are fundamental principles of medical ethics according to Beauchamp and Childress?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Accepted Answer

Beneficence

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Confidentiality

Question 14

Which of the following are fundamental principles of medical ethics?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence: Acting in the best interest of the patient

Accepted Answer

Autonomy: Respecting the patient's right to make their own healthcare decisions

Accepted Answer

Justice: Ensuring fair distribution of healthcare resources

Answer

Honesty

Question 15

In medical practice, respecting a patient's right to make choices about their own healthcare is a key ethical principle. Which principle best describes this concept?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 16

In medical ethics, which principle prioritizes the patient's preferences and decisions?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental principle of medical ethics?

Accepted Answer

Reliability

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 18

Which ethical principle emphasizes the patient's right to make choices about their own medical care?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 19

According to the ethical principle of autonomy, patients have the right to:

Accepted Answer

Make decisions about their own healthcare

Answer

Demand that healthcare providers always follow their wishes

Answer

Receive medical treatment without giving their consent

Answer

Expect treatment that only aligns with their cultural beliefs

Question 20

Which ethical principle prioritizes respecting a patient's decisions and choices?

Accepted Answer

Patient Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 21

Which ethical principle in healthcare prioritizes respecting a patient's personal values and choices in their medical decisions?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 22

In medical ethics, which term refers to the respect for a patient's right to make choices about their own healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Confidentiality

Question 23

In healthcare, the principle of respect for persons means valuing and treating patients with dignity. Which scenario below best demonstrates this principle?

Accepted Answer

A doctor involves the patient in decision-making, respects their cultural beliefs, and provides clear information about their condition.

Answer

A nurse dismisses a patient's concerns as trivial.

Answer

A medical assistant performs a procedure without the patient's consent.

Answer

A doctor shares a patient's medical information with their family without their permission.

Question 24

Which ethical principle gives patients the power to choose their own medical treatments, even if those choices go against the advice of healthcare professionals?

Accepted Answer

Patient autonomy

Answer

Informed consent

Answer

Confidentiality

Question 25

In medical ethics, which principle highlights the patient's right to make choices about their own healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy: Patient's right to make informed decisions

Answer

Beneficence: Acting in the patient's best interests

Answer

Justice: Ensuring fair distribution of resources

Answer

Confidentiality: Protecting patient privacy

Question 26

Which ethical principle allows a patient to decline medical treatment?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 27

Which of the following is NOT one of the four core principles of medical ethics, as defined by Beauchamp and Childress?

Accepted Answer

Professionalism

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT one of the four fundamental ethical principles guiding medical practice, as outlined by Beauchamp and Childress?

Accepted Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 29

In medical ethics, autonomy refers to the patient's right to:

Accepted Answer

Make choices about their medical care, even if it goes against their provider's advice.

Answer

Give up all medical decision-making to their healthcare provider.

Answer

Let their cultural or religious beliefs guide their medical treatment.

Question 30

What is the core principle of respect for persons in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Respecting the dignity, worth, and autonomy of individuals, regardless of their health status or circumstances.

Answer

Maximizing patient benefits and minimizing harm through medical interventions.

Answer

Protecting patient privacy and confidentiality.

Question 31

In healthcare, what is the primary duty of a medical professional according to the ethical principle of non-maleficence?

Accepted Answer

Preventing harm, avoiding causing injury or distress, and minimizing risk to patients

Answer

Providing emotional support and comfort to patients

Answer

Ensuring patients receive the latest treatments, regardless of cost

Answer

Maintaining patient privacy and confidentiality

Question 32

Which of the following is an ethical consideration for healthcare professionals in maintaining a professional demeanor and fostering a positive patient experience?

Accepted Answer

Being respectful and compassionate towards patients

Answer

Prioritizing personal beliefs over patient needs

Answer

Engaging in gossip and personal conversations in front of patients

Answer

Prioritizing efficiency over patient satisfaction

Question 33

In healthcare, which scenario best demonstrates the ethical principle of justice?

Accepted Answer

Balancing the healthcare needs of individual patients with the overall well-being of the community

Answer

Respecting a patient's right to make decisions about their own medical care

Answer

Providing accurate information to patients about their medical condition and treatment options

Question 34

In healthcare ethics, the principle of beneficence requires healthcare professionals to:

Accepted Answer

Prioritize patient well-being and minimize potential harm.

Answer

Follow directives from a patient's family, even if they conflict with the patient's wishes.

Answer

Strictly follow medical protocols without considering individual patient circumstances.

Answer

Withhold treatment options from patients to avoid potential risks or discomfort.

Question 35

Which action would violate a patient's right to confidentiality?

Accepted Answer

Disclosing a patient's medical records to an external party without their consent

Accepted Answer

Leaving a patient's medical records unsecured in a public area

Answer

Discussing a patient's medical history with other healthcare providers involved in their care

Answer

Sharing a patient's diagnosis with their family members with their consent

Question 36

In healthcare, the principle of autonomy primarily protects which fundamental patient right?

Accepted Answer

To refuse medical treatments

Answer

To receive complete information about medical choices

Answer

To maintain privacy and confidentiality

Answer

To receive the best possible medical care

Question 37

In healthcare, the principle of beneficence emphasizes the duty to promote patient well-being. Which action would violate this principle?

Accepted Answer

Withholding information from a patient to avoid causing emotional distress.

Answer

Providing complete information about treatment risks and benefits, even if some are unlikely.

Question 38

In healthcare ethics, which action exemplifies professionalism and ethical conduct?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a respectful and positive demeanor, prioritizing patient needs, and adhering to ethical principles.

Answer

Prioritizing personal comfort over patient well-being and engaging in unprofessional behavior.

Answer

Using confidential patient information for personal gain or gossiping about colleagues, violating patient privacy and confidentiality.

Question 39

In healthcare, which scenario best reflects the principle of justice?

Accepted Answer

A government providing universal healthcare coverage

Answer

A hospital prioritizing treatment based on ability to pay

Answer

A doctor declining treatment due to personal beliefs

Question 40

A patient with a terminal illness asks you to keep their diagnosis a secret from their family. What should you do?

Accepted Answer

Respect the patient's wishes and keep the diagnosis confidential.

Answer

Tell the family about the diagnosis even if the patient doesn't want you to.

Answer

Talk to a group of medical experts or a lawyer before deciding what to do.

Question 41

When a patient provides informed consent for a medical procedure, which statement is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Consent can be withdrawn at any time.

Answer

Consent is valid even if the patient doesn't fully grasp the procedure's risks.

Answer

Consent is only valid if the patient is an adult.

Answer

Consent is only valid if it's in writing.

Question 42

A patient with a terminal illness asks for euthanasia. Based on the principle of autonomy, what should healthcare providers do?

Accepted Answer

Respect the patient's request but talk about other options, like palliative care.

Answer

Give the patient euthanasia as they asked.

Answer

Ignore the patient's request and only focus on keeping them alive.

Answer

Talk to the patient's family to find out what they want.

Question 43

In medical ethics, which principle emphasizes the patient's right to make choices about their own healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 44

When a patient shares personal medical details with a healthcare professional, what ethical principle requires the professional to keep the information private?

Accepted Answer

Confidentiality: Information is kept secret unless the patient explicitly allows its release.

Answer

Disclosure: Information can be shared with other healthcare providers involved in the patient's care, even without consent.

Answer

Documentation: Information should be recorded in the patient's medical record but can be verbally shared with family members.

Answer

Research: Information can be used for research if the patient's identity is concealed.

Question 45

Which ethical principle prioritizes the patient's right to make choices regarding their medical care?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 46

Which of the following is an example of when a healthcare provider might withhold information from a patient, according to the ethical principle of non-maleficence?

Accepted Answer

When the information could cause the patient significant emotional or psychological harm.

Answer

When the patient has specifically asked not to receive certain information.

Answer

When the information is confidential and could violate the patient's privacy.

Answer

When the patient is a minor and the information does not directly affect their treatment.

Question 47

In organ transplant prioritization, which ethical principle prioritizes treating everyone with equal respect and worth?

Accepted Answer

Justice

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 48

When a mentally competent patient declines a potentially life-saving treatment due to religious beliefs, what is the ethical responsibility of the healthcare professional?

Accepted Answer

Respect the patient's decision and work with them to find alternative options that align with their beliefs.

Answer

Inform the patient's family and ask for their consent to override the patient's decision.

Answer

Override the patient's decision and administer the treatment based on the healthcare professional's own ethical and medical judgment.

Answer

Consult with a religious leader to determine the patient's true beliefs.

Question 49

Which ethical principle in healthcare prioritizes the safeguarding of a patient's personal health information?

Accepted Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 50

In healthcare, which ethical principle prioritizes the protection of a patient's personal health information?

Accepted Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Question 51

A patient's right to refuse treatment is based on which ethical principle?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 52

Using a patient's medical records for research without their consent is an example of a breach of which ethical principle?

Accepted Answer

Confidentiality

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 53

A patient's right to make decisions about their healthcare is based on which ethical principle?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 54

A doctor's obligation to provide truthful information to a patient is based on which ethical principle?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Justice

Question 55

A patient's request to die peacefully at home is supported by which ethical principle?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 56

In healthcare, what is a primary ethical duty of professionals when treating patients from diverse cultural and religious backgrounds?

Accepted Answer

Respecting patients' religious beliefs while prioritizing medical advice based on scientific evidence.

Accepted Answer

Being aware of their own cultural biases and how they may affect patient care.

Answer

Assuming all patients share the same cultural values and beliefs.

Answer

Avoiding discussions about religious or cultural beliefs with patients.

Question 57

Which ethical concern is associated with using AI in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

AI algorithms may perpetuate biases, leading to unequal treatment in healthcare decisions.

Answer

Increased efficiency and accuracy in diagnosis and treatment.

Answer

Reduced cost of healthcare services.

Answer

Increased power of healthcare providers.

Question 58

Which ethical principle in healthcare places emphasis on respecting patients' rights to make decisions about their own medical care?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 59

What action constitutes a violation of patient confidentiality?

Accepted Answer

Disclosing patient records without their informed consent

Answer

Discussing a patient's medical information with colleagues directly involved in their treatment

Answer

Informing a patient's family about their condition in their absence

Answer

Documenting patient information in a secure and confidential manner

Question 60

When faced with an ethical dilemma, what is the appropriate initial step for a healthcare professional?

Accepted Answer

Apply ethical principles to analyze the situation

Answer

Make a decision based on personal beliefs

Answer

Consult with colleagues or an ethics committee

Answer

Ignore the ethical aspects of the situation

Question 61

Which principle guides healthcare professionals to prioritize the best interests of their patients?

Accepted Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 62

What is the ethical principle that ensures fair distribution of healthcare resources and equitable treatment of patients?

Accepted Answer

Justice

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Question 63

Which ethical principle prohibits healthcare professionals from intentionally causing harm to patients?

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 64

Which of the following actions by a healthcare professional is considered a breach of patient confidentiality?

Accepted Answer

Sharing patient medical records without their consent

Answer

Discussing patient information with other healthcare providers involved in the patient's care

Answer

Informing the patient's family about their condition even when the patient is not present

Answer

Documenting patient information in a manner that ensures privacy and confidentiality