Data Types and Structures: A Comprehensive Guide for Data Science

Question 1

Which data structure is best suited for storing a collection of unique elements that need to be efficiently accessed, searched, and modified?

Accepted Answer

Linked List

Answer

Array

Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Question 2

Which of the following is not a primitive data type in Python?

Accepted Answer

List (list)

Answer

Integer (int)

Answer

Floating-point number (float)

Answer

Boolean (bool)

Question 3

Which data structure is appropriate for storing a collection of values accessible by their index?

Accepted Answer

List

Answer

Tuple

Answer

Dictionary

Answer

Set

Question 4

Which data structure allows storage of key-value pairs?

Accepted Answer

Dictionary

Answer

List

Answer

Tuple

Answer

Set

Question 5

What is the distinction between a list and a tuple in Python?

Accepted Answer

Lists are mutable, while tuples are immutable.

Answer

Tuples are mutable, while lists are immutable.

Answer

Lists can contain any data type, while tuples can only contain primitive data types.

Answer

Tuples can contain any data type, while lists can only contain primitive data types.

Question 6

Which of the following is a valid set literal in Python?

Accepted Answer

{1, 2, 3}

Answer

{[1, 2, 3]}

Answer

{(1, 2, 3)}

Answer

{1: 2, 3: 4}

Question 7

What is the primary difference between a stack and a queue data structure?

Accepted Answer

Stacks follow Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) order, while queues follow First-In-First-Out (FIFO) order.

Answer

Queues follow Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) order, while stacks follow First-In-First-Out (FIFO) order.

Answer

Stacks can only store primitive data types, while queues can store any type of data.

Answer

Queues can only store primitive data types, while stacks can store any type of data.

Question 8

Which data type is used to represent categorical data in Python?

Accepted Answer

String (str)

Answer

Integer (int)

Answer

Floating-point number (float)

Answer

Boolean (bool)

Question 9

Which of the following is **not** a primitive data type in Python?

Accepted Answer

list

Answer

int

Answer

float

Answer

bool

Question 10

Which data structure is the best choice for storing a collection of unique values?

Accepted Answer

Set

Answer

List

Answer

Dictionary

Answer

Tuple

Question 11

What is the primary purpose of a function in Python?

Accepted Answer

To group related code together and perform a specific task

Answer

To store data in a structured way

Answer

To control the flow of execution in a program

Answer

To import libraries into a program

Question 12

What is the fundamental difference between supervised and unsupervised learning?

Accepted Answer

Supervised learning uses labeled data, while unsupervised learning uses unlabeled data

Answer

Supervised learning uses unlabeled data, while unsupervised learning uses labeled data

Answer

Supervised learning is used for classification tasks, while unsupervised learning is used for regression tasks

Answer

Supervised learning is used for regression tasks, while unsupervised learning is used for classification tasks

Question 13

Which data visualization technique is most commonly used to represent the distribution of data?

Accepted Answer

Histogram

Answer

Line chart

Answer

Scatter plot

Answer

Box plot

Question 14

For directly accessing elements based on their index, which data structure is most suitable?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Question 15

Identify the operation that is not supported by a stack data structure.

Accepted Answer

Add

Answer

Push

Answer

Pop

Answer

Peek

Question 16

In a breadth-first search algorithm, which data structure is typically employed for implementation?

Accepted Answer

Queue

Answer

Tree

Answer

Graph

Answer

Priority Queue

Question 17

For storing elements that must be accessed in the same order they were inserted, which data structure is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Queue

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a primitive data type in Python?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a complex data type?

Accepted Answer

Object

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 20

What is the purpose of type casting?

Accepted Answer

To convert a value from one data type to another

Answer

To check the data type of a variable

Answer

To create a new variable of a different data type

Answer

To delete a variable

Question 21

Which data structure is used to represent a hierarchical relationship between elements?

Accepted Answer

Tree

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked List

Answer

Queue

Question 22

In Python, which of these is a composite data type?

Accepted Answer

List

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Float

Question 23

Which data type is best suited to store a person's age?

Accepted Answer

Integer

Answer

Float

Answer

Boolean

Answer

String

Question 24

In Python, primitive data types are fundamental data elements that cannot be broken down further. Which of the following is a primitive data type in Python?

Accepted Answer

Integer

Answer

List

Answer

Tuple

Answer

Dictionary

Question 25

Which of the following is **not** a primitive data type in Java?

Accepted Answer

String

Answer

int

Answer

float

Answer

boolean

Question 26

Identify the composite data type:

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Integer

Answer

Boolean

Answer

Float

Question 27

In Python, which of these is NOT a primitive data type?

Accepted Answer

List

Answer

Integer

Answer

Boolean

Answer

String

Question 28

Which of the following options is NOT a primitive data type in Python?

Accepted Answer

List

Answer

Integer

Answer

String

Answer

Boolean

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a primitive data type in JavaScript?

Accepted Answer

Object

Answer

Number

Answer

Boolean

Answer

String

Question 30

Which data structure is most suitable for storing a collection of unique elements, without duplicates?

Accepted Answer

Set

Answer

Array

Answer

List

Answer

Map

Question 31

What is the fundamental difference in behavior between a stack and a queue data structure?

Accepted Answer

A stack follows the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle, while a queue follows the First-In-First-Out (FIFO) principle.

Answer

A stack is a linear data structure, while a queue is non-linear.

Question 32

Which of the following is a primary advantage of using a linked list over an array?

Accepted Answer

Linked lists are more efficient for inserting or deleting elements from the middle of the list.

Answer

Linked lists provide faster access to elements.

Answer

Linked lists are more compact than arrays.

Question 33

What is the primary purpose of a hash table data structure?

Accepted Answer

To provide fast lookup of key-value pairs.

Answer

To store a collection of unique elements.

Answer

To represent a graph data structure.

Answer

To implement a stack or queue data structure.

Question 34

What is the time complexity of searching for an element in a balanced binary search tree?

Accepted Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Answer

O(1)

Question 35

Which of the following data structures is commonly used to represent a graph?

Accepted Answer

Adjacency List

Answer

Hash Table

Answer

Binary Search Tree

Answer

Queue

Question 36

Which data type is suitable for storing a student's name, which can contain alphabetic characters, spaces, and possibly special characters?

Accepted Answer

String

Answer

Integer

Answer

Boolean

Question 37

Which data structure is appropriate for storing a list of elements that can only be accessed and removed in a First-In-First-Out (FIFO) manner?

Accepted Answer

Queue

Answer

Set

Answer

List

Answer

Dictionary

Question 38

Which data type is used to represent whole numbers, both positive and negative, without a decimal point?

Accepted Answer

Integer

Answer

Boolean

Answer

Float

Answer

String

Question 39

Which data structure supports the efficient addition and removal of elements from both ends, providing fast access to both the front and back of the structure?

Accepted Answer

Deque

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked List

Answer

Stack

Question 40

Which fundamental property of a data type defines the range of values it can represent?

Accepted Answer

Value Range

Answer

Data Manipulation Methods

Answer

Data Persistence

Answer

Memory Allocation

Question 41

Which data structure is most appropriate for storing a list of students' grades, where each grade is a numerical value and can be accessed or modified randomly?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Tree

Answer

Map

Answer

Queue

Question 42

Which data type is used to represent logical values, with two possible states: true or false?

Accepted Answer

Boolean

Answer

Integer

Answer

Float

Answer

String

Question 43

Which of the following is not typically considered a fundamental data type in most programming languages?

Accepted Answer

Date

Answer

Integer

Answer

Float

Answer

String

Question 44

Which data structure is designed to efficiently store key-value pairs, allowing for fast lookup, insertion, and removal of elements based on their keys?

Accepted Answer

HashMap

Answer

Stack

Answer

LinkedList

Answer

Queue

Question 45

Which data type is used to represent a whole number, without a decimal point?

Accepted Answer

Integer

Answer

Double

Answer

Float

Answer

Byte

Question 46

Which data structure directly accesses elements using an index?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Queue

Answer

Stack

Answer

Linked List

Question 47

Which property is NOT associated with a linked list?

Accepted Answer

Constant access time

Answer

Dynamic sizing

Answer

Node-based structure

Answer

Random access

Question 48

Which data structure is best suited for storing a collection of distinct elements?

Accepted Answer

Set

Answer

List

Answer

,Map

Answer

Queue

Question 49

Which data structure is most efficient for implementing a Last-In, First-Out (LIFO) behavior?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

Tree

Answer

LinkedList

Answer

Array

Question 50

What is a potential disadvantage of using a binary search tree?

Accepted Answer

Potential for unbalanced structure

Answer

Supports efficient range queries

Answer

Efficient insertion and deletion

Answer

Suitable for large datasets

Question 51

Which data type is used to represent a sequence of characters?

Accepted Answer

String

Answer

Float

Answer

Boolean

Answer

Integer

Question 52

Which data structure stores data in key-value pairs?

Accepted Answer

Map

Answer

Queue

Answer

Array

Answer

Stack

Question 53

Which characteristic describes a Queue data structure?

Accepted Answer

First-In, First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Last-In, First-Out (LIFO)

Answer

Dynamic resizing

Answer

Random access

Question 54

Which data structure represents hierarchical relationships effectively?

Accepted Answer

Tree

Answer

Linked List

Answer

Queue

Answer

Array