Page Replacement Algorithms: Master Memory Management in Operating Systems

Question 1

Which page replacement algorithm can predict the next page to be referenced?

Accepted Answer

Optimal Replacement

Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First In First Out (FIFO)

Answer

Random Replacement

Question 2

Which page replacement algorithm replaces the page that was used least recently?

Accepted Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First In, First Out (FIFO)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Clock

Question 3

Which page replacement algorithm is easy to implement and ensures that no page is replaced more than once?

Accepted Answer

First In, First Out (FIFO)

Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Clock

Question 4

Which page replacement algorithm uses a circular queue to track page usage?

Accepted Answer

Clock

Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First In, First Out (FIFO)

Answer

Optimal

Question 5

Which page replacement algorithm is commonly used in real-world operating systems due to its effectiveness?

Accepted Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First In, First Out (FIFO)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Clock

Question 6

Which of the following does NOT influence the performance of a page replacement algorithm?

Accepted Answer

CPU clock speed

Answer

Reference string

Answer

Page frame size

Answer

Memory access time

Question 7

Which page replacement algorithm is most suitable for systems with limited page frames?

Accepted Answer

First In, First Out (FIFO)

Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Clock

Question 8

Which page replacement algorithm approximates the optimal replacement policy by tracking the recent usage history of pages?

Accepted Answer

LRU

Answer

FIFO

Answer

Optimal

Question 9

Which page replacement algorithm prioritizes pages that have been accessed recently?

Accepted Answer

LRU

Answer

FIFO

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Random

Question 10

Which page replacement algorithm is optimal but not used in practice because it requires knowledge of future page references?

Accepted Answer

Optimal

Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First In First Out (FIFO)

Answer

Clock

Question 11

According to the LRU algorithm, which page should be replaced when a page fault occurs?

Accepted Answer

The page that has been least recently referenced.

Answer

The page that is currently being executed.

Answer

The page that has the oldest timestamp.

Answer

The page that is the largest in size.

Question 12

Which page replacement algorithm is commonly used in embedded systems due to its simplicity and low overhead?

Accepted Answer

FIFO

Answer

LRU

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Clock

Question 13

What is the primary objective of page replacement algorithms in operating systems?

Accepted Answer

Minimize page faults

Answer

Maximize memory utilization

Answer

Reduce CPU overhead

Answer

Enhance user experience

Question 14

How does the working set model influence the efficiency of page replacement algorithms?

Accepted Answer

It defines a set of frequently used pages that should be prioritized in memory.

Answer

It eliminates the need for page replacement algorithms.

Answer

It significantly increases the complexity of page replacement.

Answer

It applies only to LRU-based algorithms.

Question 15

Which page replacement algorithm is specifically designed for multiprogramming environments?

Accepted Answer

Not Recently Used (NRU)

Answer

LRU

Answer

FIFO

Answer

Clock

Question 16

What is a major limitation of the FIFO page replacement algorithm?

Accepted Answer

High risk of thrashing

Answer

Complex implementation

Answer

Inefficient handling of multiple page faults

Answer

Excessive memory requirements

Question 17

How does the Clock page replacement algorithm enhance the FIFO algorithm?

Accepted Answer

It dynamically adjusts the replacement pointer based on page access patterns.

Answer

It incorporates a reference bit to track recently used pages.

Answer

It uses a random selection mechanism to choose pages for replacement.

Answer

It prioritizes I/O-bound pages for replacement.

Question 18

When selecting a page replacement algorithm for an operating system, what is the primary consideration?

Accepted Answer

Optimizing system performance and resource utilization

Answer

Simplifying implementation and maintenance

Answer

Adhering to specific hardware requirements

Answer

Conforming to industry standards

Question 19

In multiprogramming systems, where multiple processes simultaneously access shared memory, what is a primary challenge faced when implementing page replacement algorithms?

Accepted Answer

Increased page faults due to concurrent access to different memory locations by multiple processes.

Answer

Reduced system performance caused by frequent process switching.

Answer

Elimination of the need for page replacement algorithms.

Answer

Enhanced cache hit ratio resulting from increased memory utilization.

Question 20

Which page replacement algorithm replaces the page that has not been used for the longest duration?

Accepted Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First-In First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Random

Question 21

Which page replacement algorithm is theoretically the most effective, minimizing page faults?

Accepted Answer

Optimal

Answer

LRU

Answer

FIFO

Answer

Random

Question 22

Which page replacement algorithm employs a cost function to determine the page to be replaced?

Accepted Answer

Working Set

Answer

LRU

Answer

FIFO

Answer

Clock

Question 23

Which page replacement algorithm utilizes a circular queue to track page references?

Accepted Answer

Clock

Answer

LRU

Answer

FIFO

Answer

NRU

Question 24

Which benefit is commonly associated with the LRU page replacement algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Effective performance for diverse workloads

Answer

Simplicity in implementation

Answer

Robustness in handling bursty workloads

Answer

Proven lowest page fault rate

Question 25

Which page replacement algorithm is well-suited for systems with a large working set?

Accepted Answer

Working Set

Answer

LRU

Answer

FIFO

Answer

Optimal

Question 26

Which factor does not influence the performance of page replacement algorithms?

Accepted Answer

CPU speed

Answer

Page fault rate

Answer

Memory capacity

Answer

Workload characteristics

Question 27

Which page replacement algorithm selects the page that has been used most recently for replacement?

Accepted Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First In First Out (FIFO)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Clock

Question 28

Which page replacement algorithm is known to have the optimal page fault rate under all circumstances?

Accepted Answer

Optimal

Answer

LRU

Answer

FIFO

Answer

CLOCK

Question 29

What is the key difference between the LRU and CLOCK page replacement algorithms?

Accepted Answer

LRU tracks usage history, while CLOCK keeps track of access time.

Answer

LRU uses a stack, while CLOCK uses a queue.

Answer

LRU is more efficient, while CLOCK is simpler to implement.

Answer

LRU is suitable for multiprogramming environments, while CLOCK is better suited for single-user systems.

Question 30

Which page replacement algorithm is based on the assumption that the future behavior of a program is similar to its past behavior?

Accepted Answer

LRU

Answer

FIFO

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Clock

Question 31

What is the advantage of using a hardware-based page replacement algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Increased speed

Answer

Improved accuracy

Answer

Increased flexibility

Answer

Enhanced security

Question 32

What makes the Optimal Page Replacement (OPT) algorithm unique in handling page faults?

Accepted Answer

OPT uses future page request knowledge to predict which pages will be needed.

Answer

OPT uses a time-based strategy, similar to LRU.

Answer

OPT prioritizes keeping recently used pages, like LRU.

Answer

OPT always replaces the least recently used page.

Question 33

How does the working set model enhance the efficiency of the LRU page replacement algorithm?

Accepted Answer

By prioritizing pages likely to be accessed soon, the working set model optimizes LRU's page selection.

Answer

The working set model allows LRU to monitor all previously accessed pages, regardless of their relevance.

Answer

The working set model has no impact on LRU's effectiveness as a page replacement algorithm.

Answer

The working set model increases memory overhead by requiring LRU to maintain an additional page table.

Question 34

Define thrashing in the context of page replacement algorithms and explain how it can be prevented.

Accepted Answer

A state where the system spends excessive time swapping data between memory and storage, hindering user processes.

Answer

A technique to enhance page replacement algorithms by minimizing page faults.

Answer

A situation where the system allocates more memory to processes than physically available.

Question 35

Which page replacement algorithm replaces the page that has not been used for the longest period of time?

Accepted Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First-In, First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Clock

Question 36

Which page replacement algorithm always selects the page that was brought into memory first to be replaced?

Accepted Answer

First-In, First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Question 37

Which page replacement algorithm uses knowledge of future page references to make optimal replacement decisions?

Accepted Answer

Optimal Page Replacement

Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First-In, First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Clock

Question 38

Which page replacement algorithm uses a circular queue to track page usage history?

Accepted Answer

Clock Algorithm

Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Answer

First-In, First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Optimal Page Replacement

Question 39

Which page replacement algorithm is often preferred for systems with a large number of concurrent processes?

Accepted Answer

Clock Algorithm

Answer

Optimal Page Replacement

Answer

First-In, First-Out (FIFO)

Answer

Least Recently Used (LRU)

Question 40

Which page replacement algorithm follows the 'first in, first out' (FIFO) principle?

Accepted Answer

FIFO

Answer

Clock

Answer

LRU

Answer

Optimal

Question 41

Which page replacement algorithm replaces the page that hasn't been accessed for the longest duration?

Accepted Answer

LRU

Answer

Optimal

Answer

FIFO

Answer

Clock

Question 42

Which page replacement algorithm has the potential to achieve the highest hit rate, given future references?

Accepted Answer

Optimal

Answer

FIFO

Answer

Clock

Answer

LRU

Question 43

Which page replacement algorithm utilizes a circular buffer to track page usage?

Accepted Answer

Clock

Answer

LRU

Answer

Optimal

Answer

FIFO

Question 44

What is a key disadvantage of the LRU page replacement algorithm?

Accepted Answer

It may suffer from 'Belady's anomaly'

Answer

It's unsuitable for multi-programming systems

Answer

It's overly complex to implement

Answer

It necessitates a large amount of memory

Question 45

What is a primary benefit of using a page replacement algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced system performance due to reduced page faults

Answer

Increased number of concurrently running processes

Answer

Decreased memory usage

Question 46

Explain the distinction between a hard and soft page fault.

Accepted Answer

A hard page fault necessitates loading the page from disk, while a soft page fault does not

Answer

A hard page fault stems from hardware errors, unlike a soft page fault

Question 47

What advantage does a virtual memory system offer?

Accepted Answer

It enables processes to utilize more memory than physically available

Answer

It minimizes the occurrence of page faults

Answer

It eliminates the need for page replacement algorithms

Question 48

Which page replacement algorithm replaces the page that has been accessed least recently?

Accepted Answer

LRU (Least Recently Used)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

FIFO (First In First Out)

Answer

Clock

Question 49

Which page replacement algorithm replaces the page that has been in memory for the longest duration?

Accepted Answer

FIFO (First In First Out)

Answer

LRU (Least Recently Used)

Answer

Clock

Answer

Optimal

Question 50

Which page replacement algorithm predicts future page references and uses this information to make replacement decisions?

Accepted Answer

Optimal

Answer

LRU (Least Recently Used)

Answer

FIFO (First In First Out)

Answer

Clock

Question 51

Which page replacement algorithm uses a circular queue, known as a clock hand, to track page usage and make replacement decisions?

Accepted Answer

Clock

Answer

LRU (Least Recently Used)

Answer

FIFO (First In First Out)

Answer

Optimal

Question 52

Which of the following factors does NOT influence the choice of page replacement algorithm for a system?

Accepted Answer

User preferences

Answer

Page size

Answer

Memory size

Answer

System workload

Question 53

Which page replacement algorithm maintains a history of recently used pages and replaces the page that has not been used for the longest period?

Accepted Answer

LRU (Least Recently Used)

Answer

FIFO (First In First Out)

Answer

Random

Answer

Clock

Question 54

Which page replacement algorithm replaces pages in the order they were brought into memory, making the oldest page the next to be replaced?

Accepted Answer

FIFO (First In First Out)

Answer

Optimal

Answer

Clock

Answer

LRU (Least Recently Used)

Question 55

Which page replacement algorithm is considered optimal but impractical to implement due to its requirement to know the future?

Accepted Answer

Optimal

Answer

FIFO (First In First Out)

Answer

Clock

Answer

LRU (Least Recently Used)