Diagnostic Tests and Procedures in Pediatric Nursing: Interactive Learning Quizzes

Question 1

Which blood test is specifically designed to assess liver function?

Accepted Answer

Liver function panel (LFT)

Answer

Complete blood count (CBC)

Answer

Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)

Answer

Thyroid function panel (TFP)

Question 2

For visualizing bones and fractures, which imaging study is most commonly employed?

Accepted Answer

X-ray

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan

Answer

Ultrasound

Question 3

Before conducting a biopsy, which step is of utmost importance?

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent from the patient or their legal guardian

Answer

Preparing the patient for the procedure

Answer

Administering anesthesia to the biopsy site

Answer

Selecting the appropriate biopsy needle

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a potential complication associated with a lumbar puncture?

Accepted Answer

Allergic reaction

Answer

Infection

Answer

Headache

Answer

Bleeding

Question 5

When performing a venipuncture on an infant, which site is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Dorsal hand

Answer

Antecubital fossa

Answer

Great saphenous vein

Answer

Femoral vein

Question 6

When preparing a child for a diagnostic procedure, which approach is inappropriate?

Accepted Answer

Providing false reassurance

Answer

Talking to the child about the procedure in simple terms

Answer

Using play or storytelling to explain the process

Answer

Showing the child pictures or videos of the equipment

Question 7

In pediatric imaging studies, which principle is crucial for radiation protection?

Accepted Answer

Using the lowest radiation dose without compromising diagnosis

Answer

Prioritizing image quality over radiation safety

Answer

Using lead shielding for all patients during imaging

Answer

Increasing the number of exposures for better images

Question 8

Which blood chemistry panel is used to evaluate most commonly ordered electrolytes, glucose, calcium, and kidney function?

Accepted Answer

Basic metabolic panel (BMP)

Answer

Complete blood count (CBC)

Answer

Lipid panel

Answer

Liver function panel (LFT)

Question 9

Which imaging study can show real-time images of a child's heart, blood flow, and heart valves?

Accepted Answer

Echocardiogram

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 10

Which type of biopsy involves removing a small, circular piece of skin for examination?

Accepted Answer

Punch biopsy

Answer

Needle biopsy

Answer

Shave biopsy

Answer

Excisional biopsy

Question 11

What is the main reason for performing a lumbar puncture in children?

Accepted Answer

To collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for analysis

Answer

To administer medications into the spinal canal

Answer

To relieve pressure on the brain

Answer

To diagnose brain tumors

Question 12

What is the primary role of the nurse during an ultrasound examination of a child?

Accepted Answer

Preparing the child and family

Answer

Interpreting the ultrasound images

Answer

Providing sedation to the child

Answer

Operating the ultrasound equipment

Question 13

What is the main purpose of a urinalysis in children?

Accepted Answer

To rule out urinary tract infections

Answer

To evaluate kidney function

Answer

To detect metabolic disorders

Answer

To assess hydration status

Question 14

What is the most important step in preparing a patient for a bone marrow aspiration?

Accepted Answer

Explaining the procedure and obtaining consent

Answer

Shaving the aspiration site

Answer

Administering antibiotics

Answer

Starting an IV

Question 15

To effectively reduce a child's anxiety before an invasive diagnostic procedure, which nursing intervention is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Providing a clear and age-appropriate explanation of the procedure

Answer

Administering a sedative to the child

Answer

Restraining the child to minimize movement during the procedure

Answer

Ignoring the child's concerns and proceeding with the procedure

Question 16

Which of the following is a primary indication for a blood culture in pediatric patients?

Accepted Answer

Suspected sepsis

Answer

Urinary tract infection

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Viral gastroenteritis

Question 17

What is the primary role of a PICC (peripherally inserted central catheter) line in pediatric patients?

Accepted Answer

Long-term intravenous fluid and medication administration

Answer

Arterial blood pressure monitoring

Answer

Venipuncture

Answer

Blood transfusion

Question 18

What is the most common cause of hypernatremia in infants?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration

Answer

Excessive water intake

Answer

Renal failure

Answer

Hyponatremia

Question 19

What is the purpose of obtaining a nasopharyngeal (NP) swab in suspected cases of respiratory infection?

Accepted Answer

To identify the causative microorganism

Answer

To assess the extent of inflammation

Answer

To monitor treatment response

Answer

To rule out allergic rhinitis

Question 20

What is the primary indication for a liver biopsy in pediatric patients?

Accepted Answer

Suspected liver disease or dysfunction

Answer

To diagnose cancer

Answer

To monitor treatment response

Answer

To screen for genetic disorders

Question 21

In pediatric imaging, which principle is crucial for radiation protection?

Accepted Answer

Minimizing exams and exploring alternative imaging options when feasible

Answer

Employing higher radiation doses for enhanced image quality

Answer

Requiring lead aprons for all children during radiation studies

Question 22

In evidence-based pediatric nursing, which principle should guide the selection of diagnostic tests?

Accepted Answer

Alignment with research and best practices

Answer

Availability and ease of performance

Answer

Patient symptoms and medical history alone

Answer

Cost-effectiveness and affordability

Question 23

Which laboratory test is used to evaluate kidney function in pediatric patients?

Accepted Answer

Basic metabolic panel (BMP)

Answer

Complete blood count (CBC)

Answer

Liver function tests (LFTs)

Answer

Urinalysis

Question 24

What is the primary use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in pediatric patients?

Accepted Answer

To visualize soft tissues and organs

Answer

To assess blood flow in the brain

Answer

To detect fractures in bones

Answer

To evaluate the heart's function

Question 25

What is the recommended technique to collect a urine specimen from a male infant?

Accepted Answer

Applying a sterile urine bag directly over the penis

Answer

Gently squeezing the penis to obtain a midstream urine sample

Answer

Absorbing urine from the diaper using a cotton ball

Answer

Performing catheterization to collect the urine sample

Question 26

Which blood test is commonly used to assess liver function in children?

Accepted Answer

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)

Answer

Complete blood count (CBC)

Answer

Comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP)

Answer

Troponin

Question 27

Which imaging study is most useful for evaluating suspected hip dysplasia in infants?

Accepted Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

X-ray

Question 28

When interpreting a chest X-ray in a pediatric patient, what finding suggests pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

Consolidation

Answer

Atelectasis

Answer

Pneumothorax

Answer

Pleural effusion

Question 29

When obtaining a urine sample from a young child, which collection method is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Bag collection

Answer

Clean-catch

Answer

Catheterization

Answer

Suprapubic aspiration

Question 30

What is the main purpose of a skin biopsy?

Accepted Answer

To diagnose skin conditions accurately

Answer

To evaluate a wound's healing progress

Answer

To remove lesions that may be cancerous

Answer

To obtain a tissue sample for genetic testing

Question 31

During a neurological examination of a newborn, which reflex is typically not present?

Accepted Answer

Babinski reflex (present in newborns and disappears by 2 years of age)

Answer

Moro reflex

Answer

Grasp reflex

Answer

Palmar reflex

Question 32

When preparing a pediatric patient for an ultrasound examination, which of the following is essential?

Accepted Answer

Explaining the procedure to the child and parent

Accepted Answer

Obtaining informed consent from the child's parent or guardian

Answer

Administering a sedative to the child before the examination

Answer

Restraining the child during the examination

Question 33

Which imaging technique is most commonly used to visualize the heart and chest structures in children?

Accepted Answer

Ultrasound (echocardiography is commonly used for heart assessment in children)

Answer

X-ray

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 34

What is the primary reason for performing a biopsy in pediatric nursing?

Accepted Answer

To obtain a tissue sample for microscopic examination

Answer

To drain fluid from a cyst or abscess

Answer

To remove a foreign object

Answer

To administer medications directly to the target area

Question 35

To reduce anxiety in a child facing a painful diagnostic procedure, which nursing intervention is most effective?

Accepted Answer

Providing clear, age-appropriate information about the procedure and answering the child's questions

Answer

Administering pain medication as prescribed

Answer

Diverting the child's attention with toys or games

Question 36

In pediatric patients, which of the following is a primary reason for performing a lumbar puncture?

Accepted Answer

Suspected meningitis

Answer

Headache of unknown origin

Answer

Lower back pain

Answer

Persistent vomiting

Question 37

Which of the following blood gas analysis values is a key indicator of acidosis?

Accepted Answer

A pH of less than 7.35

Answer

A SaO2 of less than 95%

Answer

A bicarbonate level of more than 30 mEq/L

Answer

A PaCO2 of less than 40 mmHg

Question 38

For a chest X-ray, which projection provides the best visualization of the heart and mediastinum?

Accepted Answer

Posterior-anterior (PA) projection

Answer

Lateral projection

Answer

Fluoroscopic projection

Answer

Oblique projection

Question 39

When performing a lumbar puncture, at what stage should the stylet be removed?

Accepted Answer

After the needle has entered the subarachnoid space

Answer

After the needle has advanced halfway through the skin

Answer

Before the needle has entered the skin

Question 40

Which of the following is a contraindication for a bone marrow biopsy?

Accepted Answer

Severe thrombocytopenia

Answer

Recent fever

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Parental refusal

Question 41

On an electrocardiogram (ECG), the P wave corresponds to:

Accepted Answer

Atrial depolarization

Answer

Ventricular repolarization

Answer

Atrial repolarization

Answer

Ventricular depolarization

Question 42

When using a non-contrast MRI for pediatric imaging, what is a primary benefit?

Accepted Answer

Elimination of allergic reaction risk

Answer

Lower cost

Answer

Superior image quality

Question 43

To obtain a urine sample from an infant via suprapubic aspiration, the bladder should be palpated:

Accepted Answer

Above the symphysis pubis

Answer

At the level of the umbilicus

Answer

On either side of the abdomen

Answer

Below the umbilicus

Question 44

A common complication associated with a liver biopsy is:

Accepted Answer

Bleeding

Answer

Pneumothorax

Answer

Infection

Answer

Stroke

Question 45

When performing a bone scan, the radioisotope is typically administered:

Accepted Answer

Intravenously

Answer

Subcutaneously

Answer

Orally

Question 46

Which of the following is NOT an indication for ordering a blood culture in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Suspected urinary tract infection

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Fever of unknown origin

Answer

Meningitis

Question 47

Which imaging study is most suitable for evaluating a suspected appendicitis in a child?

Accepted Answer

Abdominal ultrasound

Answer

Computed tomography (CT) scan

Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 48

Which laboratory test is primarily used to assess liver function in pediatric patients?

Accepted Answer

Liver function tests (LFTs)

Answer

Complete blood count (CBC)

Answer

C-reactive protein (CRP)

Answer

Electrolytes

Question 49

What is the preferred method of obtaining a blood sample from a newborn?

Accepted Answer

Heel stick

Answer

Radial artery

Answer

Antecubital vein

Answer

Femoral vein

Question 50

Which of the following is a potential contraindication for a bone marrow aspiration in a pediatric patient?

Accepted Answer

Bleeding disorder

Answer

Recent vaccination

Answer

Parental refusal

Answer

Suspected leukemia

Question 51

What is the primary objective of performing a nasopharyngeal swab in a child with suspected influenza?

Accepted Answer

To obtain a sample for viral testing

Answer

To assess upper airway anatomy

Answer

To administer medication

Answer

To remove secretions

Question 52

Which imaging modality provides the most comprehensive evaluation of the pediatric chest, including the heart, lungs, and mediastinum?

Accepted Answer

Chest X-ray

Answer

Pulmonary function test (PFT)

Answer

Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Answer

Echocardiogram

Question 53

What is the most common adverse effect associated with a lumbar puncture in children?

Accepted Answer

Headache

Answer

Nausea

Answer

Infection

Answer

Bleeding

Question 54

Which of the following is an indication for ordering an upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy in a child?

Accepted Answer

Persistent abdominal pain

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Vomiting

Answer

Diarrhea