Language and Communication: A Comprehensive Guide for Psychology Students

Question 1

During the 'phonemic awareness' stage of language development, children can:

Accepted Answer

Identify and manipulate individual sounds within words

Answer

Produce complex sentences with correct grammar

Answer

Understand abstract concepts and vocabulary

Answer

Read and write fluently

Question 2

How does language influence our social and cultural identities?

Accepted Answer

Language carries cultural values and traditions.

Answer

Language has no impact on cultural norms.

Answer

Language is only for speaking and listening.

Answer

Language is simply a result of culture.

Question 3

Which fundamental component is not a part of language structure?

Accepted Answer

Biology

Answer

Phonology

Answer

Syntax

Answer

Semantics

Question 4

According to Noam Chomsky's theory, what innate ability allows humans to acquire language?

Accepted Answer

Language acquisition device

Answer

Universal grammar

Answer

Critical period for language

Answer

Speech production system

Question 5

Which characteristic is typical of language development in infancy?

Accepted Answer

Initial babbling before spoken words

Answer

Rapid vocabulary acquisition

Answer

Complex sentence constructions

Answer

Complete mastery of grammar

Question 6

Which term describes a language disorder that affects the ability to comprehend and produce spoken language?

Accepted Answer

Aphasia

Answer

Dyslexia

Answer

Apraxia

Answer

Autism spectrum disorder

Question 7

Which type of aphasia is characterized by difficulty retrieving words?

Accepted Answer

Anomic aphasia

Answer

Broca's aphasia

Answer

Wernicke's aphasia

Answer

Conduction aphasia

Question 8

Identify the fundamental building blocks of language structure.

Accepted Answer

Phonemes and morphemes

Answer

Morphemes

Question 9

What is the primary function of the semantic network model in memory?

Accepted Answer

Representing the interconnectedness of concepts

Answer

To explain how long-term memories are stored and retrieved

Question 10

What is pragmatics' primary role in language?

Accepted Answer

Exploring the social and contextual aspects of language use

Answer

To explore the social and contextual aspects of language use

Question 11

Which key skills are crucial for language comprehension?

Accepted Answer

Inferencing, schema activation, and anaphora resolution

Answer

Schema activation

Question 12

Identify the predominant theoretical perspective in contemporary psycholinguistics.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology

Question 13

What is the Broca's area's primary function?

Accepted Answer

Speech production

Answer

Language comprehension

Question 14

Which theory proposes that language is a distinct cognitive module?

Accepted Answer

Modularity hypothesis

Answer

Gestalt theory

Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Connectionism

Question 15

Which type of communication involves body language, facial expressions, and sign language?

Accepted Answer

Non-verbal communication

Answer

Verbal communication

Answer

Written communication

Answer

Digital communication

Question 16

What is the study of the evolution of language called?

Accepted Answer

Paleolinguistics

Answer

Neurolinguistics

Answer

Psycholinguistics

Answer

Computational linguistics

Question 17

Which component of language is responsible for conveying the meaning of words?

Accepted Answer

Semantics

Answer

Syntax

Answer

Pragmatics

Answer

Phonology

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT considered a type of language disorder?

Accepted Answer

Anxiety disorder

Answer

Aphasia

Answer

Dyslexia

Answer

Autism spectrum disorder

Question 19

What is the nature of the relationship between language and thought?

Accepted Answer

Language and thought are closely interconnected and influence each other.

Answer

Language and thought are completely separate and independent.

Answer

Language is merely a reflection of thought.

Answer

Language is primarily used to communicate with others, not to think.

Question 20

The theory that proposes that language acquisition is primarily influenced by experience and learning is called:

Accepted Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Nativism

Answer

Cognitivism

Answer

Social Learning Theory

Question 21

Which of the following is a disorder that affects the ability to comprehend and produce written language?

Accepted Answer

Dyslexia

Answer

Aphasia

Answer

Agnosia

Answer

Apraxia

Question 22

The smallest unit of sound that distinguishes one word from another is called a:

Accepted Answer

Phoneme

Answer

Morpheme

Answer

Lexeme

Answer

Sentence

Question 23

Which of the following is a characteristic of transformational grammar?

Accepted Answer

It posits that sentences have a deep structure and a surface structure.

Answer

It is based on the belief that language is innate.

Answer

It is a descriptive approach to language.

Answer

It focuses on the sounds of language.

Question 24

The theory that suggests that language and thought are closely intertwined is called:

Accepted Answer

The Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Answer

The Chomsky Hypothesis

Answer

The Skinner Hypothesis

Answer

The Piaget Hypothesis

Question 25

The part of the brain that is involved in the production of speech is called:

Accepted Answer

Broca's area

Answer

Wernicke's area

Answer

Angular gyrus

Answer

Hippocampus

Question 26

Which of the following is defined as the smallest distinctive unit of speech that can distinguish one word from another in a language?

Accepted Answer

Phoneme

Answer

Morpheme

Answer

Word

Answer

Sentence

Question 27

What is the term for the natural process by which infants and young children acquire their native language?

Accepted Answer

Language acquisition

Answer

Language learning

Answer

Linguistic development

Answer

Verbal fluency

Question 28

Which of the following is a key characteristic of a generative grammar?

Accepted Answer

It allows for the generation of a limitless number of grammatically correct sentences.

Answer

It relies on a set of predefined rules to generate sentences.

Answer

It accurately reflects the actual usage of a language in all its complexities.

Answer

It requires the use of computational algorithms to generate sentences.

Question 29

Which term describes a language disorder that primarily affects the ability to produce speech sounds?

Accepted Answer

Apraxia

Answer

Aphasia

Answer

Dyslexia

Answer

Dysgraphia

Question 30

What is the term for the mental representation of a word's meaning, encompassing its core semantic features?

Accepted Answer

Concept

Answer

Schema

Answer

Prototype

Answer

Lexicon

Question 31

What is the key distinction between syntax and semantics in linguistics?

Accepted Answer

Syntax focuses on the structure of language, while semantics focuses on its meaning.

Answer

Semantics focuses on the structure of language, while syntax focuses on its meaning.

Answer

Syntax and semantics are essentially the same concept.

Answer

Syntax focuses on the meaning of language, while semantics focuses on its structure.

Question 32

What is the term for the field of study that investigates how language is used in social contexts?

Accepted Answer

Sociolinguistics

Answer

Pragmatics

Answer

Discourse analysis

Answer

Conversation analysis

Question 33

Which of the following is NOT a claim of the linguistic relativity hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

Languages have universal grammatical structures.

Answer

Language influences our perception of the world.

Answer

Language influences our cognitive processes.

Answer

There is a strong correlation between language and culture.

Question 34

How does language interact with power dynamics?

Accepted Answer

Language can be used to both challenge and reinforce power structures.

Answer

Language is a neutral tool unaffected by power.

Answer

Power is independent of language and solely determined by economic and political factors.

Answer

Power is directly proportional to an individual's linguistic skills.

Question 35

Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of phonemes?

Accepted Answer

May not exist in all human languages

Answer

A unique sound unit in a language

Answer

Can be combined with other phonemes to form words

Answer

Changes the meaning of a word when altered

Question 36

Which theory of language acquisition emphasizes the importance of innate predispositions for learning language?

Accepted Answer

Nativism

Answer

Behaviorism

Answer

Cognitivism

Answer

Constructivism

Question 37

What is the term for the way in which words are combined to convey larger units of meaning?

Accepted Answer

Syntax

Answer

Semantics

Answer

Phonology

Answer

Pragmatics

Question 38

Which of the following is an example of a pragmatic rule in language?

Accepted Answer

Choosing language suitable to the social context

Answer

Using the appropriate verb tense

Answer

Pronouncing words correctly

Answer

Understanding the literal meaning of words

Question 39

Which area of the brain is primarily responsible for processing semantic information?

Accepted Answer

Temporal lobe

Answer

Parietal lobe

Answer

Occipital lobe

Answer

Frontal lobe

Question 40

Which type of aphasia is characterized by difficulty understanding spoken language?

Accepted Answer

Wernicke's aphasia

Answer

Broca's aphasia

Answer

Anomic aphasia

Answer

Conduction aphasia

Question 41

What is the term for the spontaneous shift between two or more languages during speech?

Accepted Answer

Code-switching

Answer

Language transfer

Answer

Language interference

Answer

Language dominance

Question 42

In language intervention, which ethical consideration is crucial to avoid perpetuating biases?

Accepted Answer

Conducting culturally sensitive assessments

Answer

Prioritizing accuracy over fluency

Answer

Relying exclusively on standardized language tests

Answer

Ignoring the impact of social context

Question 43

A defining characteristic of human language is its:

Accepted Answer

Ability to be combined and recombined to create an infinite number of sentences

Answer

Limited vocabulary size

Answer

Dependence on a specific context

Answer

Use of gestures and facial expressions

Question 44

Noam Chomsky's theory of language acquisition posits that humans possess a:

Accepted Answer

Genetically inherited blueprint for language

Answer

Social environment that fosters language development

Answer

Cognitive ability that develops with age

Answer

Learned set of rules acquired through experience

Question 45

A hallmark of language development in young children is:

Accepted Answer

Rapid acquisition of vocabulary

Answer

Ability to engage in abstract reasoning

Answer

Mastery of complex grammatical structures

Answer

Development of metalinguistic awareness

Question 46

In speech-language therapy, which intervention technique focuses on improving listening skills?

Accepted Answer

Auditory training

Answer

Language stimulation

Answer

Articulation exercises

Answer

Social skills training

Question 47

The process of converting a message into a transmittable form is called:

Accepted Answer

Encoding

Answer

Transmission

Answer

Decoding

Answer

Reception

Question 48

Which element is considered a barrier to effective communication?

Accepted Answer

Noise

Answer

Context

Answer

Message

Answer

Feedback

Question 49

The interdisciplinary field that explores the interrelation between language and social and cultural factors is known as:

Accepted Answer

Sociolinguistics

Answer

Psycholinguistics

Answer

Computational linguistics

Answer

Neurolinguistics