Probability for Biology: Master the Fundamentals with Interactive Quizzes

Question 1

Which statistical measure quantifies the strength and direction of a linear relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

Correlation coefficient

Answer

Odds ratio

Answer

Chi-square statistic

Answer

Regression coefficient

Question 2

When investigating the potential relationship between diet and heart disease, which type of study design would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Cohort study

Answer

Case-control study

Answer

Cross-sectional study

Answer

Experimental study

Question 3

Two events are independent if the occurrence of one:

Accepted Answer

Does not affect the probability of the other

Answer

Guarantees the occurrence of the other

Answer

Affects the probability of the other

Answer

Is inversely related to the probability of the other

Question 4

The expected value of a random variable represents:

Accepted Answer

The typical or average value of the variable

Answer

The value with the highest probability of occurring

Answer

The minimum possible value of the variable

Answer

The maximum possible value of the variable

Question 5

Select the example that best illustrates conditional probability:

Accepted Answer

The probability of it raining tomorrow given that it is cloudy

Answer

The probability of rolling a die and getting a 6

Answer

The probability of drawing a spade from a deck of cards

Answer

The probability of winning a lottery

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of conditional probability?

Accepted Answer

The probability of getting a heart from a deck of cards, given that the previous card was a spade

Answer

The probability of rolling a 6 on a die

Answer

The probability of winning a lottery

Answer

The probability of the sun rising tomorrow

Question 7

A fair coin is tossed twice. What is the probability of getting at least one tail?

Accepted Answer

3/4

Answer

1/4

Answer

1/2

Answer

1/8

Question 8

A bag contains 5 red marbles, 3 blue marbles, and 2 green marbles. If you draw a marble at random, what is the probability that it will be blue?

Accepted Answer

3/10

Answer

1/2

Answer

1/3

Answer

2/5

Question 9

A fair coin is tossed three times. What is the probability of getting at least one head?

Accepted Answer

7/8

Answer

1/2

Answer

1/8

Answer

3/4

Question 10

A random variable X has a standard normal distribution. What is the probability that X is between -1 and 1?

Accepted Answer

0.6827

Answer

0.5000

Answer

0.9500

Answer

0.7500

Question 11

Which of the following is the complement of the event "head" in a coin toss?

Accepted Answer

Tail

Answer

Neither head nor tail

Answer

Head and tail

Answer

An impossible event

Question 12

A fair coin is flipped three times. What is the probability of getting at least one tail?

Accepted Answer

7/8

Answer

1/2

Answer

1/8

Answer

3/8

Question 13

A survey of 1000 college students found that 60% own a smartphone, 40% own a tablet, and 20% own both a smartphone and a tablet. What is the probability that a randomly selected student owns neither a smartphone nor a tablet?

Accepted Answer

0.28

Answer

0.52

Answer

0.92

Answer

0.82

Question 14

A fair coin is flipped three times. What is the probability of getting at least one head?

Accepted Answer

7/8

Answer

1/4

Answer

3/8

Answer

1/2

Question 15

A company has a 10% chance of winning a contract if they submit a bid. If they submit 5 bids, what is the probability that they will win at least one contract?

Accepted Answer

0.402

Answer

0.900

Answer

0.010

Answer

0.500

Question 16

A coin is flipped 3 times. What is the probability of getting exactly two heads?

Accepted Answer

3/8

Answer

1/4

Answer

1/2

Answer

5/8

Question 17

A bag contains 5 red balls, 3 blue balls, and 2 green balls. What is the probability of drawing a blue ball?

Accepted Answer

3/10

Answer

1/2

Answer

1/3

Question 18

A fair die is rolled. What is the probability of getting an even number given that the number is greater than 3?

Accepted Answer

1/2

Answer

1/3

Answer

1/6

Answer

2/3

Question 19

Two events, A and B, are independent. If P(A) = 0.4 and P(B) = 0.6, what is P(A and B)?

Accepted Answer

0.24

Answer

0.1

Answer

0.5

Answer

1