HIV/AIDS Learning Quizzes: Comprehensive Review for Nursing Practice

Question 1

Which characteristic is NOT associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)?

Accepted Answer

Lifelong medication adherence

Answer

Combination of multiple antiretroviral drugs

Answer

Suppression of viral replication

Answer

Restoration of immune function

Question 2

Among patients diagnosed with AIDS, which opportunistic infection is most frequently encountered?

Accepted Answer

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Answer

Cytomegalovirus retinitis

Answer

Toxoplasmosis

Question 3

In nursing care for HIV/AIDS patients, what is a key priority?

Accepted Answer

Providing comprehensive care addressing physical, emotional, and social needs

Answer

Administering antiretroviral therapy as directed

Answer

Monitoring solely for opportunistic infections

Question 4

Which of the following is a primary mechanism of antiretroviral resistance?

Accepted Answer

Mutation of the viral target enzyme

Answer

Changes in drug metabolism due to gut microbiome alterations

Answer

Increased immune response against the virus

Answer

Environmental factors reducing drug potency

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a recognized mode of HIV transmission?

Accepted Answer

Insect bites

Answer

Sexual contact

Answer

Sharing contaminated needles

Answer

Mother-to-child transmission during birth

Question 6

Which type of cell does HIV primarily target?

Accepted Answer

T cells

Answer

B cells

Answer

Macrophages

Answer

Neutrophils

Question 7

Which diagnostic test is considered the gold standard for HIV detection?

Accepted Answer

Western blot

Answer

Rapid antibody test

Answer

ELISA

Answer

Viral load test

Question 8

What is the primary goal of antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients?

Accepted Answer

Suppression of viral replication and immune function improvement

Answer

Complete cure of the infection

Answer

Prevention of transmission to others

Question 9

The definitive diagnostic test for confirming HIV infection is:

Accepted Answer

Western blot

Answer

ELISA

Answer

Viral load test

Answer

CD4 count

Question 10

Which class of antiretroviral drugs is typically included as the first-line treatment for HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

Answer

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)

Answer

Protease inhibitors (PIs)

Answer

Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs)

Question 11

What is the primary objective of HIV treatment?

Accepted Answer

Controlling viral replication

Answer

Eradicating the virus

Answer

Restoring immune function

Answer

Preventing opportunistic infections

Question 12

During the acute phase of HIV infection, which of these symptoms is commonly observed?

Accepted Answer

Lymphadenopathy, fatigue, and malaise

Answer

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Answer

Kaposi's sarcoma

Answer

Asymptomatic course

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a clinical manifestation of HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

Cardiovascular disease

Answer

Kaposi's sarcoma

Answer

Enlarged lymph nodes

Answer

Opportunistic infections

Question 14

Which laboratory test is primarily used to diagnose HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

ELISA test

Answer

Complete blood count

Answer

Viral load test

Answer

CD4 count

Question 15

What is the target cell for HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

T cells

Answer

B cells

Answer

Macrophages

Answer

Neutrophils

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT a component of the highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimen?

Accepted Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Protease inhibitors

Answer

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Answer

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors

Question 17

What is a major risk factor for acquiring HIV?

Accepted Answer

Sharing needles or syringes with an HIV-positive person

Answer

Receiving a blood transfusion from a screened donor

Answer

Casual contact, such as hugging or shaking hands

Question 18

During the acute phase of HIV infection, which of the following is the most prevalent symptom presentation?

Accepted Answer

Persistent fever, exhaustion, and swollen lymph nodes

Answer

Infections and malignancies that take advantage of the weakened immune system

Answer

No symptoms and an undetectable viral load

Question 19

What are the primary routes of HIV transmission?

Accepted Answer

Sexual contact with an infected person

Accepted Answer

Blood transfusion from an infected donor

Answer

Contact with contaminated surfaces

Answer

Inhalation of airborne droplets

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a recognized mode of HIV transmission?

Accepted Answer

Casual contact

Answer

Sexual intercourse

Answer

Sharing needles or other drug paraphernalia

Answer

Blood transfusion

Question 21

The primary target cells for HIV are:

Accepted Answer

CD4+ T cells (helper T cells)

Answer

B cells

Answer

Macrophages

Answer

Neutrophils

Question 22

Which of the following is a characteristic clinical manifestation associated with the acute retroviral syndrome (ARS) stage of HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

Fever, lymphadenopathy, and fatigue

Answer

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)

Answer

Kaposi's sarcoma

Answer

Opportunistic infections

Question 23

Which class of antiretroviral drugs inhibits the action of the enzyme reverse transcriptase?

Accepted Answer

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

Answer

Protease inhibitors (PIs)

Answer

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)

Question 24

The primary goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is to:

Accepted Answer

Suppress viral replication and preserve immune function

Answer

Prevent transmission

Answer

Cure HIV infection

Question 25

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is recommended for individuals:

Accepted Answer

Who are at high risk of acquiring HIV

Answer

Who are living with HIV

Answer

Who have a CD4 count below 200 cells/μL

Answer

Who have a viral load above 100,000 copies/mL

Question 26

When providing culturally sensitive care to clients with HIV, the most important consideration is to:

Accepted Answer

Understand the client's beliefs, values, and experiences related to HIV

Answer

Provide care in a private setting

Answer

Speak the client's native language

Question 27

During the acute phase of HIV infection, which symptoms are typically present?

Accepted Answer

Fever, rash, and swollen lymph nodes

Answer

Weight loss, fatigue, and night sweats

Answer

Opportunistic infections and malignancies

Question 28

Which of the following cells is the primary target of HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

CD4+ T cells

Answer

CD8+ T cells

Answer

Natural Killer (NK) cells

Answer

Macrophages

Question 29

Which stage of HIV infection is characterized by a sudden onset of flu-like symptoms, including fever, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes?

Accepted Answer

Acute HIV infection

Answer

Chronic HIV infection

Answer

AIDS

Answer

Latent HIV infection

Question 30

Which of the following laboratory tests is used to confirm the diagnosis of HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

Enzyme immunoassay (EIA) followed by Western blot

Answer

Rapid HIV antibody test

Answer

Urinalysis

Answer

Complete blood count (CBC)

Question 31

Which class of antiretroviral drugs includes Dolutegravir and Bictegravir?

Accepted Answer

Integrase inhibitors

Answer

Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)

Answer

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)

Answer

Protease inhibitors

Question 32

What is the primary goal of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV management?

Accepted Answer

To suppress viral load and improve immune function

Answer

To prevent transmission of HIV

Answer

To cure HIV infection

Question 33

Which of the following opportunistic infections is commonly seen in patients with advanced HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)

Answer

Malaria

Answer

Tuberculosis

Answer

Influenza

Question 34

Which of the following is a major risk factor for HIV transmission?

Accepted Answer

Unprotected sexual intercourse with an HIV-positive partner

Answer

Sharing utensils with an HIV-infected person

Answer

Mosquito bites

Answer

Blood transfusion from a screened donor

Question 35

What is a potential long-term consequence of untreated HIV infection?

Accepted Answer

Development of AIDS

Answer

Increased susceptibility to minor infections

Answer

Improved immune function

Question 36

Which aspect of nursing care is particularly important for patients with HIV/AIDS?

Accepted Answer

Providing holistic care, including emotional support, counseling, and education

Answer

Administering medications without patient education

Answer

Educating patients about the disease process without empathy

Answer

Focusing solely on monitoring vital signs

Question 37

Which route accounts for the highest proportion of HIV transmission globally?

Accepted Answer

Unprotected sexual intercourse

Answer

Sharing contaminated needles and syringes

Answer

Mother-to-child transmission

Answer

Blood transfusions

Question 38

Which immune cell type is primarily targeted by HIV?

Accepted Answer

CD4+ T cell

Answer

B cell

Answer

Neutrophil

Answer

Macrophage

Question 39

What is the fundamental principle guiding antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV/AIDS?

Accepted Answer

Combination therapy

Answer

Monotherapy

Answer

Prophylactic therapy

Question 40

What is the primary objective of ART in HIV management?

Accepted Answer

Sustained suppression of viral replication

Answer

Prevention of opportunistic infections

Answer

Restoration of immune function to pre-infection levels

Answer

Elimination of the virus from the body

Question 41

Which nursing intervention is of paramount importance in the holistic care of HIV/AIDS patients?

Accepted Answer

Patient education and support

Answer

Wound care

Answer

Medication administration

Answer

Intravenous therapy

Question 42

According to current guidelines, how often should individuals at high risk for HIV infection undergo testing?

Accepted Answer

Annually or more frequently

Answer

Every five years

Answer

Only when symptoms are present

Question 43

What is the overarching goal driving HIV/AIDS research efforts?

Accepted Answer

Development of a cure and a preventive vaccine

Answer

Improvement of diagnostic tools for HIV

Answer

Development of more effective treatment options

Answer

Increased public awareness about HIV/AIDS