Master Programming Language Features: Java, Python, C++

Question 1

How does Python manage memory?

Accepted Answer

Garbage Collection

Answer

Reference Counting

Answer

Manual Memory Management

Answer

Stack Allocation

Question 2

What is a key advantage of employing a type system in programming languages?

Accepted Answer

Early Error Detection

Answer

Enhanced Code Efficiency

Answer

Reduced Memory Footprint

Answer

Increased Program Security

Question 3

Which of the following is not a primitive data type in C++?

Accepted Answer

string

Answer

char

Answer

double

Answer

boolean

Question 4

Does Java utilize a virtual machine to execute its code?

Accepted Answer

Yes

Answer

No

Question 5

In C++, dynamic memory allocation and deallocation during program execution is enabled by which feature?

Accepted Answer

Pointers and the 'new' and 'delete' operators

Answer

Manual memory management

Answer

Automatic memory management

Question 6

Java's platform independence allows it to run on various systems. Which option best describes this feature?

Accepted Answer

Java bytecode runs on any platform with a Java Virtual Machine (JVM).

Answer

Java code needs to be recompiled for each platform it runs on.

Answer

Java has platform-specific native libraries.

Question 7

Which data structure is fundamental to C++?

Accepted Answer

Pointer

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Hash table

Answer

Binary search tree

Question 8

What is the primary purpose of inheritance in object-oriented programming?

Accepted Answer

To reuse code and reduce complexity

Answer

To improve encapsulation and security

Answer

To achieve polymorphism and dynamic binding

Answer

To enhance performance and scalability

Question 9

What is the importance of exception handling in programming?

Accepted Answer

To manage errors effectively and maintain program flow

Answer

To improve debugging and enhance code readability

Answer

To enhance security and prevent malicious attacks

Answer

To increase code efficiency and reduce memory usage

Question 10

What advantage does a compiler offer over an interpreter?

Accepted Answer

Faster execution speed

Answer

Improved security and stability

Answer

Reduced memory consumption

Answer

Easier debugging and code maintenance

Question 11

What is the function of a virtual machine in programming?

Accepted Answer

To create a platform-independent environment for code execution

Answer

To enhance code security and prevent memory leaks

Answer

To improve performance by optimizing code at runtime

Answer

To facilitate code sharing and collaboration among developers

Question 12

Explain the concept of polymorphism in object-oriented programming:

Accepted Answer

The ability for objects to exhibit different behaviors based on their class

Answer

The ability to create multiple instances of the same class

Answer

The ability to overload methods with different parameters

Answer

The ability to inherit from multiple parent classes

Question 13

In C++, what is the primary benefit of using pointers?

Accepted Answer

Efficient memory management and dynamic data structures

Answer

Enhanced code readability and maintainability

Answer

Automatic type conversion and error handling

Answer

Improved performance and parallelization

Question 14

Which of the following is not a characteristic of Java?

Accepted Answer

Multiple inheritance

Answer

Exception handling

Answer

Automatic memory management

Answer

Strong typing

Question 15

Python's dynamic typing allows variables to:

Accepted Answer

Change their data type at runtime

Answer

Improve code efficiency

Answer

Be more secure

Answer

Execute faster

Question 16

Java's garbage collection mechanism automatically:

Accepted Answer

Frees unused memory

Answer

Improves program performance

Answer

Requires manual memory management

Answer

Is not supported in Java

Question 17

Which Java keyword implements inheritance?

Accepted Answer

extends

Answer

implements

Answer

overrides

Answer

static

Question 18

In Python, a function with a default argument returns:

Accepted Answer

The default value if the argument is not provided

Answer

None if the argument is not provided

Answer

An error if the argument is not provided

Answer

Always returns None

Question 19

Which method is **not** part of the standard `dict` class in Python?

Accepted Answer

`append()`

Answer

`get()`

Answer

`items()`

Answer

`clear()`

Question 20

What is the primary purpose of using the 'self' keyword in Python?

Accepted Answer

To refer to the instance of the current class.

Answer

To create a new instance of the class.

Answer

To access global variables.

Answer

To inherit attributes from a parent class.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT a primitive data type in C++?

Accepted Answer

string

Answer

int

Answer

float

Answer

boolean

Question 22

What is the crucial difference between weak and strong references in Python?

Accepted Answer

Weak references allow garbage collection, while strong references prevent it.

Answer

Strong references allow garbage collection, while weak references prevent it.

Answer

There is no functional difference between weak and strong references.

Answer

Weak references are used for object identity, while strong references are used for object lifetime management.

Question 23

What is the primary use of the 'super' keyword in Java?

Accepted Answer

To invoke the constructor of the superclass.

Answer

To access protected members of the superclass.

Answer

To override methods of the superclass.

Answer

To access private members of the superclass.

Question 24

What is the key purpose of virtual functions in C++?

Accepted Answer

To enable polymorphic behavior through method overriding in derived classes.

Answer

To guarantee that the same function is always executed, regardless of the object type.

Answer

To prevent derived classes from redefining inherited methods.

Answer

To facilitate operator overloading.

Question 25

What is the fundamental distinction between a constructor and a destructor in C++?

Accepted Answer

Constructors initialize objects, while destructors deallocate memory and clean up resources.

Answer

Destructors initialize objects, while constructors deallocate memory and clean up resources.

Answer

Constructors and destructors serve the same purpose.

Answer

Destructors are not supported in C++.

Question 26

Which of the following is the correct syntax for defining a class in Python?

Accepted Answer

class MyClass:

Answer

class MyClass() {}

Answer

class MyClass {}:

Answer

class MyClass():

Question 27

Which Java feature enables the execution of code without modification across different operating systems?

Accepted Answer

Bytecode interpretation

Answer

Automatic memory management

Answer

Object-oriented programming

Answer

Multithreading

Question 28

Which Python feature allows for data structures to change their data types dynamically?

Accepted Answer

Duck typing

Answer

Strong typing

Answer

Static typing

Answer

Type annotation

Question 29

Which C++ feature facilitates memory resource management, preventing memory leaks?

Accepted Answer

Smart pointers

Answer

Pointers

Answer

References

Answer

Type safety

Question 30

Which Python feature allows for the creation of user-defined data types with attributes and methods?

Accepted Answer

Classes

Answer

Structs

Answer

Enums

Answer

Interfaces

Question 31

Which C++ feature allows operators to be redefined, customizing their behavior for specific data types?

Accepted Answer

Operator overloading

Answer

Polymorphism

Answer

Overriding

Answer

Virtual functions

Question 32

Which Java feature enables the creation of classes without defining a class name?

Accepted Answer

Anonymous classes

Answer

Inner classes

Answer

Lambda expressions

Answer

Local classes

Question 33

Which C++ feature optimizes code performance by executing function calls within the calling function?

Accepted Answer

Inlining

Answer

Overloading

Answer

Templates

Answer

Polymorphism

Question 34

In Java, which feature enables the creation of subclasses that inherit the properties and behaviors of existing classes?

Accepted Answer

Inheritance

Answer

Polymorphism

Answer

Encapsulation

Answer

Abstraction

Question 35

In Python, what is the function of the 'def' keyword?

Accepted Answer

To define a function

Answer

To create a class

Answer

To import a module

Answer

To declare a variable

Question 36

What is the main advantage of using a dynamic programming approach in Python?

Accepted Answer

Improved time complexity for solving optimization problems

Answer

Reduced memory usage

Answer

Enhanced code readability

Answer

Increased flexibility for handling complex input

Question 37

In Java, which access modifier is used to allow subclasses to access protected members of their superclass?

Accepted Answer

protected

Answer

public

Answer

private

Answer

default

Question 38

In C++, what is the purpose of the 'friend' keyword?

Accepted Answer

To grant access to private members of a class to functions outside of that class

Answer

To create a new class that inherits from an existing class

Answer

To declare a function as a member of an existing class

Answer

To restrict access to a class to specific users

Question 39

Which Python module provides support for working with regular expressions?

Accepted Answer

re

Answer

math

Answer

os

Answer

json

Question 40

In Java, which annotation is used to indicate that a method overrides a method in a superclass?

Accepted Answer

@Override

Answer

@Inherit

Answer

@Extend

Answer

@OverrideMethod

Question 41

Which C++ operator performs bitwise exclusive OR?

Accepted Answer

^

Answer

&

Answer

|

Answer

<<

Question 42

Which of the following is not a fundamental characteristic of object-oriented programming?

Accepted Answer

Recursion

Answer

Encapsulation

Answer

Polymorphism

Answer

Inheritance

Question 43

What is a significant advantage of Python that makes it popular for rapid prototyping and scripting?

Accepted Answer

Dynamic typing, where data types are determined at runtime.

Answer

Fast compilation speeds.

Answer

Strong type checking, enforcing strict data type rules.

Question 44

For which type of software development is C++ particularly well-suited due to its performance capabilities?

Accepted Answer

Developing high-performance software, such as game engines and operating systems.

Answer

Web development, creating interactive websites and web applications.

Answer

Data analysis, processing and analyzing large datasets.

Answer

Mobile app programming, developing applications for smartphones and tablets.

Question 45

Which feature distinguishes JavaScript as a language primarily used for interactive web experiences?

Accepted Answer

Event-driven programming, responding to user actions and events.

Answer

Static typing, where data types are declared explicitly.

Answer

Automatic garbage collection, managing memory allocation and deallocation.

Answer

Object-oriented programming, organizing code into reusable objects.

Question 46

What is a primary benefit of using an IDE designed specifically for a programming language?

Accepted Answer

Syntax highlighting and auto-completion, improving code readability and reducing errors.

Answer

Automatic code generation, creating code based on predefined templates.

Answer

Increased code execution speed, optimizing program performance.

Answer

Support for all programming languages, providing a unified development environment.

Question 47

What is a potential limitation to consider when choosing a specific programming language for a project?

Accepted Answer

It might not be the best fit for all problem domains or application types.

Answer

Having a large and active community, offering ample support and resources.

Answer

Always providing optimal performance, guaranteeing the fastest execution speeds.

Answer

Easy migration to other platforms, seamlessly adapting to different operating systems.

Question 48

When choosing a programming language for a project, what factor should be the primary consideration?

Accepted Answer

The specific requirements and constraints of the project, such as performance needs and target platform.

Answer

The developer's personal preferences and familiarity with the language.

Answer

The availability of online tutorials and learning resources.

Question 49

What is a fundamental best practice in writing code that applies to all programming languages?

Accepted Answer

Using descriptive variable names that clearly indicate their purpose.

Answer

Using complex data structures whenever possible.

Answer

Avoiding comments, minimizing code clutter.

Answer

Ignoring code readability, focusing solely on functionality.

Question 50

What is a significant advantage of following language-specific conventions and style guides?

Accepted Answer

Improved code readability and maintainability, making it easier for others to understand and modify.

Answer

Reduced memory usage, minimizing the program's memory footprint.

Answer

Faster code execution, improving program performance.

Answer

Increased algorithm efficiency, optimizing program execution speed.

Question 51

What is a potential challenge that can arise when working with language-specific features?

Accepted Answer

Difficulty in understanding and implementing features that are not commonly supported by other languages.

Answer

Improved code security, enhancing the protection of sensitive information.

Answer

Increased code portability, allowing the code to be easily adapted for different platforms.