Immunology Quizzes: Test Your Understanding of the Immune System

Question 1

What is the essential role of antigens in the immune response? *

Accepted Answer

To bind to antibodies and trigger a specific immune response

Answer

To destroy invading pathogens

Answer

To activate complement proteins directly

Answer

To suppress the immune system

Question 2

Which type of immunoglobulin is the most abundant in the blood? *

Accepted Answer

IgG

Answer

IgM

Answer

IgA

Answer

IgE

Question 3

What is the primary mechanism of action of complement proteins? *

Accepted Answer

To coat pathogens, aiding in their phagocytosis

Answer

To produce antibodies

Answer

To directly kill pathogens

Answer

To suppress immune cell activity

Question 4

Which cell type is primarily responsible for presenting antigens to T cells? *

Accepted Answer

Dendritic cells

Answer

Macrophages

Answer

Neutrophils

Answer

B cells

Question 5

What is the fundamental difference between humoral and cell-mediated immunity? *

Accepted Answer

Humoral immunity involves antibodies, while cell-mediated immunity involves T cells

Answer

Humoral immunity is innate, while cell-mediated immunity is adaptive

Answer

Cell-mediated immunity involves antibodies, while humoral immunity involves T cells

Answer

Humoral immunity is adaptive, while cell-mediated immunity is innate

Question 6

Which of the following is a type of adaptive immune response? *

Accepted Answer

Formation of memory B cells

Answer

Inflammation

Answer

Phagocytosis

Answer

Natural killer cell activation

Question 7

What is the main role of cytokines in the immune system? *

Accepted Answer

To regulate and coordinate immune cell activity

Answer

To neutralize pathogens directly

Answer

To produce antibodies

Answer

To activate complement proteins

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the immune system?

Accepted Answer

Promotion of tissue growth

Answer

Protection against pathogens

Answer

Maintenance of homeostasis

Answer

Distinction between self and non-self

Question 9

The region of an antibody that specifically binds to a unique antigen is called:

Accepted Answer

Paratope

Answer

Epitope

Answer

Hypervariable region

Answer

Complementarity-determining region

Question 10

Autoimmune diseases are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

An inappropriate immune response targeting self-antigens

Answer

An overactive immune system that attacks foreign antigens indiscriminately

Answer

A weakened immune system that fails to respond to pathogens effectively

Answer

A dysregulation of the immune system leading to chronic inflammation

Question 11

Which of the following is a key component of the complement system?

Accepted Answer

Mannose-binding lectin

Answer

Immunoglobulins

Answer

Granulocytes

Answer

Helper T-cells

Question 12

The activation of the classical complement pathway is primarily triggered by:

Accepted Answer

The binding of antibodies to antigens

Answer

The recognition of microbial surface molecules

Answer

The amplification of the complement cascade

Answer

The release of inflammatory mediators

Question 13

Which of the following functions is associated with opsonins produced by the complement system?

Accepted Answer

Enhancing phagocytosis

Answer

Neutralizing pathogens

Answer

Lysing target cells

Answer

Activating B-cells

Question 14

Which component does NOT belong to the innate immune system?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies

Answer

Phagocytes

Answer

Natural killer cells

Question 15

Which cells in the immune system are responsible for producing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

B cells

Answer

T cells

Answer

Macrophages

Answer

Neutrophils

Question 16

Antigen is the name of the protein found on pathogens that is recognized by antibodies. True or False?

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 17

Clonal selection refers to the process by which B cells mature and differentiate into plasma cells. True or False?

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 18

Which type of T cell is responsible for killing infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Tc

Answer

Th1

Answer

Th2

Answer

Ts

Question 19

Vaccination is a mechanism by which the immune system protects against future infections. True or False?

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 20

The complement system plays a role in all of the following, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Production of antibodies

Answer

Opsonization of pathogens

Answer

Activation of the inflammatory response

Answer

Lysis of infected cells

Question 21

What is the main purpose of a vaccine?

Accepted Answer

To provide immunity against a specific pathogen

Answer

To treat an existing infection

Answer

To boost the immune system

Answer

To suppress the immune system

Question 22

Which type of immune cell is responsible for recognizing and destroying virus-infected cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytotoxic T cells

Answer

Macrophages

Answer

B cells

Answer

Natural killer cells

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of an antigen?

Accepted Answer

Small molecular weight

Answer

Foreign to the body

Answer

Can bind to antibodies

Answer

Induces an immune response

Question 24

What is the primary function of antibodies?

Accepted Answer

To bind to antigens and neutralize or eliminate them

Answer

To present antigens to T cells

Answer

To activate complement proteins

Question 25

Which of the following is an example of passive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Transfer of antibodies from mother to fetus through the placenta

Answer

Recovery from an infection

Answer

Vaccination with a weakened virus

Question 26

Which type of immune response is characterized by the production of antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Humoral immunity

Answer

Autoimmunity

Answer

Innate immunity

Answer

Cell-mediated immunity

Question 27

What is the role of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in the immune response?

Accepted Answer

To present antigens to T cells

Answer

To activate complement proteins

Answer

To release histamine

Answer

To produce antibodies

Question 28

Which of the following is NOT a component of the innate immune system?

Accepted Answer

Antibodies

Answer

Neutrophils

Answer

Macrophages

Answer

Natural killer cells

Question 29

What is the name of the process by which B cells differentiate into antibody-producing cells?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cell differentiation

Answer

T cell activation

Answer

Inflammation

Answer

Complement activation

Question 30

How does vaccination work to protect against infectious diseases?

Accepted Answer

It introduces a weakened or inactive form of the pathogen to stimulate an immune response

Answer

It prevents the pathogen from entering the body

Answer

It directly kills the pathogen

Question 31

A patient with a weakened immune system is more susceptible to infections. Which of the following could contribute to this weakened immune system?

Accepted Answer

All of the above

Answer

Malnutrition

Answer

Certain medications, such as chemotherapy drugs

Answer

HIV infection