Metabolism Learning Quizzes: Master the Fundamentals of Energy Production and Utilization

Question 1

Which molecule serves as the primary energy currency within cells?

Accepted Answer

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

Answer

Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NADH)

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Pyruvate

Question 2

Which of the following is the major contributor to the formation of ATP during cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Electron Transport Chain

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Citric Acid Cycle

Answer

Pentose Phosphate Pathway

Question 3

From which molecule is Acetyl-CoA primarily derived?

Accepted Answer

Fatty Acids

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Amino Acids

Answer

Glycogen

Question 4

What is the primary function of the pentose phosphate pathway?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide synthesis

Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Fatty acid synthesis

Question 5

Which hormone stimulates glycogenolysis, the breakdown of glycogen to glucose?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Cortisol

Question 6

Which type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance?

Accepted Answer

Type 2

Answer

Type 1

Answer

Gestational

Answer

Prediabetes

Question 7

Which technique relies on measuring heat production to study metabolic processes?

Accepted Answer

Calorimetry

Answer

Radioactive tracer experiments

Answer

Enzyme assays

Answer

Immunoassays

Question 8

Glycolysis is the process that breaks down glucose into:

Accepted Answer

Two molecules of pyruvate

Answer

Two molecules of lactate

Answer

One molecule of glucose-6-phosphate

Answer

Two molecules of acetyl-CoA

Question 9

Which of the following is not a step in the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

ATP is synthesized

Answer

Acetyl-CoA enters the cycle

Answer

Oxaloacetate is regenerated

Answer

NADH and FADH2 are produced

Question 10

The process of converting fatty acids into energy is known as:

Accepted Answer

Beta-oxidation

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Answer

Glycogenesis

Question 11

Amino acids are primarily used for:

Accepted Answer

Protein synthesis

Answer

Energy production

Answer

Storage of genetic information

Answer

Regulation of cellular processes

Question 12

The energy stored in ATP is released when:

Accepted Answer

The terminal phosphate group is removed

Answer

The adenine ring is broken

Answer

The ribose sugar is oxidized

Answer

The molecule is reduced

Question 13

The process of converting glucose into glycogen is known as:

Accepted Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Glycogenolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Lipogenesis

Question 14

Which of the following is the primary substrate for glycolysis, the process that converts glucose into pyruvate?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Answer

Fructose

Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Question 15

Which stage of glycolysis involves the splitting of a six-carbon sugar into two three-carbon molecules?

Accepted Answer

Splitting phase

Answer

Preparatory phase

Answer

Phosphorylation phase

Answer

Oxidative phase

Question 16

In which organelle does the citric acid cycle primarily occur?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Lysosome

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 17

What is the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

NAD+

Answer

FADH2

Answer

Cytochrome c

Question 18

Lipogenesis specifically refers to the biosynthesis of which molecules?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids

Answer

DNA

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Question 19

Among the provided amino acids, which one is considered essential for the human body?

Accepted Answer

Lysine

Answer

Alanine

Answer

Glycine

Answer

Serine

Question 20

Which enzyme is primarily responsible for regulating the rate of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Phosphofructokinase-1

Answer

Hexokinase

Answer

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Answer

Pyruvate kinase

Question 21

Which metabolic pathway is primarily influenced by changes in the ATP/ADP ratio?

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Electron transport chain

Answer

Krebs cycle

Question 22

Which molecule is NOT produced during the pentose phosphate pathway?

Accepted Answer

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate

Answer

NADPH

Answer

Ribose-5-phosphate

Answer

Erythrose-4-phosphate

Question 23

The primary function of the electron transport chain is to:

Accepted Answer

Generate ATP

Answer

Reduce NAD+ and FAD

Answer

Synthesize lipids

Answer

Detoxify reactive oxygen species

Question 24

Which of the following is NOT a product of glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA

Answer

Pyruvate

Answer

ATP

Answer

NADH

Question 25

In which organelle does the citric acid cycle primarily occur?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondria

Answer

Cytoplasm

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Endoplasmic reticulum

Question 26

Which enzyme plays a crucial role in fatty acid metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

Answer

Citrate synthase

Answer

Hexokinase

Answer

Pyruvate dehydrogenase

Question 27

Which macronutrient is central to amino acid metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Lipids

Answer

Vitamins

Question 28

What is the ultimate electron acceptor in cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Hydrogen

Answer

Carbon dioxide

Answer

Glucose

Question 29

Which characteristic is associated with anabolic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Energy storage

Answer

Molecule breakdown

Answer

Production of ATP

Answer

Release of carbon dioxide

Question 30

What is the primary function of NAD+ in metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Electron carrier

Answer

Energy currency

Answer

Hormone precursor

Answer

Coenzyme

Question 31

Which energy-producing pathway is a major function of the liver?

Accepted Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Glycogenolysis

Answer

Glycolysis

Question 32

What is the main significance of the pentose phosphate pathway?

Accepted Answer

Production of NADPH

Answer

Generation of ATP

Answer

Synthesis of amino acids

Answer

Breakdown of fatty acids