Nursing Care Across the Lifespan: A Comprehensive Guide for Nurses

Question 1

Identify the priority nursing intervention while providing care to an infant.

Accepted Answer

Maintaining a calm environment conducive to sleep

Answer

Encouraging early ambulation for the infant

Answer

Adhering to a strict feeding schedule for the infant

Answer

Changing the infant's diaper solely when it appears soiled

Question 2

When caring for a newborn infant, what is the nurse's top priority?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the infant's body temperature

Answer

Feeding the infant every 2-3 hours

Answer

Assessing the infant's neurological status

Answer

Monitoring the infant's respiratory status

Question 3

According to Erikson's developmental theory, which task is crucial for adolescents?

Accepted Answer

Establishing a sense of identity

Answer

Developing independence

Answer

Gaining competence

Answer

Maintaining close relationships

Question 4

What is the primary objective of palliative care?

Accepted Answer

Relieving suffering and enhancing quality of life

Answer

Curing the underlying disease

Answer

Extending life indefinitely

Answer

Providing spiritual guidance

Question 5

Which nursing intervention is essential in the care of a patient with a tracheostomy?

Accepted Answer

Suctioning the tracheostomy tube as needed

Answer

Changing the tracheostomy dressing

Answer

Inserting a suction catheter into the trachea

Answer

Monitoring the patient's vital signs

Question 6

According to Piaget's theory, children in the preoperational stage exhibit:

Accepted Answer

Egocentric thinking

Answer

Logical reasoning abilities

Answer

Ability to conserve numbers

Answer

Understanding of object permanence

Question 7

Which nursing diagnosis aligns with a patient experiencing anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Impaired coping

Answer

Deficient knowledge

Answer

Risk for injury

Answer

Ineffective airway clearance

Question 8

In the initial phase of care for a patient diagnosed with diabetes, which nursing action holds the highest priority?

Accepted Answer

Patient education on diabetes management

Answer

Monitoring blood glucose levels

Answer

Administering prescribed insulin

Answer

Counseling on coping with the diagnosis

Question 9

A child with cerebral palsy presents with spasticity. Which nursing intervention is the priority?

Accepted Answer

Positioning to prevent contractures

Answer

Passive range of motion exercises

Answer

Active assisted range of motion exercises

Answer

Splinting to reduce muscle tone

Question 10

When a patient experiences a panic attack, which nursing intervention should be implemented first?

Accepted Answer

Reassure and calm the patient

Answer

Offer the patient a beverage

Answer

Administer medication if prescribed

Answer

Monitor the patient's vital signs

Question 11

For older adults, which health condition often poses significant challenges to mobility and functional independence?

Accepted Answer

Arthritis

Answer

Dementia

Answer

Heart failure

Answer

Diabetes

Question 12

What is the cornerstone principle of evidence-based nursing care?

Accepted Answer

Using research evidence to guide patient care and improve outcomes

Answer

Relying solely on traditional practices without considering research

Answer

Adopting new technologies without assessing their effectiveness

Question 13

Which nursing theorist developed the Hierarchy of Needs Theory, which emphasizes the significance of satisfying basic human needs for health and well-being?

Accepted Answer

Abraham Maslow

Answer

Dorothea Orem

Answer

Sister Callista Roy

Answer

Betty Neuman

Question 14

For a patient experiencing chronic pain, which nursing intervention effectively promotes self-management and reduces reliance on opioids?

Accepted Answer

Involving the patient in decision-making and pain management strategies

Answer

Administration of pain medication as prescribed

Answer

Frequent monitoring and assessment of pain levels

Answer

Providing relaxation techniques

Question 15

When a nurse encounters a patient with diabetes who is not adhering to their prescribed diet during a home visit, which nursing intervention is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Provide education and resources on healthy eating habits

Answer

Confront the patient about their non-compliance

Answer

Report the patient's non-adherence to their healthcare provider

Answer

Document the observation and discontinue further follow-up

Question 16

Which ethical principle guides nurses to prioritize and protect the patient's health and well-being above all else?

Accepted Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Justice

Question 17

For an elderly patient with Alzheimer's disease, the primary objective of nursing care is to focus on:

Accepted Answer

Maintaining the patient's dignity and overall well-being

Answer

Reversing the progression of the disease

Answer

Preventing falls

Answer

Managing behavioral disturbances

Question 18

When caring for a patient with a spinal cord injury, which intervention should be the nurse's top priority?

Accepted Answer

Assessing for pressure ulcers

Answer

Managing pain effectively

Answer

Preventing infections

Answer

Encouraging early mobility

Question 19

For a typically developing 1-year-old child, which of the following developmental milestones would be expected?

Accepted Answer

Walking independently

Answer

Speaking in short sentences

Answer

Reading simple words

Answer

Writing their name

Question 20

For a patient experiencing chronic pain, which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Chronic pain

Answer

Acute pain

Answer

Impaired physical mobility

Answer

Disturbed sleep pattern

Question 21

What is a primary advantage of effective interdisciplinary collaboration in healthcare?

Accepted Answer

Enhanced patient outcomes due to a comprehensive and coordinated approach

Answer

Reduced healthcare expenses through optimized resource allocation

Answer

Increased professional isolation resulting from reduced reliance on individual expertise

Answer

Limited patient involvement in care planning and decision-making

Question 22

In children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which early developmental milestone is commonly delayed?

Accepted Answer

Joint attention

Answer

Smiling

Answer

Rolling over

Answer

Walking

Question 23

Acne is a common health concern during which developmental stage?

Accepted Answer

Adolescence

Answer

Infancy

Answer

Adulthood

Answer

Older adulthood

Question 24

To support a child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the classroom, the most appropriate nursing intervention is to:

Accepted Answer

Provide a calm and structured environment

Answer

Administer sedative medications

Answer

Restrict the child's physical activities

Answer

Ignore the child's behavior

Question 25

When providing care to individuals with chronic pain, a key nursing principle is to:

Accepted Answer

Foster patient autonomy and self-management

Answer

Focus solely on eliminating pain

Answer

Prescribe opioids liberally

Answer

Avoid patient education on pain management

Question 26

To prevent infection when caring for a patient with a tracheostomy, it is crucial to:

Accepted Answer

Use sterile technique when changing the tracheostomy dressing

Answer

Change the tracheostomy tube every 4 hours

Answer

Maintain suction at all times

Answer

Encourage frequent patient speech

Question 27

The most common nursing diagnosis for infants with congenital heart defects is:

Accepted Answer

Impaired cardiac output

Answer

Ineffective airway clearance

Answer

Self-care deficit

Answer

Social isolation

Question 28

When assessing a patient with a urinary tract infection, which finding would be typically observed?

Accepted Answer

Cloudy and foul-smelling urine

Answer

Increased urine output

Answer

Absence of urinary urgency

Answer

Yellow, concentrated urine

Question 29

To promote healing in a patient with a diabetic foot ulcer, the essential nursing intervention is:

Accepted Answer

Debridement of necrotic tissue

Answer

Administration of intravenous antibiotics

Answer

Elevation of the affected foot

Answer

Application of topical steroids

Question 30

A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). Which of the following assessment findings is most suggestive of a PE?

Accepted Answer

Sudden onset of sharp chest pain

Answer

Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing

Answer

Elevated jugular venous pressure

Answer

Coughing up blood

Question 31

What is the primary objective of nursing care for individuals with chronic illnesses?

Accepted Answer

Manage symptoms and enhance quality of life

Answer

Cure the disease

Answer

Prevent further complications

Answer

Provide emotional support

Question 32

Which type of wound healing occurs when the wound edges are closely approximated and sutured together?

Accepted Answer

Primary intention healing

Answer

Secondary intention healing

Answer

Tertiary intention healing

Answer

Delayed intention healing

Question 33

What is the ethical principle that emphasizes respect for the patient's right to make informed decisions about their care?

Accepted Answer

Autonomy

Answer

Beneficence

Answer

Non-maleficence

Answer

Justice

Question 34

Which component of the nursing care plan identifies the patient's specific nursing diagnoses?

Accepted Answer

Diagnosis

Answer

Assessment

Answer

Planning

Answer

Implementation

Question 35

In hospitalized patients, which type of infection occurs most frequently?

Accepted Answer

Urinary tract infection, involving the urinary system

Answer

Pneumonia, affecting the lungs

Answer

Surgical site infection, occurring post-surgery

Answer

Sepsis, a severe全身inflammatory response to infection

Question 36

Within the nursing process, what is the initial and foundational step?

Accepted Answer

Assessment, gathering data and evaluating the patient's condition

Answer

Diagnosis, identifying and labeling the patient's health problems

Answer

Planning, establishing goals and interventions for the patient's care

Answer

Implementation, carrying out the planned interventions and actions

Question 37

Which of the following is a central developmental task for toddlers, crucial for their growing independence and self-expression?

Accepted Answer

Developing a sense of autonomy

Answer

Mastering toilet training

Answer

Establishing language skills

Answer

Developing social skills

Question 38

An elderly patient with a history of congestive heart failure is experiencing increased shortness of breath. Which assessment finding should prompt the nurse to call the healthcare provider immediately?

Accepted Answer

Jugular venous distention

Answer

Peripheral edema

Answer

Dyspnea on exertion

Answer

Fatigue

Question 39

A patient with a diagnosis of schizophrenia is exhibiting delusions of grandeur. Which of the following nursing interventions is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Acknowledging the patient's beliefs without reinforcing them

Answer

Challenging the patient's beliefs directly

Answer

Ignoring the patient's beliefs

Question 40

A nurse is caring for a toddler refusing oral medication. What is the most appropriate initial approach?

Accepted Answer

Engage the child in play to administer the medication.

Answer

Document the refusal and inform the healthcare provider.

Answer

Forcefully administer the medication to ensure the dose is taken.

Question 41

An older adult patient reports feeling isolated and lonely. Which nursing intervention would be most beneficial?

Accepted Answer

Encourage participation in social activities and support groups.

Answer

Suggest the patient spend more time alone for reflection.

Answer

Prioritize the patient's physical health needs exclusively.

Question 42

Which developmental milestone is expected in a healthy 6-month-old infant?

Accepted Answer

Sitting with support

Answer

Saying "mama" or "dada" specifically

Answer

Scribbling with crayons

Answer

Walking independently

Question 43

A pregnant woman in her third trimester complains of heartburn. What is the most likely cause of this symptom?

Accepted Answer

Pressure from the growing uterus on the stomach.

Answer

Elevated levels of gastric acid secretion.

Answer

Onset of gestational diabetes.

Answer

Increased consumption of spicy foods.

Question 44

A patient newly diagnosed with diabetes is being discharged. What nursing intervention is most crucial for successful home management?

Accepted Answer

Provide thorough education about diabetes, including medication, diet, and exercise.

Answer

Immediately refer the patient to a diabetes support group.

Answer

Give the patient a pamphlet with general information about diabetes.

Question 45

Which of the following is a critical component of culturally competent nursing care?

Accepted Answer

Respecting and valuing the patient's cultural beliefs and practices.

Answer

Exclusively applying Western medical practices in patient care.

Answer

Treating all patients identically, disregarding their background.

Question 46

According to the World Health Organization's pain ladder, what is the recommended first-line analgesic for a terminally ill patient experiencing pain?

Accepted Answer

Non-opioid analgesic (e.g., acetaminophen)

Answer

Strong opioid analgesic (e.g., morphine)

Answer

Adjuvant analgesic (e.g., antidepressant)

Answer

Weak opioid analgesic (e.g., codeine)

Question 47

A school nurse aims to promote healthy eating among adolescents. Which strategy is likely to be most effective?

Accepted Answer

Involving adolescents in planning and preparing healthy meals.

Answer

Lecturing students on the importance of a balanced diet.

Answer

Presenting diagrams of the food pyramid to students.

Question 48

Which of the following is classified as a primary prevention strategy for reducing sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

Accepted Answer

Educating teenagers about safe sex practices.

Answer

Counseling individuals diagnosed with STIs about partner notification.

Answer

Administering vaccinations for preventable STIs.

Answer

Providing testing and treatment for individuals with STIs.

Question 49

A patient is anxious about an upcoming surgical procedure. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention?

Accepted Answer

Provide clear and accurate information about the procedure.

Answer

Reassure the patient by saying everything will be fine.

Answer

Distract the patient with television or music.