Nutrition Basics: Definition and Importance for Nurses

Question 1

The process of breaking down food into nutrients is known as:

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Excretion

Question 2

The field of study focusing on the relationship between food and health is called:

Accepted Answer

Nutritional science

Answer

Dietetics

Answer

Gastronomy

Answer

Pathophysiology

Question 3

The process of storing excess energy as fat is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Lipogenesis

Answer

Glycogenesis

Answer

Proteogenesis

Answer

Gluconeogenesis

Question 4

What is the primary objective of nutrition?

Accepted Answer

To promote optimal physical and mental health throughout life

Answer

To satisfy hunger and provide energy

Answer

To solely prevent and treat specific diseases

Answer

To exclusively enhance athletic performance

Question 5

What is the most precise definition of nutrition?

Accepted Answer

The scientific study of nutrients and their effects on human health and well-being.

Answer

The act of eating food to gain energy and support growth.

Answer

The preparation and serving of food for consumption.

Answer

The process of breaking down and absorbing food in the body.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Storing genetic information

Answer

Providing immediate energy

Answer

Regulating blood sugar levels

Answer

Building and repairing cell structures

Question 7

Which of the following is excluded from the classification of macronutrients?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 8

What is the fundamental role of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Provision of energy

Answer

Tissue construction and repair

Answer

Regulation of bodily processes

Answer

Protection against infections

Question 9

Which of the following vitamins can dissolve in water?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin K

Question 10

Which condition is an example of a nutrient deficiency disease?

Accepted Answer

Scurvy

Answer

Obesity

Answer

Diabetes

Answer

Heart disease

Question 11

Which of the following describes the primary function of carbohydrates in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Energy source

Answer

Muscle building

Answer

Bone formation

Answer

Hormone regulation

Question 12

The process by which food is broken down into smaller molecules for absorption is called:

Accepted Answer

Digestion

Answer

Metabolism

Answer

Absorption

Answer

Assimilation

Question 13

The primary energy source for the human body is:

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Answer

Minerals

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a primary nutrient group?

Accepted Answer

Water

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Question 15

The nutrient that is primarily responsible for energy storage in the body is:

Accepted Answer

Glycogen

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Tryptophan

Question 16

Which of the following is considered a micronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Water

Answer

Fiber

Answer

Sodium

Question 17

The body's primary source of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, is:

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Answer

Vitamins

Question 18

The term 'nutrition' refers to:

Accepted Answer

The scientific study of nutrients and their impact on health and well-being

Answer

The process of consuming food and beverages

Answer

The body's ability to utilize nutrients from food

Answer

The nutritional content of specific foods

Question 19

The Dietary Guidelines for Americans serve as:

Accepted Answer

Evidence-based recommendations for healthy eating for the general population

Answer

Legally binding regulations for healthcare practitioners

Answer

Government-mandated dietary restrictions for specific health conditions

Answer

Optional guidelines only applicable to individuals with specialized nutritional needs

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a macronutrient?

Accepted Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Lipids

Answer

Proteins

Question 21

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Energy production

Answer

Structural component of cells

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Answer

Transport oxygen in the blood

Question 22

Which nutrient is primarily responsible for building and repairing tissues?

Accepted Answer

Proteins

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Lipids

Answer

Vitamins

Question 23

Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting and wound healing?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin K

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 24

What is the primary role of a registered dietitian?

Accepted Answer

To provide nutrition counseling and education to individuals and groups

Answer

To conduct nutrition research

Answer

To develop and implement nutrition policies

Answer

To manage food service operations

Question 25

Which vitamin is essential for healthy skin and vision?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin B12

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin D

Question 26

What is the main role of the digestive system in nutrition?

Accepted Answer

To absorb nutrients from food

Answer

To store excess nutrients for later use

Answer

To transport nutrients throughout the body

Answer

To remove waste products from the body

Question 27

Which of the following macronutrients is essential for building and repairing tissues?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Fats

Answer

Vitamins

Question 28

What is the primary energy source for the body?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Proteins

Answer

Fats

Answer

Minerals

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a balanced and nutritious diet?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of chronic diseases

Answer

Improved immune function

Answer

Enhanced cognitive performance

Answer

Improved mood

Question 30

Which of the following vitamins is essential for bone health?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Answer

Vitamin A

Answer

Vitamin C

Answer

Vitamin E

Question 31

Which nutrient deficiency can lead to impaired red blood cell production and anemia?

Accepted Answer

Iron deficiency

Answer

Vitamin B12 deficiency

Answer

Calcium deficiency

Answer

Vitamin C deficiency

Question 32

How does nutrition contribute to maintaining good health and preventing diseases?

Accepted Answer

Nutrition provides the building blocks for cell growth, repair, and function.

Answer

Nutrition helps regulate body temperature and fluid balance.

Answer

Nutrition has no significant role in preventing chronic diseases.

Question 33

How does nutrition influence the risk of chronic diseases like heart disease, diabetes, and some cancers? Give specific examples of how dietary changes can help prevent these conditions.

Accepted Answer

Limiting saturated fat and salt intake can reduce the risk of heart disease and type 2 diabetes.

Answer

Nutrition has no impact on the risk of developing chronic diseases.

Answer

Eating fruits and vegetables does not protect against cancer.

Answer

Dietary fiber does not affect blood sugar levels.

Question 34

Which of the following definitions of nutrition is the most comprehensive?

Accepted Answer

The science of nutrients and their influence on health and well-being

Answer

The study of the macronutrients

Answer

The process of consuming food

Question 35

Which of the following is not an essential nutrient?

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol

Answer

Vitamins

Answer

Minerals

Answer

Amino acids

Question 36

Which type of nutrient is crucial for building and repairing tissues?

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Fat

Answer

Carbohydrate

Question 37

What is a fundamental role of nutrition in promoting human health?

Accepted Answer

Supporting optimal growth and development

Answer

Enhancing physical appearance

Answer

Improving sleep quality

Answer

Ensuring financial stability

Question 38

Which of the following is a potential result of nutrient deficiency?

Accepted Answer

Increased risk of chronic diseases

Answer

Enhanced athletic performance

Answer

Improved cognitive function

Answer

Reduced stress levels

Question 39

Which type of nutrient provides energy for the body's functions?

Accepted Answer

Macronutrient

Answer

Micronutrient

Answer

Essential nutrient

Answer

Non-essential nutrient

Question 40

Which of the following factors can influence an individual's nutritional needs?

Accepted Answer

Age, gender, and activity level

Answer

Hair color and eye color

Answer

Social status and income