Urinary System: Interactive Quizzes for Medical Terminology Students

Question 1

In the nephron, describe the unique functions of the proximal tubule and distal tubule.

Accepted Answer

Proximal tubule: reabsorbs nutrients; Distal tubule: regulates pH levels

Answer

Proximal tubule: secretes hydrogen ions; Distal tubule: reabsorbs water

Answer

Proximal tubule: filters waste; Distal tubule: secretes hydrogen ions

Question 2

What is the main function of nephrons in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Filter waste from the blood

Answer

Store urine before it leaves the body

Answer

Transport urine out of the body

Question 3

What hormone increases water reabsorption in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroxine

Answer

Epinephrine

Question 4

What is the medical term for an inflammation of the bladder?

Accepted Answer

Cystitis

Answer

Urethritis

Answer

Nephritis

Answer

Glomerulonephritis

Question 5

Which type of kidney stone is primarily made of calcium oxalate?

Accepted Answer

Calcium oxalate stone

Answer

Struvite stone

Answer

Uric acid stone

Answer

Phosphate stone

Question 6

What is the surgical procedure to remove a kidney called?

Accepted Answer

Nephrectomy

Answer

Cystoscopy

Answer

Ureteroscopy

Answer

Prostatectomy

Question 7

Which medical imaging technique uses X-rays to visualize the urinary tract?

Accepted Answer

Intravenous pyelography

Answer

Ultrasound

Answer

Magnetic resonance imaging

Answer

Computed tomography

Question 8

A hallmark symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI) is:

Accepted Answer

Frequent urination

Answer

Constipation

Answer

Nausea

Answer

Skin rash

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Store red blood cells

Answer

Filter waste products from the blood

Answer

Produce urine

Answer

Regulate blood pressure

Question 10

The Nephron is the structural and functional unit of the kidney. What is the Nephron responsible for?

Accepted Answer

Filtering blood and producing urine

Answer

Storing urine

Answer

Transporting urine to the bladder

Answer

Regulating blood pressure

Question 11

Which hormone primarily regulates the kidneys' ability to retain sodium?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Answer

Calcitonin

Question 12

The medical term for inflammation of the bladder is:

Accepted Answer

Cystitis

Answer

Urethritis

Answer

Pyelonephritis

Answer

Nephropathy

Question 13

The medical procedure to remove urine from the bladder is called:

Accepted Answer

Catheterization

Answer

Cystoscopy

Answer

Dialysis

Answer

Nephrectomy

Question 14

What is the medical term for a condition characterized by excessive urination?

Accepted Answer

Polyuria

Answer

Anuria

Answer

Oliguria

Answer

Nocturia

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Accepted Answer

Nausea and vomiting

Answer

Frequent urination

Answer

Burning sensation during urination

Answer

Cloudy or foul-smelling urine

Question 16

Which of the following is the primary function of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Filter blood and produce urine

Answer

Control blood pressure

Answer

Regulate body temperature

Answer

Produce digestive enzymes

Question 17

What is the functional unit of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

Nephron

Answer

Ureter

Answer

Bladder

Answer

Adrenal gland

Question 18

Which of the following hormones is involved in regulating urine production?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer

Epinephrine

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 19

What is the name of the tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder?

Accepted Answer

Ureter

Answer

Urethra

Answer

Nephrostomy tube

Answer

Cystoscope

Question 20

Which of the following is a common urinary tract infection?

Accepted Answer

Cystitis

Answer

Pneumonia

Answer

Sinusitis

Answer

Meningitis

Question 21

What is the term for a kidney stone?

Accepted Answer

Nephrolithiasis

Answer

Ureterolithiasis

Answer

Cystolithiasis

Answer

Bladder calculus

Question 22

Which of the following is a diagnostic test used to visualize the urinary tract?

Accepted Answer

Cystoscopy

Answer

MRI

Answer

Electrocardiogram

Answer

Spirometry

Question 23

What is the name of the surgical procedure to remove a diseased kidney?

Accepted Answer

Nephrectomy

Answer

Ureterectomy

Answer

Cystectomy

Answer

Prostatectomy

Question 24

What is the name of the hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

Epoetin alfa

Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Insulin

Answer

Cortisol

Question 25

Which of the following is NOT a mechanism of action of diuretics?

Accepted Answer

Promote water reabsorption in the proximal tubule

Answer

Inhibit sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Answer

Block aldosterone receptors in the collecting duct

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the urinary system?

Accepted Answer

Production of white blood cells

Answer

Excretion of waste products

Answer

Regulation of blood volume

Answer

Control of blood pH

Question 27

Which structure in the kidney's hilum allows urine to enter the renal pelvis?

Accepted Answer

Renal pelvis

Answer

Renal fascia

Answer

Renal pyramid

Answer

Renal hilum

Question 28

What is the primary function of nephrons in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Filter waste products from the blood

Answer

Control urine flow by contracting and expanding

Answer

Produce hormones that regulate blood pressure

Answer

Store urine before it is released

Question 29

Which of the following is the structural and functional unit of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

Nephron

Answer

Bladder

Answer

Ureter

Answer

Urethra

Question 30

What is the primary nitrogenous waste product excreted by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Urea

Answer

Ammonia

Answer

Creatinine

Question 31

Which hormone plays a key role in regulating sodium reabsorption by the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Answer

Antidiuretic hormone

Answer

Testosterone

Question 32

What is the term used to describe inflammation of the bladder?

Accepted Answer

Cystitis

Answer

Pyelonephritis

Answer

Nephritis

Answer

Urethritis

Question 33

Which type of kidney stone is most commonly composed of calcium and oxalate?

Accepted Answer

Calcium oxalate

Answer

Struvite

Answer

Cystine

Answer

Uric acid

Question 34

What is the name of the tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?

Accepted Answer

Ureter

Answer

Urethra

Answer

Vas deferens

Answer

Nephron

Question 35

Which of the following is a primary function of the bladder?

Accepted Answer

Stores and expels urine

Answer

Produces urine

Answer

Filters blood

Answer

Regulates blood pressure

Question 36

What is the medical term for painful or difficult urination?

Accepted Answer

Dysuria

Answer

Polyuria

Answer

Oliguria

Answer

Anuria

Question 37

Which of the following is a common treatment for urinary tract infections?

Accepted Answer

Antibiotics

Answer

Radiation therapy

Answer

Surgery

Answer

Chemotherapy

Question 38

What is the process of producing and releasing urine called?

Accepted Answer

Micturition

Answer

Respiration

Answer

Defecation

Answer

Perspiration

Question 39

The part of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and producing urine is called the:

Accepted Answer

Nephron

Answer

Glomerulus

Answer

Bladder

Answer

Ureter

Question 40

Which hormone controls the reabsorption of water in the collecting ducts, influencing urine volume?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer

Aldosterone

Answer

Renin

Question 41

The condition characterized by inflammation of the urinary bladder is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cystitis

Answer

Nephritis

Answer

Urethritis

Answer

Pyelonephritis

Question 42

The surgical procedure to remove a kidney is termed:

Accepted Answer

Nephrectomy

Answer

Cystoscopy

Answer

Prostatectomy

Answer

Ureterectomy

Question 43

What term describes a solid mass formed within the kidney?

Accepted Answer

Kidney stone

Answer

Bladder stone

Answer

Gallstone

Question 44

Which of the following is **not** a primary function of the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Produce insulin

Answer

Regulate blood pressure

Answer

Filter waste products from the blood

Answer

Maintain electrolyte balance

Question 45

The glomerulus is a network of capillaries located in which part of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

Nephron

Answer

Ureter

Answer

Bladder

Answer

Urethra

Question 46

Which hormone is secreted by the pituitary gland and is responsible for regulating water reabsorption in the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Answer

Adrenaline

Answer

Insulin

Question 47

What is the primary function of the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

Store and expel urine

Answer

Filter blood

Answer

Produce urine

Question 48

Which of the following is a common urinary tract infection (UTI)?

Accepted Answer

Cystitis

Answer

Meningitis

Answer

Sinusitis

Answer

Pneumonia

Question 49

What is the medical term for the process of forming urine?

Accepted Answer

Diuresis

Answer

Micturition

Answer

Urethrotomy

Answer

Nephrectomy

Question 50

Which type of kidney stone is composed primarily of calcium oxalate?

Accepted Answer

Calcium stone

Answer

Cystine stone

Answer

Struvite stone

Answer

Uric acid stone

Question 51

What is the surgical procedure called that involves the removal of a kidney?

Accepted Answer

Nephrectomy

Answer

Lithotripsy

Answer

Ureteroscopy

Answer

Cystoscopy

Question 52

Which of the following is a symptom of urinary incontinence?

Accepted Answer

Involuntary loss of urine

Answer

Nausea

Answer

Headache

Answer

Fever

Question 53

What is the medical term for the tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?

Accepted Answer

Ureter

Answer

Urethra

Answer

Glomerulus

Answer

Nephron