Data Structures: Master the Building Blocks of Programming

Question 1

Which data structure is typically used to implement a last-in, first-out (LIFO) sequence?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked List

Answer

Queue

Question 2

In a queue data structure, which operation adds an element to the logical end of the sequence?

Accepted Answer

Enqueue

Answer

Push

Answer

Pop

Answer

Dequeue

Question 3

Which data structure is most suitable for efficiently storing and retrieving data using key-value pairs?

Accepted Answer

HashMap

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked List

Answer

Stack

Question 4

What is the approximate time complexity for searching an element within a linked list?

Accepted Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Question 5

Which data structure is optimal for implementing the backtracking algorithm efficiently?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked List

Answer

Queue

Question 6

What is the primary purpose of a sentinel node in a linked list implementation?

Accepted Answer

To mark the end of the list

Answer

To enhance search efficiency

Answer

To reduce memory overhead

Answer

To ensure data consistency

Question 7

Which data structure allows for efficient insertion and deletion of elements at either end, organizing data in a linear fashion?

Accepted Answer

Queue

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Question 8

What principle guides the operations of a stack data structure?

Accepted Answer

Last-in, first-out (LIFO)

Answer

First-in, first-out (FIFO)

Answer

Random access

Answer

Breadth-first search

Question 9

Which data structure is most suitable for organizing data in a hierarchical manner, resembling a tree?

Accepted Answer

Tree

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Graph

Question 10

When implementing a queue using an array, which operation has a time complexity of O(1), where n represents the number of elements in the queue?

Accepted Answer

Enqueue

Answer

Dequeue

Answer

Peek

Answer

Contains

Question 11

Which characteristic is NOT associated with linked list data structures?

Accepted Answer

Sequential storage of elements

Answer

Dynamic memory allocation

Answer

Nodes connected through pointers

Answer

Efficient insertion and deletion operations

Question 12

In a binary search tree, what is the maximum number of child nodes that any node can have?

Accepted Answer

2

Answer

1

Answer

3

Answer

4

Question 13

For implementing a backtracking algorithm, which data structure is commonly employed?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Graph

Question 14

In C++, which syntax is used to access elements of an array by their indices?

Accepted Answer

arrayName[index]

Answer

arrayName->index

Answer

index[arrayName]

Answer

arrayName.index

Question 15

Which data structure is suitable for representing a social network, where individuals are represented as nodes and their relationships as edges?

Accepted Answer

Graph

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Tree

Question 16

In a heap data structure, which property ensures that the element with the highest priority is consistently at the root of the tree?

Accepted Answer

Max-heap property

Answer

Min-heap property

Answer

Binary search tree property

Answer

Balanced binary tree property

Question 17

Which data structure is a linear collection of elements accessed sequentially?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Question 18

Which data structure follows the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Queue

Question 19

Which data structure is used to implement a 'breadth-first search' algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Queue

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Answer

Tree

Question 20

Which data structure is a dynamic collection of nodes inserted or removed at any point?

Accepted Answer

Linked list

Answer

Array

Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Question 21

Which data structure is suitable for storing a collection of unique elements?

Accepted Answer

Set

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Map

Question 22

Which is not a primitive data type in Java?

Accepted Answer

List

Answer

int

Answer

float

Answer

boolean

Question 23

Which data structure can be used to implement a 'depth-first search' algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Queue

Question 24

Which data structure stores key-value pairs?

Accepted Answer

Map

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Question 25

In real-world applications, how can binary search trees be effectively utilized? Provide two examples.

Accepted Answer

Managing sorted customer data for efficient search and retrieval.

Accepted Answer

Implementing a file system for organizing files and directories in a hierarchical structure.

Answer

Storing student records in a database for quick retrieval based on ID.

Answer

Analyzing large datasets for patterns and trends through statistical operations.

Question 26

In a hash table, what is the primary purpose of hash functions?

Accepted Answer

Generate array indices based on keys

Answer

Ensure uniqueness of keys in the hash table

Answer

Store key-value pairs in the hash table

Answer

Compare keys for equality

Question 27

Which of the following data structures is a contiguous block of memory that stores data sequentially?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Linked List

Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Question 28

A data structure that follows the last-in-first-out (LIFO) principle is known as a:

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked List

Question 29

In a linked list, the head node points to the:

Accepted Answer

First node in the list

Answer

Last node in the list

Answer

Next node in the list

Answer

Previous node in the list

Question 30

To add an element at the end of a queue, which method should be used?

Accepted Answer

Enqueue

Answer

Dequeue

Answer

Push

Answer

Pop

Question 31

Which of the following data structures is considered non-linear?

Accepted Answer

Non-linear data structure

Answer

Linear data structure

Answer

Sequential data structure

Answer

Random access data structure

Question 32

In a binary tree, the root node is defined as:

Accepted Answer

The first node added

Answer

The last node added

Answer

The deepest node

Answer

The shallowest node

Question 33

The fundamental component of a hash table is a:

Accepted Answer

Hash function

Answer

Comparator function

Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Question 34

The time complexity of searching for an element in a balanced binary search tree is:

Accepted Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Question 35

Which data structure is best suited for storing and accessing elements sequentially?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Question 36

What is the time complexity of inserting an element at the beginning of a linked list?

Accepted Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Question 37

Which data structure operates on the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Queue

Question 38

What is the key distinction between stacks and queues?

Accepted Answer

Stacks follow a LIFO principle, while queues follow a FIFO principle.

Answer

Queues follow a LIFO principle, while stacks follow a FIFO principle.

Answer

Stacks and queues both follow a LIFO principle.

Answer

Stacks and queues both follow a FIFO principle.

Question 39

Which advantage is inherent to using arrays?

Accepted Answer

Swift access to elements

Answer

Dynamic resizing capabilities

Answer

Efficient insertion or deletion at any position

Answer

Capacity to store diverse data types

Question 40

What is the defining characteristic of a circular queue?

Accepted Answer

Employs a circular buffer to store elements

Answer

Operates on a LIFO principle

Answer

Can be implemented using a linked list

Answer

Possesses a fixed, unchangeable size

Question 41

Identify a drawback associated with linked lists:

Accepted Answer

Sluggish random access capabilities

Answer

Inefficient utilization of memory

Answer

Complexity in implementation

Answer

Inability to manage large datasets

Question 42

How can one implement a stack data structure using a queue?

Accepted Answer

Utilize two queues to simulate stack behavior

Answer

Employ a single queue, but reverse the order of elements

Answer

Stack implementation using a queue is not feasible

Answer

Implement a stack using a circular queue

Question 43

Which data structure is most suitable for implementing a dictionary?

Accepted Answer

Hash table

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Queue

Question 44

Which data structure is most suitable for storing a series of elements that must be accessed sequentially?

Accepted Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Question 45

What is the time complexity for searching an element in a linked list?

Accepted Answer

O(n)

Answer

O(1)

Answer

O(log n)

Answer

O(n^2)

Question 46

Which data structure adheres to the Last-In-First-Out (LIFO) principle?

Accepted Answer

Stack

Answer

Queue

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Question 47

What is the main distinction between a queue and a deque?

Accepted Answer

A deque can be accessed from both ends, while a queue can only be accessed from one end.

Answer

A queue can be accessed from both ends, while a deque can only be accessed from one end.

Answer

They are essentially the same data structure.

Answer

A deque can store elements of varying types, unlike a queue.

Question 48

Which data structure is employed for implementing the Breadth-First Search (BFS) algorithm?

Accepted Answer

Queue

Answer

Stack

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Question 49

What is the primary purpose of a sentinel node in a linked list?

Accepted Answer

It indicates the end of the list.

Answer

It enhances search operations' efficiency.

Answer

It holds extra information pertaining to the list.

Answer

It safeguards against memory leaks.

Question 50

Which data structure is ideally suited for representing a tree data structure?

Accepted Answer

Binary tree

Answer

Array

Answer

Linked list

Answer

Hash table

Question 51

Explain the difference between a circular queue and a standard queue.

Accepted Answer

While a regular queue does not, a circular queue loops back to the beginning after reaching the end.

Answer

While a circular queue does not, a regular queue loops back to the beginning after reaching the end.

Answer

They are structurally identical data structures.

Answer

Circular queues are inherently more efficient than regular queues.